{
    "schema": "prokopton42-public-passage-v1",
    "id": "freud.drei_abhandlungen",
    "canonical_url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/works/freud/drei-abhandlungen/reference-section-0050/",
    "language": "en",
    "title": "Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality",
    "author": "Sigmund Freud",
    "date": "1905",
    "summary": "Freud reconstructs sexual development as a history of partial drives, changing objects, and successive organizations. The text belongs to a dated clinical theory whose terminology and generalizations require critical context.",
    "learning": "Track revisions in Freud’s sexual theory and distinguish historical analysis, dated terminology, and contemporary clinical judgment.",
    "long_summary": "The three essays move sexuality beyond a model restricted to adult reproduction and address variation, infantile development, and transformations of puberty. Successive editions substantially revised the text, so it cannot be treated as an unchanging doctrine.\n\nReaders also encounter historically situated medical terminology and classifications. They must not be used to label a user or pathologize an orientation. The text illuminates the history of a theory; it supplies neither a contemporary verdict nor a total explanation of human conduct.",
    "historical_context": "The corpus manifests do not yet establish the precise place and circumstances of composition. The images below document the author’s world or the text’s transmission. They do not claim to show the exact scene of writing.",
    "material_world_label": "World of 1989",
    "material_world": {
        "technology": "Personal computers, satellites, video, industrial robots, and expensive mobile phones exist, but the public Web does not yet.",
        "science": "Computing, genetics, climate science, cosmology, and medical imaging produce growing data and international collaboration.",
        "medicine": "CT, MRI, transplantation, vaccines, and intensive care advance; the AIDS epidemic exposes both medical capacity and its limits.",
        "transport": "Cars, high-speed rail, metros, aircraft, and containers globalize people and goods.",
        "agriculture": "Machinery, chemical inputs, breeding, and cold chains support high yields with increasingly debated social and environmental costs.",
        "communication": "Fixed telephones, fax, television, radio, and newspapers predominate. Email and computer networks remain mainly professional or academic.",
        "clothing": "Loose suits, jeans, trainers, women’s power suits, sportswear, and urban subcultures create highly varied silhouettes."
    },
    "material_world_scenes": [
        {
            "asset": "/assets/timeline/landmarks/30-1989-ce/world-01.webp",
            "title": "Technology, science, and care",
            "description": "Personal computers, satellites, video, industrial robots, and expensive mobile phones exist, but the public Web does not yet. Computing, genetics, climate science, cosmology, and medical imaging produce growing data and international collaboration. CT, MRI, transplantation, vaccines, and intensive care advance; the AIDS epidemic exposes both medical capacity and its limits."
        },
        {
            "asset": "/assets/timeline/landmarks/30-1989-ce/world-02.webp",
            "title": "Travel and communication",
            "description": "Cars, high-speed rail, metros, aircraft, and containers globalize people and goods. Fixed telephones, fax, television, radio, and newspapers predominate. Email and computer networks remain mainly professional or academic."
        },
        {
            "asset": "/assets/timeline/landmarks/30-1989-ce/world-03.webp",
            "title": "Farming and food",
            "description": "Machinery, chemical inputs, breeding, and cold chains support high yields with increasingly debated social and environmental costs."
        },
        {
            "asset": "/assets/timeline/landmarks/30-1989-ce/world-04.webp",
            "title": "Clothing, women and men",
            "description": "Loose suits, jeans, trainers, women’s power suits, sportswear, and urban subcultures create highly varied silhouettes."
        }
    ],
    "intellectual_tradition": {
        "id": "psychology",
        "label": "Psychology and psychoanalysis"
    },
    "period": {
        "id": "contemporary",
        "label": "Contemporary era"
    },
    "languages": [
        "de",
        "en",
        "fr"
    ],
    "manifestations": [
        {
            "coverage": "complete",
            "file": "data/corpus/normalized/freud/drei_abhandlungen/representations/de.ndjson",
            "language": "de",
            "records": 109,
            "role": "complete_author_body",
            "sha256": "f421406ad326b7c9c9a3d64a3ea4abd51f89e648bfea36f7fb60586f7226deb4",
            "source_id": "project-gutenberg-39938"
        },
        {
            "coverage": "complete",
            "file": "data/corpus/normalized/freud/drei_abhandlungen/representations/ai-generated/en-gpt-5-6-sol-corpus-passage-translation-v1.ndjson",
            "generated_on": "2026-09-14",
            "language": "en",
            "model": "gpt-5.6-sol",
            "official_status": "non_official",
            "prompt_version": "corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "provider": "codex_subscription",
            "records": 109,
            "role": "ai_generated_translation_non_official",
            "sha256": "e3f27d4f6d44f58d526ebc3de90cb13e253a1fd4605584b0b7b0e4b91739cfa0",
            "source_id": "prokopton42-codex-translation:gpt-5.6-sol:corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "translation_type": "ai_generated_translation"
        },
        {
            "coverage": "complete",
            "file": "data/corpus/normalized/freud/drei_abhandlungen/representations/ai-generated/fr-gpt-5-6-sol-corpus-passage-translation-v1.ndjson",
            "generated_on": "2026-09-14",
            "language": "fr",
            "model": "gpt-5.6-sol",
            "official_status": "non_official",
            "prompt_version": "corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "provider": "codex_subscription",
            "records": 109,
            "role": "ai_generated_translation_non_official",
            "sha256": "30b51026fc6aa3993d3275083a90f728437422216af0c3a7db4c806237004b74",
            "source_id": "prokopton42-codex-translation:gpt-5.6-sol:corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "translation_type": "ai_generated_translation"
        }
    ],
    "concepts": [
        {
            "id": "anger",
            "label": "Anger"
        },
        {
            "id": "dream_work",
            "label": "Dream-work"
        },
        {
            "id": "joke_work",
            "label": "Joke-work"
        },
        {
            "id": "pleasure_principle",
            "label": "Pleasure principle"
        },
        {
            "id": "poverty_wealth",
            "label": "Poverty and wealth"
        },
        {
            "id": "psychic_determinism",
            "label": "Psychic determinism"
        },
        {
            "id": "repetition_compulsion",
            "label": "Repetition compulsion"
        },
        {
            "id": "repression",
            "label": "Repression"
        },
        {
            "id": "sin",
            "label": "Sin"
        },
        {
            "id": "unconscious_conflict",
            "label": "Unconscious conflict"
        },
        {
            "id": "war_and_peace",
            "label": "War and peace"
        },
        {
            "id": "wish_fulfilment",
            "label": "Wish-fulfilment"
        }
    ],
    "source_work_ids": [
        "freud.drei_abhandlungen"
    ],
    "passages": 109,
    "word_count": 35693,
    "word_counts_by_language": {
        "de": 31974,
        "en": 35693,
        "fr": 36701
    },
    "editorial_status": "gpt_5_6_semantic_draft_v1",
    "structure": {
        "citation_scheme": "source-section-v1",
        "kind": "native",
        "levels": [
            {
                "key": "section",
                "label_fr": "Section",
                "label_en": "Section"
            }
        ],
        "leaf_fr": "Section",
        "leaf_en": "Section"
    },
    "canonical_passage_id": "passage:freud.drei_abhandlungen:section-0050",
    "canonical_ref": "section-0050",
    "canonical_parent_ref": null,
    "canonical_parent_id": null,
    "representations": [
        {
            "language": "de",
            "text": "Viele Menschen wissen deutlich zu erinnern, wie intensiv sie sich in der Vorpubertätszeit für die Frage interessiert haben, woher die Kinder kommen. Die anatomischen Lösungen lauteten damals ganz verschiedenartig: sie kommen aus der Brust oder werden aus dem Leib geschnitten oder der Nabel öffnet sich, um sie durchzulassen. An die entsprechende Forschung der frühen Kinderjahre erinnert man sich nur selten außerhalb der Analyse; sie ist längst der Verdrängung verfallen, aber ihre Ergebnisse waren durchaus einheitliche. Man bekommt die Kinder, indem man etwas Bestimmtes ißt (wie im Märchen), und sie werden durch den Darm wie ein Stuhlabgang geboren. Diese kindlichen Theorien mahnen an Einrichtungen im Tierreiche, speziell an die Kloake der Typen, die niedriger stehen als die Säugetiere.\n\nSadistische Auffassung des Sexualverkehrs.\n\nWerden Kinder in so zartem Alter Zuschauer des sexuellen Verkehrs zwischen Erwachsenen, wozu die Überzeugung der Großen, das kleine Kind könne noch nichts Sexuelles verstehen, die Anlässe schafft, so können sie nicht umhin, den Sexualakt als eine Art von Mißhandlung oder Überwältigung, also im sadistischen Sinne aufzufassen. Die Psychoanalyse läßt uns auch erfahren, daß ein solcher frühkindlicher Eindruck viel zur Disposition für eine spätere sadistische Verschiebung des Sexualzieles beiträgt. Des weiteren beschäftigen sich Kinder viel mit dem Problem, worin der Geschlechtsverkehr oder, wie sie es erfassen, das Verheiratetsein bestehen mag, und suchen die Lösung des Geheimnisses meist in einer Gemeinschaft, die durch die Harn- oder Kotfunktion vermittelt wird.\n\nDas typische Mißlingen der kindlichen Sexualforschung.",
            "source_id": "project-gutenberg-39938",
            "translation_type": "original_language"
        },
        {
            "language": "en",
            "text": "Many people can clearly remember how intensely, during the period before puberty, they were interested in the question of where children come from. At that time, the anatomical solutions took widely varying forms: they come from the breast, or are cut out of the body, or the navel opens to let them pass through. Outside analysis, the corresponding researches of early childhood are only rarely remembered; they have long since succumbed to repression, but their results were thoroughly uniform. One gets children by eating something particular (as in fairy tales), and they are born through the bowel like a passage of stool. These childish theories recall arrangements in the animal kingdom, especially the cloaca of types standing lower than the mammals.\n\nSadistic Conception of Sexual Intercourse.\n\nIf children at such a tender age become spectators of sexual intercourse between adults, an occasion created by the adults' conviction that the small child cannot yet understand anything sexual, they cannot avoid interpreting the sexual act as a kind of mistreatment or overpowering, and thus in a sadistic sense. Psychoanalysis also teaches us that such an impression in early childhood contributes greatly to a disposition toward a later sadistic displacement of the sexual aim. Furthermore, children occupy themselves a great deal with the problem of what sexual intercourse, or, as they understand it, being married, might consist in, and they usually seek the solution to the mystery in a communal activity mediated by urinary or fecal function.\n\nThe Typical Failure of Infantile Sexual Research.",
            "translator": "Codex gpt-5.6-sol",
            "edition": "Prokopton42 non-official AI translation, 2026-09-14",
            "source_id": "prokopton42-codex-translation:gpt-5.6-sol:corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "translation_type": "ai_generated_translation",
            "official_status": "non_official",
            "generation_model": "gpt-5.6-sol"
        },
        {
            "language": "fr",
            "text": "De nombreuses personnes se souviennent clairement de l’intensité avec laquelle, durant la période précédant la puberté, elles se sont intéressées à la question de savoir d’où viennent les enfants. Les solutions anatomiques étaient alors très diverses : ils viennent de la poitrine, ou sont découpés dans le ventre, ou bien le nombril s’ouvre pour les laisser passer. Hors de l’analyse, on ne se souvient que rarement de la recherche correspondante menée dans les premières années de l’enfance ; elle a depuis longtemps succombé au refoulement, mais ses résultats étaient tout à fait uniformes. On obtient les enfants en mangeant quelque chose de déterminé (comme dans les contes), et ils naissent par l’intestin comme une évacuation de selles. Ces théories enfantines rappellent certaines dispositions du règne animal, notamment le cloaque des types situés plus bas que les mammifères.\n\nConception sadique du rapport sexuel.\n\nSi des enfants, à un âge si tendre, assistent aux rapports sexuels entre adultes, ce que rend possible la conviction des grandes personnes que le petit enfant ne peut encore rien comprendre de sexuel, ils ne peuvent s’empêcher de concevoir l’acte sexuel comme une sorte de mauvais traitement ou de violence, donc au sens sadique. La psychanalyse nous apprend également qu’une telle impression de la première enfance contribue beaucoup à la disposition à un déplacement sadique ultérieur du but sexuel. En outre, les enfants s’occupent beaucoup du problème de savoir en quoi peuvent consister les rapports sexuels ou, tels qu’ils les comprennent, le fait d’être marié, et cherchent le plus souvent la solution du mystère dans une communauté médiatisée par la fonction urinaire ou fécale.\n\nL’échec typique de la recherche sexuelle infantile.",
            "translator": "Codex gpt-5.6-sol",
            "edition": "Prokopton42 non-official AI translation, 2026-09-14",
            "source_id": "prokopton42-codex-translation:gpt-5.6-sol:corpus-passage-translation-v1",
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}