{
    "schema": "prokopton42-public-thinker-v1",
    "id": "posidonius",
    "canonical_url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/thinkers/posidonius/",
    "language": "en",
    "title": "Posidonius",
    "editorial_status": "available",
    "summary": "A source-critical Middle Stoic persona built from 197 historical fragments and 28 testimonia, with each ancient carrier explicit and one malformed ocean source quarantined.",
    "body": "Posidonius died around 51 BCE. His books are lost and survive through quotations, summaries, adaptations and testimonia in later carriers.",
    "lifespan": {
        "display": "c. 135–c. 51 BCE",
        "era": "Hellenistic and Roman era",
        "distance": "about 2,076 years ago",
        "age_at_death": null
    },
    "intellectual_tradition": {
        "id": "stoicism",
        "name": "Stoicism",
        "detail": "Middle Stoa",
        "labels": [
            "Stoicism",
            "Middle Stoa"
        ]
    },
    "historical_cutoff": {
        "year": -50,
        "display": "50 BCE",
        "reason": "Posidonius died around 51 BCE. His books are lost and survive through quotations, summaries, adaptations and testimonia in later carriers."
    },
    "statistics": {
        "works": 2,
        "passages": 225,
        "languages": [
            "en",
            "fr",
            "grc",
            "lat"
        ],
        "intellectual_exposures": 2,
        "typed_relationships": 3
    },
    "attested_thinker_encounters": [],
    "places": [
        {
            "name": "Apamea",
            "period": "c. 135 BCE",
            "description": "Traditional Syrian birthplace.",
            "confidence": "B",
            "source_url": "https://www.britannica.com/biography/Posidonius"
        },
        {
            "name": "Athens",
            "period": "education",
            "description": "Stoic study under Panaetius.",
            "confidence": "B",
            "source_url": "https://www.britannica.com/biography/Posidonius"
        },
        {
            "name": "Rhodes",
            "period": "adult life",
            "description": "School, citizenship, political service and research base.",
            "confidence": "A",
            "source_url": "https://www.britannica.com/biography/Posidonius"
        },
        {
            "name": "Rome",
            "period": "multiple visits",
            "description": "Diplomatic visits and Roman intellectual contacts.",
            "confidence": "A",
            "source_url": "https://www.britannica.com/biography/Posidonius"
        },
        {
            "name": "Gades / Cádiz",
            "period": "research journey",
            "description": "Western journey associated with observations of Atlantic tides.",
            "confidence": "B",
            "source_url": "https://www.britannica.com/biography/Posidonius"
        }
    ],
    "content_checksum": "8d71e1f89314f968f29922dff8ff2a04554ffc3648467b5e21bfe72341dbb1dc"
}