# Seneca

- Id: `seneca`
- Canonical url: `https://prokopton42.com/en/thinkers/seneca/`
- Language: `en`
- Editorial status: `available`
- Content checksum: `ec44c2910a191af96838e668c4604d45f45e181c46012533b490e20baab74987`

## Summary

Roman philosopher, playwright, and adviser, Seneca tests ethics against anger, power, and time slipping away.

## Overview

Seneca died in 65 CE.

## Lifespan

```json
{
    "display": "4 BCE-65 CE",
    "era": "Hellenistic and Roman era",
    "distance": "1,961–2,029 years ago",
    "age_at_death": 68
}
```

## Intellectual tradition

```json
{
    "id": "stoicism",
    "name": "Stoicism",
    "detail": "Roman Stoicism",
    "labels": [
        "Stoicism",
        "Roman Stoicism"
    ]
}
```

## Historical cutoff

```json
{
    "year": 65,
    "display": "65 CE",
    "reason": "Seneca died in 65 CE."
}
```

## Statistics

```json
{
    "works": 13,
    "passages": 2664,
    "languages": [
        "en",
        "fr",
        "lat"
    ],
    "intellectual_exposures": 2,
    "typed_relationships": 13
}
```

## Attested thinker encounters

```json
[
    {
        "person_id": "attalus",
        "name": "Attalus",
        "relationship_type": "philosophical_teacher",
        "confidence": "A",
        "source_refs": [
            "corpus.seneca.epistulae_morales"
        ]
    },
    {
        "person_id": "sotion",
        "name": "Sotion",
        "relationship_type": "philosophical_teacher",
        "confidence": "A",
        "source_refs": [
            "corpus.seneca.epistulae_morales"
        ]
    }
]
```

## Places

```json
[
    {
        "name": "Corduba",
        "period": "c. 1 BCE",
        "description": "Traditional birthplace in Roman Hispania.",
        "confidence": "B",
        "source_url": "https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/seneca/"
    },
    {
        "name": "Rome",
        "period": "childhood-65 CE",
        "description": "Education, political career, writing and death.",
        "confidence": "A",
        "source_url": "https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/seneca/"
    },
    {
        "name": "Alexandria / Egypt",
        "period": "young adulthood",
        "description": "Extended stay in Egypt for health and family connections.",
        "confidence": "B",
        "source_url": "https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/seneca/"
    },
    {
        "name": "Corsica",
        "period": "41-49 CE",
        "description": "Place of imperial exile.",
        "confidence": "A",
        "source_url": "https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/seneca/"
    },
    {
        "name": "Nomentum",
        "period": "late life",
        "description": "Villa and recurring setting in the Letters.",
        "confidence": "B",
        "source_url": "https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/seneca/"
    },
    {
        "name": "Liternum",
        "period": "late life",
        "description": "Letter 86 is written from Scipio's villa at Liternum.",
        "confidence": "A",
        "source_url": "https://thestoiclibrary.com/letters/86"
    },
    {
        "name": "Puteoli",
        "period": "late life",
        "description": "Letter 53 recounts a sea departure from Puteoli.",
        "confidence": "A",
        "source_url": "https://seneca.ink/letters/53-on-the-faults-of-the-spirit"
    },
    {
        "name": "Naples",
        "period": "late life",
        "description": "Letter 53 names Naples as the destination of Seneca's disastrous short crossing.",
        "confidence": "A",
        "source_url": "https://seneca.ink/letters/53-on-the-faults-of-the-spirit"
    },
    {
        "name": "Baiae",
        "period": "late life",
        "description": "Letter 51 says Seneca left Baiae after one day.",
        "confidence": "A",
        "source_url": "https://senecaletters.com/fr/letters/51"
    }
]
```