{
    "schema": "prokopton42-public-passage-v1",
    "id": "freud.traumdeutung",
    "canonical_url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/works/freud/traumdeutung/reference-section-0051/",
    "language": "en",
    "title": "The Interpretation of Dreams",
    "author": "Sigmund Freud",
    "date": "principal composition, 1898-1899; publication dated 1900",
    "summary": "Freud treats the dream as a constructed psychical formation, not a message decoded through fixed symbols. He follows condensation, displacement, censorship, and wish-fulfilment from the manifest account toward hypothetical latent thoughts.",
    "learning": "Distinguish manifest content from latent thoughts, recognize mechanisms of dream-work, and keep every interpretation at the level of a hypothesis.",
    "long_summary": "The book combines a method of interpretation, dream analyses, an account of dream-work, and a theory of the psychical apparatus. An apparently trivial detail becomes evidence when the dreamer’s associations connect it to conflict or wish.\n\nThis later edition carries revisions accumulated since 1900. The German manifestation is the source; the project’s French and English texts are non-official, paraphrase-only translations. The book supplies a historical framework for inquiry, never a license to diagnose a reader or impose a certain meaning on a dream.",
    "historical_context": "The corpus manifests do not yet establish the precise place and circumstances of composition. The images below document the author’s world or the text’s transmission. They do not claim to show the exact scene of writing.",
    "material_world_label": "World of 1989",
    "material_world": {
        "technology": "Personal computers, satellites, video, industrial robots, and expensive mobile phones exist, but the public Web does not yet.",
        "science": "Computing, genetics, climate science, cosmology, and medical imaging produce growing data and international collaboration.",
        "medicine": "CT, MRI, transplantation, vaccines, and intensive care advance; the AIDS epidemic exposes both medical capacity and its limits.",
        "transport": "Cars, high-speed rail, metros, aircraft, and containers globalize people and goods.",
        "agriculture": "Machinery, chemical inputs, breeding, and cold chains support high yields with increasingly debated social and environmental costs.",
        "communication": "Fixed telephones, fax, television, radio, and newspapers predominate. Email and computer networks remain mainly professional or academic.",
        "clothing": "Loose suits, jeans, trainers, women’s power suits, sportswear, and urban subcultures create highly varied silhouettes."
    },
    "material_world_scenes": [
        {
            "asset": "/assets/timeline/landmarks/30-1989-ce/world-01.webp",
            "title": "Technology, science, and care",
            "description": "Personal computers, satellites, video, industrial robots, and expensive mobile phones exist, but the public Web does not yet. Computing, genetics, climate science, cosmology, and medical imaging produce growing data and international collaboration. CT, MRI, transplantation, vaccines, and intensive care advance; the AIDS epidemic exposes both medical capacity and its limits."
        },
        {
            "asset": "/assets/timeline/landmarks/30-1989-ce/world-02.webp",
            "title": "Travel and communication",
            "description": "Cars, high-speed rail, metros, aircraft, and containers globalize people and goods. Fixed telephones, fax, television, radio, and newspapers predominate. Email and computer networks remain mainly professional or academic."
        },
        {
            "asset": "/assets/timeline/landmarks/30-1989-ce/world-03.webp",
            "title": "Farming and food",
            "description": "Machinery, chemical inputs, breeding, and cold chains support high yields with increasingly debated social and environmental costs."
        },
        {
            "asset": "/assets/timeline/landmarks/30-1989-ce/world-04.webp",
            "title": "Clothing, women and men",
            "description": "Loose suits, jeans, trainers, women’s power suits, sportswear, and urban subcultures create highly varied silhouettes."
        }
    ],
    "intellectual_tradition": {
        "id": "psychology",
        "label": "Psychology and psychoanalysis"
    },
    "period": {
        "id": "contemporary",
        "label": "Contemporary era"
    },
    "languages": [
        "de",
        "en",
        "fr"
    ],
    "manifestations": [
        {
            "coverage": "complete",
            "file": "data/corpus/normalized/freud/traumdeutung/representations/de.ndjson",
            "language": "de",
            "records": 630,
            "role": "complete_author_body",
            "sha256": "8b10b542022eb49dd6f22690e4b58bb0037f99253e555403ce2fb4913aab51da",
            "source_id": "project-gutenberg-40739"
        },
        {
            "coverage": "complete",
            "file": "data/corpus/normalized/freud/traumdeutung/representations/ai-generated/en-gpt-5-6-sol-corpus-passage-translation-v1.ndjson",
            "generated_on": "2026-09-14",
            "language": "en",
            "model": "gpt-5.6-sol",
            "official_status": "non_official",
            "prompt_version": "corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "provider": "codex_subscription",
            "records": 630,
            "role": "ai_generated_translation_non_official",
            "sha256": "89db6f18fea0bf3b7ebdaccececdcf20b6e91e84e182db74d338f3e7ce3617a7",
            "source_id": "prokopton42-codex-translation:gpt-5.6-sol:corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "translation_type": "ai_generated_translation"
        },
        {
            "coverage": "complete",
            "file": "data/corpus/normalized/freud/traumdeutung/representations/ai-generated/fr-gpt-5-6-sol-corpus-passage-translation-v1.ndjson",
            "generated_on": "2026-09-14",
            "language": "fr",
            "model": "gpt-5.6-sol",
            "official_status": "non_official",
            "prompt_version": "corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "provider": "codex_subscription",
            "records": 630,
            "role": "ai_generated_translation_non_official",
            "sha256": "9f057682c23879bef27a0065f8b72c289c2523ac210f58553774a07967bbeffb",
            "source_id": "prokopton42-codex-translation:gpt-5.6-sol:corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "translation_type": "ai_generated_translation"
        }
    ],
    "concepts": [
        {
            "id": "anger",
            "label": "Anger"
        },
        {
            "id": "care_of_soul",
            "label": "Care of the soul"
        },
        {
            "id": "dream_work",
            "label": "Dream-work"
        },
        {
            "id": "family",
            "label": "Family"
        },
        {
            "id": "joke_work",
            "label": "Joke-work"
        },
        {
            "id": "mindfulness",
            "label": "Mindfulness"
        },
        {
            "id": "pleasure_principle",
            "label": "Pleasure principle"
        },
        {
            "id": "psychic_determinism",
            "label": "Psychic determinism"
        },
        {
            "id": "repetition_compulsion",
            "label": "Repetition compulsion"
        },
        {
            "id": "repression",
            "label": "Repression"
        },
        {
            "id": "sin",
            "label": "Sin"
        },
        {
            "id": "unconscious_conflict",
            "label": "Unconscious conflict"
        },
        {
            "id": "wish_fulfilment",
            "label": "Wish-fulfilment"
        }
    ],
    "source_work_ids": [
        "freud.traumdeutung"
    ],
    "passages": 630,
    "word_count": 225891,
    "word_counts_by_language": {
        "de": 211095,
        "en": 225891,
        "fr": 236110
    },
    "editorial_status": "gpt_5_6_semantic_draft_v1",
    "structure": {
        "citation_scheme": "source-section-v1",
        "kind": "native",
        "levels": [
            {
                "key": "section",
                "label_fr": "Section",
                "label_en": "Section"
            }
        ],
        "leaf_fr": "Section",
        "leaf_en": "Section"
    },
    "canonical_passage_id": "passage:freud.traumdeutung:section-0051",
    "canonical_ref": "section-0051",
    "canonical_parent_ref": null,
    "canonical_parent_id": null,
    "representations": [
        {
            "language": "de",
            "text": "Wird so die Abwendung von der Außenwelt zu dem bestimmenden Moment für die Ausprägung der auffälligsten Charaktere des Traumlebens erhoben, so verlohnt es sich, einige feinsinnige Bemerkungen des alten Burdach anzuführen, welche auf die Beziehung der schlafenden Seele zur Außenwelt Licht werfen und dazu angetan sind, vor einer Überschätzung der vorstehenden Ableitungen zurückzuhalten. »Der Schlaf erfolgt nur unter der Bedingung,« sagt Burdach , »daß die Seele nicht von Sinnesreizen angeregt wird, . . . aber es ist nicht sowohl der Mangel an Sinnesreizen die Bedingung des Schlafes, als vielmehr der Mangel an Interesse dafür (15) ; mancher sinnliche Eindruck ist selbst notwendig, insofern er zur Beruhigung der Seele dient, wie denn der Müller nur dann schläft, wenn er das Klappern seiner Mühle hört, und der, welcher aus Vorsicht ein Nachtlicht zu brennen für nötig hält, im Dunkeln nicht einschlafen kann« (p. 457).\n\n»Die Seele isoliert sich im Schlafe gegen die Außenwelt und zieht sich von der Peripherie . . . zurück . . . . Indes ist der Zusammenhang nicht ganz unterbrochen: wenn man nicht im Schlafe selbst, sondern erst nach dem Erwachen hörte und fühlte, so könnte man überhaupt nicht geweckt werden. Noch mehr wird die Fortdauer der Sensation dadurch bewiesen, daß man nicht immer durch die bloß sinnliche Stärke eines Eindruckes, sondern durch die psychische Beziehung desselben geweckt wird; ein gleichgültiges Wort weckt den Schlafenden nicht, ruft man ihn aber beim Namen, so erwacht er, . . . die Seele unterscheidet also im Schlafe zwischen den Sensationen . . . Daher kann man denn auch durch den Mangel eines Sinnesreizes, wenn dieser sich auf eine für die Vorstellung wichtige Sache bezieht, geweckt werden; so erwacht man vom Auslöschen eines Nachtlichtes und der Müller vom Stillstand seiner Mühle, also vom Aufhören der Sinnestätigkeit, und dies setzt voraus, daß diese perzipiert worden ist, aber als gleichgültig oder vielmehr befriedigend die Seele nicht aufgestört hat« (p. 460 u. ff.).\n\nWenn wir selbst von diesen nicht gering zu schätzenden Einwendungen absehen wollen, so müssen wir doch zugestehen, daß die bisher gewürdigten und aus der Abkehrung von der Außenwelt abgeleiteten Eigenschaften des Traumlebens die Fremdartigkeit desselben nicht voll zu decken vermögen. Denn im anderen Falle müßte es möglich sein, die Halluzinationen des Traumes in Vorstellungen, die Situationen des Traumes in Gedanken zurückzuverwandeln und damit die Aufgabe der Traumdeutung zu lösen. Nun verfahren wir nicht anders, wenn wir nach dem Erwachen den Traum aus der Erinnerung reproduzieren, und ob uns diese Rückübersetzung ganz oder nur teilweise gelingt, der Traum behält seine Rätselhaftigkeit unverringert bei.",
            "source_id": "project-gutenberg-40739",
            "translation_type": "original_language"
        },
        {
            "language": "en",
            "text": "If turning away from the external world is thus elevated into the determining factor in the development of the most striking characteristics of dream-life, it is worth citing some subtle observations by the old Burdach, which shed light on the relation of the sleeping mind to the external world and are well suited to restraining us from overestimating the foregoing deductions. “Sleep occurs only on condition,” says Burdach, “that the mind is not stimulated by sensory excitations, . . . but the condition of sleep is not so much the absence of sensory excitations as the absence of interest in them (15); some sensory impression is itself necessary insofar as it serves to soothe the mind, just as the miller sleeps only when he hears the clatter of his mill, while a person who considers it necessary, as a precaution, to keep a night-light burning cannot fall asleep in the dark” (p. 457).\n\n“In sleep the mind isolates itself from the external world and withdraws from the periphery . . . Nevertheless, the connection is not entirely interrupted: if one heard and felt not during sleep itself but only after awakening, one could not be awakened at all. The persistence of sensation is proved even more clearly by the fact that one is not always awakened by the merely sensory strength of an impression, but by its psychical relation; an indifferent word does not awaken the sleeper, but if he is called by name, he awakens, . . . thus the mind distinguishes between sensations during sleep . . . Hence one may also be awakened by the absence of a sensory excitation if it relates to something important for ideation; thus one awakens when a night-light goes out, and the miller when his mill stops, that is, through the cessation of sensory activity. This presupposes that the activity was perceived, but that, as something indifferent or rather satisfying, it did not disturb the mind” (p. 460 ff.).\n\nEven if we choose to disregard these objections, which are by no means negligible, we must still admit that the characteristics of dream-life considered thus far and derived from the turning away from the external world cannot fully account for its strangeness. Otherwise it would have to be possible to transform the hallucinations of dreams back into presentations and their situations back into thoughts, and thus solve the task of dream-interpretation. Now we do nothing else when, after awakening, we reproduce the dream from memory, yet whether we succeed wholly or only partly in this reverse translation, the dream retains its enigmatic character undiminished.",
            "translator": "Codex gpt-5.6-sol",
            "edition": "Prokopton42 non-official AI translation, 2026-09-14",
            "source_id": "prokopton42-codex-translation:gpt-5.6-sol:corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "translation_type": "ai_generated_translation",
            "official_status": "non_official",
            "generation_model": "gpt-5.6-sol"
        },
        {
            "language": "fr",
            "text": "Si le détournement du monde extérieur est ainsi élevé au rang de facteur déterminant dans la formation des caractères les plus frappants de la vie onirique, il vaut la peine de citer quelques remarques pénétrantes du vieux Burdach, qui éclairent la relation de l’âme endormie avec le monde extérieur et sont propres à nous retenir de surestimer les déductions précédentes. « Le sommeil ne se produit qu’à la condition, dit Burdach, que l’âme ne soit pas stimulée par des excitations sensorielles... ; mais ce n’est pas tant l’absence d’excitations sensorielles qui constitue la condition du sommeil que l’absence d’intérêt à leur égard (15). Certaines impressions sensibles sont même nécessaires dans la mesure où elles servent à apaiser l’âme. Ainsi, le meunier ne dort que lorsqu’il entend le claquement de son moulin, et celui qui, par prudence, juge nécessaire de laisser brûler une veilleuse ne peut s’endormir dans l’obscurité » (p. 457).\n\n« Dans le sommeil, l’âme s’isole du monde extérieur et se retire de la périphérie... Cependant, la liaison n’est pas entièrement interrompue. Si l’on n’entendait et ne sentait pas pendant le sommeil même, mais seulement après le réveil, on ne pourrait absolument pas être réveillé. La persistance de la sensation est plus nettement prouvée encore par le fait que l’on n’est pas toujours réveillé par la seule intensité sensorielle d’une impression, mais par la relation psychique de celle-ci. Un mot indifférent ne réveille pas le dormeur, mais si on l’appelle par son nom, il se réveille... L’âme distingue donc entre les sensations pendant le sommeil... C’est pourquoi on peut aussi être réveillé par l’absence d’une excitation sensorielle lorsque celle-ci se rapporte à une chose importante pour la représentation. Ainsi, on se réveille lorsque s’éteint une veilleuse, et le meunier lorsque son moulin s’arrête, donc lorsque cesse l’activité sensorielle. Cela suppose que cette activité a été perçue, mais qu’elle n’a pas troublé l’âme parce qu’elle était indifférente ou plutôt satisfaisante » (p. 460 et suiv.).\n\nMême si nous voulions faire abstraction de ces objections, qui sont loin d’être négligeables, nous devrions néanmoins reconnaître que les propriétés de la vie onirique examinées jusqu’ici et déduites du détournement du monde extérieur ne suffisent pas à rendre pleinement compte de son étrangeté. Autrement, il devrait être possible de retransformer les hallucinations du rêve en représentations, les situations du rêve en pensées, et de résoudre ainsi la tâche de l’interprétation des rêves. Or nous ne procédons pas autrement lorsque, après le réveil, nous reproduisons le rêve de mémoire, et que cette rétrotraduction nous réussisse entièrement ou seulement en partie, le rêve conserve intact son caractère énigmatique.",
            "translator": "Codex gpt-5.6-sol",
            "edition": "Prokopton42 non-official AI translation, 2026-09-14",
            "source_id": "prokopton42-codex-translation:gpt-5.6-sol:corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "translation_type": "ai_generated_translation",
            "official_status": "non_official",
            "generation_model": "gpt-5.6-sol"
        }
    ],
    "content_checksum": "2fec1a23a0b146cbc3b71e789fc20dc2530e8637fb9ddee697de571a04c1e155"
}