# Natural law

- Id: `natural_law`
- Canonical url: `https://prokopton42.com/en/concepts/natural-law/`
- Language: `en`
- Editorial status: `substantive_editorial_draft`
- Content checksum: `9d737fbd5926d00cd9af7880f6d47166734a9d0643e2a340dcbc4d679a711077`

## Summary

Natural law grounds some norms in shared reason or nature rather than solely in a ruler’s decision.

## Overview

In the current corpus, this annotation connects 23,610 passages across 31 works, including Abraham Lincoln Papers: Incoming and Contextual Documents, On Divination, On Duties. These links provide inspectable points of comparison; they do not assume that every author uses the concept in the same sense.

## Definition evidence passages

```json
[
    "passage:locke.second_treatise:C8",
    "passage:schopenhauer.world:supplement-25",
    "passage:marcus_aurelius.meditations:3.11"
]
```

## Aliases

```json
[
    "loi naturelle",
    "natural law",
    "lex natur",
    "nature et raison",
    "nature and reason"
]
```

## Statistics

```json
{
    "works": 31,
    "passages": 23610,
    "thinkers": 15,
    "traditions": 10
}
```

## Related traditions

```json
[
    {
        "id": "political-thought",
        "name": "Political thought and democracy",
        "url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/intellectual-traditions/political-thought-and-democracy/"
    },
    {
        "id": "greek-roman-traditions",
        "name": "Greek and Roman traditions",
        "url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/intellectual-traditions/greek-and-roman-traditions/"
    },
    {
        "id": "chinese-thought",
        "name": "Early Chinese thought",
        "url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/intellectual-traditions/early-chinese-thought/"
    },
    {
        "id": "science",
        "name": "Science and scientific thought",
        "url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/intellectual-traditions/science-and-scientific-thought/"
    },
    {
        "id": "stoicism",
        "name": "Stoicism",
        "url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/intellectual-traditions/stoicism/"
    },
    {
        "id": "modern-philosophy",
        "name": "Modern and contemporary philosophy",
        "url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/intellectual-traditions/modern-and-contemporary-philosophy/"
    },
    {
        "id": "psychology",
        "name": "Psychology and psychoanalysis",
        "url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/intellectual-traditions/psychology-and-psychoanalysis/"
    },
    {
        "id": "skepticism",
        "name": "Skepticism",
        "url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/intellectual-traditions/skepticism/"
    },
    {
        "id": "platonism",
        "name": "Socratic and Platonic thought",
        "url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/intellectual-traditions/socratic-and-platonic-thought/"
    },
    {
        "id": "new-thought",
        "name": "New Thought and mental science",
        "url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/intellectual-traditions/new-thought-and-mental-science/"
    }
]
```

## Related works

```json
[
    {
        "id": "abraham_lincoln.papers_context",
        "title": "Abraham Lincoln Papers: Incoming and Contextual Documents",
        "author": "Correspondents and archival record",
        "url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/works/abraham-lincoln-archive-correspondents/incoming-mail-and-context/"
    },
    {
        "id": "cicero.de_divinatione",
        "title": "On Divination",
        "author": "Cicero",
        "url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/works/cicero/de-divinatione/"
    },
    {
        "id": "cicero.de_officiis",
        "title": "On Duties",
        "author": "Cicero",
        "url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/works/cicero/de-officiis/"
    },
    {
        "id": "cicero.de_legibus",
        "title": "On the Laws",
        "author": "Cicero",
        "url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/works/cicero/de-legibus/"
    },
    {
        "id": "cicero.de_natura_deorum",
        "title": "On the Nature of the Gods",
        "author": "Cicero",
        "url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/works/cicero/de-natura-deorum/"
    },
    {
        "id": "cicero.tusculan_disputations",
        "title": "Tusculan Disputations",
        "author": "Cicero",
        "url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/works/cicero/tusculan-disputations/"
    },
    {
        "id": "confucius.analects",
        "title": "The Analects of Confucius (Lúnyǔ)",
        "author": "Confucius",
        "url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/works/confucius/analects/"
    },
    {
        "id": "einstein.relativity_popular_en",
        "title": "Relativity: The Special and General Theory, English Translation",
        "author": "Albert Einstein",
        "url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/works/einstein/relativity-popular-en/"
    },
    {
        "id": "einstein.sidelights_on_relativity",
        "title": "Sidelights on Relativity",
        "author": "Albert Einstein",
        "url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/works/einstein/sidelights-on-relativity/"
    },
    {
        "id": "einstein.born_letters",
        "title": "The Born-Einstein Letters: Einstein’s Letters",
        "author": "Albert Einstein",
        "url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/works/einstein/born-letters/"
    },
    {
        "id": "einstein.world_as_i_see_it",
        "title": "The World As I See It",
        "author": "Albert Einstein",
        "url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/works/einstein/world-as-i-see-it/"
    },
    {
        "id": "elizabeth_carter.montagu_letters",
        "title": "Letters from Elizabeth Carter to Elizabeth Montagu",
        "author": "Elizabeth Carter",
        "url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/works/elizabeth-carter/montagu-letters/"
    },
    {
        "id": "locke.second_treatise",
        "title": "Second Treatise of Government",
        "author": "John Locke",
        "url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/works/john-locke/second-treatise/"
    },
    {
        "id": "jung.collected_papers_analytical_psychology",
        "title": "Collected Papers on Analytical Psychology",
        "author": "Carl Gustav Jung",
        "url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/works/jung/collected-papers-analytical-psychology/"
    },
    {
        "id": "marcus_aurelius.meditations",
        "title": "Meditations",
        "author": "Marcus Aurelius",
        "url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/works/marcus-aurelius/meditations/"
    },
    {
        "id": "montaigne.essais",
        "title": "The Essays",
        "author": "Michel de Montaigne",
        "url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/works/montaigne/essais/"
    },
    {
        "id": "plato.laws",
        "title": "Laws",
        "author": "Plato",
        "url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/works/plato/laws/"
    },
    {
        "id": "seneca.de_vita_beata",
        "title": "On the Happy Life",
        "author": "Seneca",
        "url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/works/seneca/de-vita-beata/"
    },
    {
        "id": "socrates.xenophon_memorabilia",
        "title": "Socrates in Xenophon’s Memorabilia",
        "author": "Xenophon",
        "url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/works/xenophon/xenophon-memorabilia/"
    },
    {
        "id": "spinoza.political_treatise_en",
        "title": "Political Treatise, English Manifestation",
        "author": "Baruch Spinoza",
        "url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/works/spinoza/political-treatise-en/"
    },
    {
        "id": "spinoza.theologico_political_treatise_en",
        "title": "Theologico-Political Treatise, English Manifestation",
        "author": "Baruch Spinoza",
        "url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/works/spinoza/theologico-political-treatise-en/"
    },
    {
        "id": "thomas_aquinas.summa_contra_gentiles",
        "title": "Summa Contra Gentiles",
        "author": "Thomas Aquinas",
        "url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/works/thomas-aquinas/summa-contra-gentiles/"
    },
    {
        "id": "thomas_aquinas.summa_theologiae",
        "title": "Summa Theologiae",
        "author": "Thomas Aquinas",
        "url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/works/thomas-aquinas/summa-theologiae/"
    },
    {
        "id": "troward.dore_lectures",
        "title": "The Doré Lectures",
        "author": "Thomas Troward",
        "url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/works/thomas-troward/dore-lectures/"
    },
    {
        "id": "troward.edinburgh_lectures",
        "title": "The Edinburgh Lectures on Mental Science",
        "author": "Thomas Troward",
        "url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/works/thomas-troward/edinburgh-lectures/"
    },
    {
        "id": "troward.law_and_word",
        "title": "The Law and the Word",
        "author": "Thomas Troward",
        "url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/works/thomas-troward/law-and-word/"
    }
]
```