{
    "schema": "prokopton42-public-passage-v1",
    "id": "freud.drei_abhandlungen",
    "canonical_url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/works/freud/drei-abhandlungen/reference-section-0060/",
    "language": "en",
    "title": "Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality",
    "author": "Sigmund Freud",
    "date": "1905",
    "summary": "Freud reconstructs sexual development as a history of partial drives, changing objects, and successive organizations. The text belongs to a dated clinical theory whose terminology and generalizations require critical context.",
    "learning": "Track revisions in Freud’s sexual theory and distinguish historical analysis, dated terminology, and contemporary clinical judgment.",
    "long_summary": "The three essays move sexuality beyond a model restricted to adult reproduction and address variation, infantile development, and transformations of puberty. Successive editions substantially revised the text, so it cannot be treated as an unchanging doctrine.\n\nReaders also encounter historically situated medical terminology and classifications. They must not be used to label a user or pathologize an orientation. The text illuminates the history of a theory; it supplies neither a contemporary verdict nor a total explanation of human conduct.",
    "historical_context": "The corpus manifests do not yet establish the precise place and circumstances of composition. The images below document the author’s world or the text’s transmission. They do not claim to show the exact scene of writing.",
    "material_world_label": "World of 1989",
    "material_world": {
        "technology": "Personal computers, satellites, video, industrial robots, and expensive mobile phones exist, but the public Web does not yet.",
        "science": "Computing, genetics, climate science, cosmology, and medical imaging produce growing data and international collaboration.",
        "medicine": "CT, MRI, transplantation, vaccines, and intensive care advance; the AIDS epidemic exposes both medical capacity and its limits.",
        "transport": "Cars, high-speed rail, metros, aircraft, and containers globalize people and goods.",
        "agriculture": "Machinery, chemical inputs, breeding, and cold chains support high yields with increasingly debated social and environmental costs.",
        "communication": "Fixed telephones, fax, television, radio, and newspapers predominate. Email and computer networks remain mainly professional or academic.",
        "clothing": "Loose suits, jeans, trainers, women’s power suits, sportswear, and urban subcultures create highly varied silhouettes."
    },
    "material_world_scenes": [
        {
            "asset": "/assets/timeline/landmarks/30-1989-ce/world-01.webp",
            "title": "Technology, science, and care",
            "description": "Personal computers, satellites, video, industrial robots, and expensive mobile phones exist, but the public Web does not yet. Computing, genetics, climate science, cosmology, and medical imaging produce growing data and international collaboration. CT, MRI, transplantation, vaccines, and intensive care advance; the AIDS epidemic exposes both medical capacity and its limits."
        },
        {
            "asset": "/assets/timeline/landmarks/30-1989-ce/world-02.webp",
            "title": "Travel and communication",
            "description": "Cars, high-speed rail, metros, aircraft, and containers globalize people and goods. Fixed telephones, fax, television, radio, and newspapers predominate. Email and computer networks remain mainly professional or academic."
        },
        {
            "asset": "/assets/timeline/landmarks/30-1989-ce/world-03.webp",
            "title": "Farming and food",
            "description": "Machinery, chemical inputs, breeding, and cold chains support high yields with increasingly debated social and environmental costs."
        },
        {
            "asset": "/assets/timeline/landmarks/30-1989-ce/world-04.webp",
            "title": "Clothing, women and men",
            "description": "Loose suits, jeans, trainers, women’s power suits, sportswear, and urban subcultures create highly varied silhouettes."
        }
    ],
    "intellectual_tradition": {
        "id": "psychology",
        "label": "Psychology and psychoanalysis"
    },
    "period": {
        "id": "contemporary",
        "label": "Contemporary era"
    },
    "languages": [
        "de",
        "en",
        "fr"
    ],
    "manifestations": [
        {
            "coverage": "complete",
            "file": "data/corpus/normalized/freud/drei_abhandlungen/representations/de.ndjson",
            "language": "de",
            "records": 109,
            "role": "complete_author_body",
            "sha256": "f421406ad326b7c9c9a3d64a3ea4abd51f89e648bfea36f7fb60586f7226deb4",
            "source_id": "project-gutenberg-39938"
        },
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            "coverage": "complete",
            "file": "data/corpus/normalized/freud/drei_abhandlungen/representations/ai-generated/en-gpt-5-6-sol-corpus-passage-translation-v1.ndjson",
            "generated_on": "2026-09-14",
            "language": "en",
            "model": "gpt-5.6-sol",
            "official_status": "non_official",
            "prompt_version": "corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "provider": "codex_subscription",
            "records": 109,
            "role": "ai_generated_translation_non_official",
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            "source_id": "prokopton42-codex-translation:gpt-5.6-sol:corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "translation_type": "ai_generated_translation"
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            "coverage": "complete",
            "file": "data/corpus/normalized/freud/drei_abhandlungen/representations/ai-generated/fr-gpt-5-6-sol-corpus-passage-translation-v1.ndjson",
            "generated_on": "2026-09-14",
            "language": "fr",
            "model": "gpt-5.6-sol",
            "official_status": "non_official",
            "prompt_version": "corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "provider": "codex_subscription",
            "records": 109,
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    "concepts": [
        {
            "id": "dream_work",
            "label": "Dream-work"
        },
        {
            "id": "joke_work",
            "label": "Joke-work"
        },
        {
            "id": "pleasure_principle",
            "label": "Pleasure principle"
        },
        {
            "id": "poverty_wealth",
            "label": "Poverty and wealth"
        },
        {
            "id": "psychic_determinism",
            "label": "Psychic determinism"
        },
        {
            "id": "repetition_compulsion",
            "label": "Repetition compulsion"
        },
        {
            "id": "repression",
            "label": "Repression"
        },
        {
            "id": "sin",
            "label": "Sin"
        },
        {
            "id": "unconscious_conflict",
            "label": "Unconscious conflict"
        },
        {
            "id": "war_and_peace",
            "label": "War and peace"
        },
        {
            "id": "wisdom",
            "label": "Wisdom"
        },
        {
            "id": "wish_fulfilment",
            "label": "Wish-fulfilment"
        }
    ],
    "source_work_ids": [
        "freud.drei_abhandlungen"
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    "passages": 109,
    "word_count": 35693,
    "word_counts_by_language": {
        "de": 31974,
        "en": 35693,
        "fr": 36701
    },
    "editorial_status": "gpt_5_6_semantic_draft_v1",
    "structure": {
        "citation_scheme": "source-section-v1",
        "kind": "native",
        "levels": [
            {
                "key": "section",
                "label_fr": "Section",
                "label_en": "Section"
            }
        ],
        "leaf_fr": "Section",
        "leaf_en": "Section"
    },
    "canonical_passage_id": "passage:freud.drei_abhandlungen:section-0060",
    "canonical_ref": "section-0060",
    "canonical_parent_ref": null,
    "canonical_parent_id": null,
    "representations": [
        {
            "language": "de",
            "text": "III. Die Umgestaltungen der Pubertät.\n\nMit dem Eintritt der Pubertät setzen die Wandlungen ein, welche das infantile Sexualleben in seine endgültige normale Gestaltung überführen sollen. Der Sexualtrieb war bisher vorwiegend autoerotisch, er findet nun das Sexualobjekt. Er betätigte sich bisher von einzelnen Trieben und erogenen Zonen aus, die unabhängig voneinander eine gewisse Lust als einziges Sexualziel suchten. Nun wird ein neues Sexualziel gegeben, zu dessen Erreichung alle Partialtriebe zusammenwirken, während die erogenen Zonen sich dem Primat der Genitalzone unterordnen (60) . Da das neue Sexualziel den beiden Geschlechtern sehr verschiedene Funktionen anweist, geht deren Sexualentwicklung nun weit auseinander. Die des Mannes ist die konsequentere, auch unserem Verständnis leichter zugängliche, während beim Weibe sogar eine Art Rückbildung auftritt. Die Normalität des Geschlechtslebens wird nur durch das exakte Zusammentreffen der beiden auf Sexualobjekt und Sexualziel gerichteten Strömungen, der zärtlichen und der sinnlichen, gewährleistet, von denen die erstere in sich faßt, was von der infantilen Frühblüte der Sexualität erübrigt. Es ist wie der Durchschlag eines Tunnels von beiden Seiten her.\n\nDas neue Sexualziel besteht beim Manne in der Entladung der Geschlechtsprodukte; es ist dem früheren, der Erreichung von Lust keineswegs fremd, vielmehr ist der höchste Betrag von Lust an diesen Endakt des Sexualvorganges geknüpft. Der Sexualtrieb stellt sich jetzt in den Dienst der Fortpflanzungsfunktion; er wird sozusagen altruistisch. Soll diese Umwandlung gelingen, so muß beim Vorgang derselben mit den ursprünglichen Anlagen und allen Eigentümlichkeiten des Triebes gerechnet werden.\n\nWie bei jeder anderen Gelegenheit, wo im Organismus neue Verknüpfungen und Zusammensetzungen zu komplizierten Mechanismen stattfinden sollen, ist auch hier die Gelegenheit zu krankhaften Störungen durch Unterbleiben dieser Neuordnungen gegeben. Alle krankhaften Störungen des Geschlechtslebens sind mit gutem Rechte als Entwicklungshemmungen zu betrachten.",
            "source_id": "project-gutenberg-39938",
            "translation_type": "original_language"
        },
        {
            "language": "en",
            "text": "III. The Transformations of Puberty.\n\nWith the onset of puberty, the changes begin that are intended to lead infantile sexual life into its final normal form. Until now, the sexual instinct was predominantly autoerotic; it now finds the sexual object. Until now, it operated through individual instincts and erogenous zones which, independently of one another, sought a certain pleasure as their sole sexual aim. A new sexual aim is now established, and all the component instincts cooperate in attaining it, while the erogenous zones subordinate themselves to the primacy of the genital zone (60). Since the new sexual aim assigns very different functions to the two sexes, their sexual development now diverges widely. That of the man is more consistent and also more readily accessible to our understanding, while in the woman even a kind of regression occurs. The normality of sexual life is assured only by the exact convergence of the two currents directed toward the sexual object and the sexual aim, the affectionate and the sensual, of which the former contains within it what remains of the early infantile flowering of sexuality. It is like driving a tunnel through from both sides.\n\nIn the man, the new sexual aim consists in the discharge of the sexual products. It is by no means alien to the earlier aim of attaining pleasure; rather, the greatest amount of pleasure is attached to this final act of the sexual process. The sexual instinct now places itself at the service of the reproductive function; it becomes, so to speak, altruistic. If this transformation is to succeed, the original dispositions and all the peculiarities of the instinct must be taken into account in the course of it.\n\nAs on every other occasion when new connections and combinations are to be formed into complicated mechanisms within the organism, there is also here an opportunity for pathological disturbances if these rearrangements fail to occur. All pathological disturbances of sexual life may rightly be regarded as inhibitions of development.",
            "translator": "Codex gpt-5.6-sol",
            "edition": "Prokopton42 non-official AI translation, 2026-09-14",
            "source_id": "prokopton42-codex-translation:gpt-5.6-sol:corpus-passage-translation-v1",
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            "official_status": "non_official",
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        },
        {
            "language": "fr",
            "text": "III. Les transformations de la puberté.\n\nAvec l’entrée dans la puberté commencent les transformations destinées à conduire la vie sexuelle infantile à sa configuration normale définitive. Jusqu’ici, la pulsion sexuelle était principalement autoérotique; elle trouve maintenant l’objet sexuel. Elle s’exerçait jusqu’alors à partir de pulsions isolées et de zones érogènes qui, indépendamment les unes des autres, recherchaient un certain plaisir comme unique but sexuel. Un nouveau but sexuel est désormais donné, à la réalisation duquel toutes les pulsions partielles concourent, tandis que les zones érogènes se subordonnent au primat de la zone génitale (60). Comme le nouveau but sexuel assigne aux deux sexes des fonctions très différentes, leur développement sexuel diverge désormais fortement. Celui de l’homme est plus conséquent et aussi plus aisément accessible à notre compréhension, tandis que chez la femme se produit même une sorte de régression. La normalité de la vie sexuelle n’est garantie que par la convergence exacte des deux courants dirigés vers l’objet sexuel et le but sexuel, le tendre et le sensuel, dont le premier rassemble ce qui subsiste de la floraison précoce de la sexualité infantile. C’est comme le percement d’un tunnel entrepris des deux côtés.\n\nChez l’homme, le nouveau but sexuel consiste dans l’évacuation des produits génitaux; il n’est nullement étranger au but antérieur, l’obtention du plaisir. Au contraire, la quantité maximale de plaisir est liée à cet acte terminal du processus sexuel. La pulsion sexuelle se met maintenant au service de la fonction de reproduction; elle devient pour ainsi dire altruiste. Pour que cette transformation réussisse, il faut que son déroulement tienne compte des dispositions originelles et de toutes les particularités de la pulsion.\n\nComme en toute autre occasion où de nouvelles liaisons et combinaisons doivent s’établir dans l’organisme pour former des mécanismes complexes, l’échec de ces réorganisations ouvre ici encore la possibilité de troubles pathologiques. Tous les troubles pathologiques de la vie sexuelle peuvent à juste titre être considérés comme des inhibitions du développement.",
            "translator": "Codex gpt-5.6-sol",
            "edition": "Prokopton42 non-official AI translation, 2026-09-14",
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}