# Panaetius

- Id: `panaetius`
- Canonical url: `https://prokopton42.com/en/thinkers/panaetius/`
- Language: `en`
- Editorial status: `available`
- Content checksum: `a1bb5174f4df4e0e986a01c1ca36868a7251e2caa0d559828961025990ee02df`

## Summary

A source-critical Middle Stoic persona built from 59 Fowler carrier units, with every claim kept distinct from Cicero’s adaptation and from autobiographical memory.

## Overview

Panaetius died around 110/109 BCE. His works are lost; his positions survive in named quotations, reports and adaptations preserved by later carriers.

## Lifespan

```json
{
    "display": "c. 185–c. 110 BCE",
    "era": "Hellenistic and Roman era",
    "distance": "about 2,135 years ago",
    "age_at_death": null
}
```

## Intellectual tradition

```json
{
    "id": "stoicism",
    "name": "Stoicism",
    "detail": "Middle Stoa",
    "labels": [
        "Stoicism",
        "Middle Stoa"
    ]
}
```

## Historical cutoff

```json
{
    "year": -109,
    "display": "109 BCE",
    "reason": "Panaetius died around 110/109 BCE. His works are lost; his positions survive in named quotations, reports and adaptations preserved by later carriers."
}
```

## Statistics

```json
{
    "works": 1,
    "passages": 59,
    "languages": [
        "en",
        "fr",
        "grc",
        "lat"
    ],
    "intellectual_exposures": 2,
    "typed_relationships": 2
}
```

## Places

```json
[
    {
        "name": "Rhodes",
        "period": "c. 185 BCE",
        "description": "Birthplace and later return.",
        "confidence": "B",
        "source_url": "https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/stoicism/"
    },
    {
        "name": "Athens",
        "period": "study and scholarchate",
        "description": "Study with Stoic teachers and later leadership of the school.",
        "confidence": "A",
        "source_url": "https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/stoicism/"
    },
    {
        "name": "Rome",
        "period": "mid-2nd century BCE",
        "description": "Association with Scipio Aemilianus and Roman elite circles.",
        "confidence": "B",
        "source_url": "https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/stoicism/"
    }
]
```