{
    "schema": "prokopton42-public-passage-v1",
    "id": "cicero.letters_to_quintus",
    "canonical_url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/works/cicero/letters-to-quintus/reference-2-10-1/",
    "language": "en",
    "title": "Letters to Quintus",
    "author": "Cicero",
    "date": "60-54 BCE",
    "summary": "Cicero writes to his brother Quintus about provincial government, family ambitions, and the storms of Roman politics. Fraternal affection does not erase stern advice or disagreements about authority, reputation, and prudence.",
    "learning": "Connect provincial government with self-command, analyze frankness between brothers, and understand how private reputation intersects with public responsibility.",
    "long_summary": "The letters combine advice on administering Asia, news from Rome, career management, and domestic affairs. Cicero urges Quintus to govern anger and household so that the exercise of power protects the family’s standing.\n\nThe bond between brothers gives advice a distinctive tone of claimed frankness and attempted control. Public virtues are debated within a private relationship in which each man nevertheless depends on the other’s reputation and decisions.",
    "historical_context": "The corpus manifests do not yet establish the precise place and circumstances of composition. The images below document the author’s world or the text’s transmission. They do not claim to show the exact scene of writing.",
    "material_world_label": "Roman world, 1st century BCE to 3rd century CE",
    "material_world": {
        "technology": "Paved roads, aqueducts, concrete, glassware, mills, and hypocaust heating equip some cities, but energy comes mainly from bodies, animals, water, and wood.",
        "science": "Astronomy, geometry, natural history, and engineering compile Greek, Egyptian, and Roman knowledge. Measurement exists without a modern laboratory.",
        "medicine": "Physicians, midwives, baths, plants, and rudimentary surgery can help; reliable anaesthesia, antisepsis, and antibiotics do not exist.",
        "transport": "On foot, horseback, cart, or ship, road and sea networks connect the Empire. Travel remains slow, costly, and risky.",
        "agriculture": "Grain, vines, olives, pulses, and livestock supply cities and armies; estates, slavery, and tenancy organize part of the labour.",
        "communication": "Imperial couriers, letters on papyrus or tablets, inscriptions, and oral proclamations spread information. Everything is copied by hand.",
        "clothing": "Tunics and cloaks are common to both sexes; the stola, toga, footwear, colours, and jewellery mark citizenship, office, wealth, and origin."
    },
    "material_world_scenes": [
        {
            "asset": "/assets/timeline/landmarks/09-54-ce/world-01.webp",
            "title": "Technology, science, and care",
            "description": "Paved roads, aqueducts, concrete, glassware, mills, and hypocaust heating equip some cities, but energy comes mainly from bodies, animals, water, and wood. Astronomy, geometry, natural history, and engineering compile Greek, Egyptian, and Roman knowledge. Measurement exists without a modern laboratory. Physicians, midwives, baths, plants, and rudimentary surgery can help; reliable anaesthesia, antisepsis, and antibiotics do not exist."
        },
        {
            "asset": "/assets/timeline/landmarks/09-54-ce/world-02.webp",
            "title": "Travel and communication",
            "description": "On foot, horseback, cart, or ship, road and sea networks connect the Empire. Travel remains slow, costly, and risky. Imperial couriers, letters on papyrus or tablets, inscriptions, and oral proclamations spread information. Everything is copied by hand."
        },
        {
            "asset": "/assets/timeline/landmarks/09-54-ce/world-03.webp",
            "title": "Farming and food",
            "description": "Grain, vines, olives, pulses, and livestock supply cities and armies; estates, slavery, and tenancy organize part of the labour."
        },
        {
            "asset": "/assets/timeline/landmarks/09-54-ce/world-04.webp",
            "title": "Clothing, women and men",
            "description": "Tunics and cloaks are common to both sexes; the stola, toga, footwear, colours, and jewellery mark citizenship, office, wealth, and origin."
        }
    ],
    "intellectual_tradition": {
        "id": "greek-roman-traditions",
        "label": "Greek and Roman traditions"
    },
    "period": {
        "id": "ancient",
        "label": "Antiquity"
    },
    "languages": [
        "lat",
        "en",
        "fr"
    ],
    "manifestations": [
        {
            "coverage": "complete",
            "file": "data/corpus/normalized/cicero/letters_to_quintus/representations/lat.ndjson",
            "language": "lat",
            "records": 198,
            "role": "original",
            "sha256": "d4b96c435f8d0253d13c5198179e96a1a0c7288b20bf64a7682a8ed54a115c0a",
            "source_id": "perseus-cicero-letters_to_quintus-lat"
        },
        {
            "coverage": "complete",
            "file": "data/corpus/normalized/cicero/letters_to_quintus/representations/ai-generated/en-gpt-5-6-sol-corpus-passage-translation-v1.ndjson",
            "generated_on": "2026-09-11",
            "language": "en",
            "model": "gpt-5.6-sol",
            "official_status": "non_official",
            "prompt_version": "corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "provider": "codex_subscription",
            "records": 198,
            "role": "ai_generated_translation_non_official",
            "sha256": "d872c261a9b82739e10f123be417e62242b9c1fd43171d40c5fcccdc3679083d",
            "source_id": "prokopton42-codex-translation:gpt-5.6-sol:corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "translation_type": "ai_generated_translation"
        },
        {
            "coverage": "complete",
            "file": "data/corpus/normalized/cicero/letters_to_quintus/representations/ai-generated/fr-gpt-5-6-sol-corpus-passage-translation-v1.ndjson",
            "generated_on": "2026-09-11",
            "language": "fr",
            "model": "gpt-5.6-sol",
            "official_status": "non_official",
            "prompt_version": "corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "provider": "codex_subscription",
            "records": 198,
            "role": "ai_generated_translation_non_official",
            "sha256": "ae6e10c57e1607c0cb6bc6e9ba4ffce02eb8632e69b82eeaab8fe33084267ddc",
            "source_id": "prokopton42-codex-translation:gpt-5.6-sol:corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "translation_type": "ai_generated_translation"
        },
        {
            "coverage": "complete",
            "file": "data/corpus/normalized/cicero/translation_carrier_en_06/representations/en.ndjson",
            "language": "en",
            "records": 1,
            "role": "historical_translation",
            "sha256": "4ece40cd6391b547c2429a648ae17da7b7c9df65429321a3d4638c956c66e3a1",
            "source_id": "perseus-cicero-letters-to-quintus-en-carrier"
        },
        {
            "coverage": "complete",
            "file": "data/corpus/normalized/cicero/translation_carrier_en_06/representations/ai-generated/fr-gpt-5-6-sol-corpus-passage-translation-v1.ndjson",
            "generated_on": "2026-09-11",
            "language": "fr",
            "model": "gpt-5.6-sol",
            "official_status": "non_official",
            "prompt_version": "corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "provider": "codex_subscription",
            "records": 1,
            "role": "ai_generated_translation_non_official",
            "sha256": "2cacdcf9d5a4ec1323f6b8c362882e9d06f07567cf969aeb80de12d0a412e00b",
            "source_id": "prokopton42-codex-translation:gpt-5.6-sol:corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "translation_type": "ai_generated_translation"
        }
    ],
    "concepts": [
        {
            "id": "care_of_soul",
            "label": "Care of the soul"
        },
        {
            "id": "duty",
            "label": "Duty"
        },
        {
            "id": "friendship",
            "label": "Friendship"
        }
    ],
    "source_work_ids": [
        "cicero.letters_to_quintus",
        "cicero.translation_carrier_en_06"
    ],
    "passages": 198,
    "word_count": 60446,
    "word_counts_by_language": {
        "en": 60446,
        "fr": 58129,
        "lat": 18476
    },
    "editorial_status": "gpt_5_6_semantic_draft_v1",
    "structure": {
        "citation_scheme": "cicero-work-hierarchy-v1",
        "kind": "native",
        "levels": [
            {
                "key": "hierarchical_ref",
                "label_fr": "Division",
                "label_en": "Division"
            }
        ],
        "leaf_fr": "Passage",
        "leaf_en": "Passage"
    },
    "canonical_passage_id": "passage:cicero.letters_to_quintus:2.10.1",
    "canonical_ref": "2.10.1",
    "canonical_parent_ref": null,
    "canonical_parent_id": null,
    "representations": [
        {
            "language": "lat",
            "text": "gaudeo tibi iucundas esse meas litteras, nec tamen habuissem scribendi nunc quidem ullum argumentum nisi tuas accepissem. nam pridie Idus, cum Appius senatum infrequentem coegisset, tantum fuit frigus ut populi convicio coactus sit nos dimittere.",
            "edition": "perseus-cicero-letters_to_quintus-lat",
            "source_id": "perseus-cicero-letters_to_quintus-lat",
            "translation_type": "historical_human_translation"
        },
        {
            "language": "en",
            "text": "I am glad that my letters please you, though just now I would have had no subject for writing if I had not received yours. On the day before the Ides, when Appius had convened a poorly attended senate, the cold was so intense that the people's jeering forced him to dismiss us.",
            "translator": "Codex gpt-5.6-sol",
            "edition": "Prokopton42 non-official AI translation, 2026-09-11",
            "source_id": "prokopton42-codex-translation:gpt-5.6-sol:corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "translation_type": "ai_generated_translation",
            "official_status": "non_official",
            "generation_model": "gpt-5.6-sol"
        },
        {
            "language": "fr",
            "text": "Je suis heureux que mes lettres te soient agréables. Je n’aurais pourtant eu maintenant aucun sujet d’écrire si je n’avais reçu les tiennes. Car, le 12, Appius avait réuni un Sénat peu nombreux, mais le froid fut si vif que les clameurs du peuple le contraignirent à nous congédier.",
            "translator": "Codex gpt-5.6-sol",
            "edition": "Prokopton42 non-official AI translation, 2026-09-11",
            "source_id": "prokopton42-codex-translation:gpt-5.6-sol:corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "translation_type": "ai_generated_translation",
            "official_status": "non_official",
            "generation_model": "gpt-5.6-sol"
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    "content_checksum": "af344e6cfff9808fd58e51fed882e7bb4146cead53056e626e7b4f970b2810b0"
}