{
    "schema": "prokopton42-public-passage-v1",
    "id": "freud.traumdeutung",
    "canonical_url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/works/freud/traumdeutung/reference-section-0137/",
    "language": "en",
    "title": "The Interpretation of Dreams",
    "author": "Sigmund Freud",
    "date": "principal composition, 1898-1899; publication dated 1900",
    "summary": "Freud treats the dream as a constructed psychical formation, not a message decoded through fixed symbols. He follows condensation, displacement, censorship, and wish-fulfilment from the manifest account toward hypothetical latent thoughts.",
    "learning": "Distinguish manifest content from latent thoughts, recognize mechanisms of dream-work, and keep every interpretation at the level of a hypothesis.",
    "long_summary": "The book combines a method of interpretation, dream analyses, an account of dream-work, and a theory of the psychical apparatus. An apparently trivial detail becomes evidence when the dreamer’s associations connect it to conflict or wish.\n\nThis later edition carries revisions accumulated since 1900. The German manifestation is the source; the project’s French and English texts are non-official, paraphrase-only translations. The book supplies a historical framework for inquiry, never a license to diagnose a reader or impose a certain meaning on a dream.",
    "historical_context": "The corpus manifests do not yet establish the precise place and circumstances of composition. The images below document the author’s world or the text’s transmission. They do not claim to show the exact scene of writing.",
    "material_world_label": "World of 1989",
    "material_world": {
        "technology": "Personal computers, satellites, video, industrial robots, and expensive mobile phones exist, but the public Web does not yet.",
        "science": "Computing, genetics, climate science, cosmology, and medical imaging produce growing data and international collaboration.",
        "medicine": "CT, MRI, transplantation, vaccines, and intensive care advance; the AIDS epidemic exposes both medical capacity and its limits.",
        "transport": "Cars, high-speed rail, metros, aircraft, and containers globalize people and goods.",
        "agriculture": "Machinery, chemical inputs, breeding, and cold chains support high yields with increasingly debated social and environmental costs.",
        "communication": "Fixed telephones, fax, television, radio, and newspapers predominate. Email and computer networks remain mainly professional or academic.",
        "clothing": "Loose suits, jeans, trainers, women’s power suits, sportswear, and urban subcultures create highly varied silhouettes."
    },
    "material_world_scenes": [
        {
            "asset": "/assets/timeline/landmarks/30-1989-ce/world-01.webp",
            "title": "Technology, science, and care",
            "description": "Personal computers, satellites, video, industrial robots, and expensive mobile phones exist, but the public Web does not yet. Computing, genetics, climate science, cosmology, and medical imaging produce growing data and international collaboration. CT, MRI, transplantation, vaccines, and intensive care advance; the AIDS epidemic exposes both medical capacity and its limits."
        },
        {
            "asset": "/assets/timeline/landmarks/30-1989-ce/world-02.webp",
            "title": "Travel and communication",
            "description": "Cars, high-speed rail, metros, aircraft, and containers globalize people and goods. Fixed telephones, fax, television, radio, and newspapers predominate. Email and computer networks remain mainly professional or academic."
        },
        {
            "asset": "/assets/timeline/landmarks/30-1989-ce/world-03.webp",
            "title": "Farming and food",
            "description": "Machinery, chemical inputs, breeding, and cold chains support high yields with increasingly debated social and environmental costs."
        },
        {
            "asset": "/assets/timeline/landmarks/30-1989-ce/world-04.webp",
            "title": "Clothing, women and men",
            "description": "Loose suits, jeans, trainers, women’s power suits, sportswear, and urban subcultures create highly varied silhouettes."
        }
    ],
    "intellectual_tradition": {
        "id": "psychology",
        "label": "Psychology and psychoanalysis"
    },
    "period": {
        "id": "contemporary",
        "label": "Contemporary era"
    },
    "languages": [
        "de",
        "en",
        "fr"
    ],
    "manifestations": [
        {
            "coverage": "complete",
            "file": "data/corpus/normalized/freud/traumdeutung/representations/de.ndjson",
            "language": "de",
            "records": 630,
            "role": "complete_author_body",
            "sha256": "8b10b542022eb49dd6f22690e4b58bb0037f99253e555403ce2fb4913aab51da",
            "source_id": "project-gutenberg-40739"
        },
        {
            "coverage": "complete",
            "file": "data/corpus/normalized/freud/traumdeutung/representations/ai-generated/en-gpt-5-6-sol-corpus-passage-translation-v1.ndjson",
            "generated_on": "2026-09-14",
            "language": "en",
            "model": "gpt-5.6-sol",
            "official_status": "non_official",
            "prompt_version": "corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "provider": "codex_subscription",
            "records": 630,
            "role": "ai_generated_translation_non_official",
            "sha256": "89db6f18fea0bf3b7ebdaccececdcf20b6e91e84e182db74d338f3e7ce3617a7",
            "source_id": "prokopton42-codex-translation:gpt-5.6-sol:corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "translation_type": "ai_generated_translation"
        },
        {
            "coverage": "complete",
            "file": "data/corpus/normalized/freud/traumdeutung/representations/ai-generated/fr-gpt-5-6-sol-corpus-passage-translation-v1.ndjson",
            "generated_on": "2026-09-14",
            "language": "fr",
            "model": "gpt-5.6-sol",
            "official_status": "non_official",
            "prompt_version": "corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "provider": "codex_subscription",
            "records": 630,
            "role": "ai_generated_translation_non_official",
            "sha256": "9f057682c23879bef27a0065f8b72c289c2523ac210f58553774a07967bbeffb",
            "source_id": "prokopton42-codex-translation:gpt-5.6-sol:corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "translation_type": "ai_generated_translation"
        }
    ],
    "concepts": [
        {
            "id": "care_of_soul",
            "label": "Care of the soul"
        },
        {
            "id": "compassion_as_moral_basis",
            "label": "Compassion as moral basis"
        },
        {
            "id": "dream_work",
            "label": "Dream-work"
        },
        {
            "id": "family",
            "label": "Family"
        },
        {
            "id": "joke_work",
            "label": "Joke-work"
        },
        {
            "id": "pleasure_principle",
            "label": "Pleasure principle"
        },
        {
            "id": "poverty_wealth",
            "label": "Poverty and wealth"
        },
        {
            "id": "psychic_determinism",
            "label": "Psychic determinism"
        },
        {
            "id": "repetition_compulsion",
            "label": "Repetition compulsion"
        },
        {
            "id": "repression",
            "label": "Repression"
        },
        {
            "id": "sin",
            "label": "Sin"
        },
        {
            "id": "terrain_and_position",
            "label": "Terrain and position"
        },
        {
            "id": "unconscious_conflict",
            "label": "Unconscious conflict"
        },
        {
            "id": "war_and_peace",
            "label": "War and peace"
        },
        {
            "id": "wish_fulfilment",
            "label": "Wish-fulfilment"
        }
    ],
    "source_work_ids": [
        "freud.traumdeutung"
    ],
    "passages": 630,
    "word_count": 225891,
    "word_counts_by_language": {
        "de": 211095,
        "en": 225891,
        "fr": 236110
    },
    "editorial_status": "gpt_5_6_semantic_draft_v1",
    "structure": {
        "citation_scheme": "source-section-v1",
        "kind": "native",
        "levels": [
            {
                "key": "section",
                "label_fr": "Section",
                "label_en": "Section"
            }
        ],
        "leaf_fr": "Section",
        "leaf_en": "Section"
    },
    "canonical_passage_id": "passage:freud.traumdeutung:section-0137",
    "canonical_ref": "section-0137",
    "canonical_parent_ref": null,
    "canonical_parent_id": null,
    "representations": [
        {
            "language": "de",
            "text": "Die hysterische Identifizierung.\n\nIch meine, dies hat sie wirklich getan, und als Anzeichen dieser Identifizierung hat sie sich den versagten Wunsch im Realen geschaffen. Was hat aber die hysterische Identifizierung für Sinn? Das aufzuklären bedarf einer eingehenden Darstellung. Die Identifizierung ist ein für den Mechanismus der hysterischen Symptome höchst wichtiges Moment; auf diesem Wege bringen es die Kranken zu stande, die Erlebnisse einer großen Reihe von Personen, nicht nur die eigenen, in ihren Symptomen auszudrücken, gleichsam für einen ganzen Menschenhaufen zu leiden und alle Rollen eines Schauspieles allein mit ihren persönlichen Mitteln darzustellen. Man wird mir einwenden, das sei die bekannte hysterische Imitation, die Fähigkeit Hysterischer, alle Symptome, die ihnen bei anderen Eindruck machen, nachzuahmen, gleichsam ein zur Reproduktion gesteigertes Mitleiden. Damit ist aber nur der Weg bezeichnet, auf dem der psychische Vorgang bei der hysterischen Imitation abläuft; etwas anderes ist der Weg und der seelische Akt, der diesen Weg geht. Letzterer ist um ein Geringes komplizierter, als man sich die Imitation der Hysterischen vorzustellen liebt; er entspricht einem unbewußten Schlußprozeß, wie ein Beispiel klarstellen wird. Der Arzt, welcher eine Kranke mit einer bestimmten Art von Zuckungen unter anderen Kranken auf demselben Zimmer im Krankenhause hat, zeigt sich nicht erstaunt, wenn er eines Morgens erfährt, daß dieser besondere hysterische Anfall Nachahmung gefunden hat. Er sagt sich einfach: Die anderen haben ihn gesehen und nachgemacht; das ist psychische Infektion. Ja, aber die psychische Infektion geht etwa auf folgende Weise zu. Die Kranken wissen in der Regel mehr voneinander als der Arzt über jede von ihnen, und sie kümmern sich umeinander, wenn die ärztliche Visite vorüber ist. Die eine bekomme heute ihren Anfall; es wird alsbald den anderen bekannt, daß ein Brief vom Hause, Auffrischung des Liebeskummers und dergleichen davon die Ursache ist. Ihr Mitgefühl wird rege, es vollzieht sich in ihnen folgender, nicht zum Bewußtsein gelangender Schluß: Wenn man von solcher Ursache solche Anfälle haben kann, so kann ich auch solche Anfälle bekommen, denn ich habe dieselben Anlässe. Wäre dies ein des Bewußtseins fähiger Schluß, so würde er vielleicht in die Angst ausmünden, den gleichen Anfall zu bekommen; er vollzieht sich aber auf einem anderen psychischen Terrain, endet daher in der Realisierung des gefürchteten Symptoms. Die Identifizierung ist also nicht simple Imitation, sondern Aneignung auf Grund des gleichen ätiologischen Anspruches; sie drückt ein »gleichwie« aus und bezieht sich auf ein im Unbewußten verbleibendes Gemeinsames.",
            "source_id": "project-gutenberg-40739",
            "translation_type": "original_language"
        },
        {
            "language": "en",
            "text": "Hysterical identification.\n\nI believe that this is what she has actually done, and as a sign of this identification she has created the unfulfilled wish in reality. But what is the meaning of hysterical identification? To elucidate it requires a detailed account. Identification is a factor of the greatest importance in the mechanism of hysterical symptoms. By this means patients succeed in expressing through their symptoms the experiences of a large number of people, and not merely their own, as though suffering on behalf of an entire crowd and acting all the parts in a play with their own personal resources alone. It will be objected that this is the familiar hysterical imitation, the capacity of hysterical patients to imitate all the symptoms in others that make an impression upon them, as though it were sympathy intensified to the point of reproduction. But this indicates only the path along which the psychical process in hysterical imitation proceeds. The path is one thing, and the mental act that travels along it is another. The latter is slightly more complicated than we like to imagine hysterical imitation to be; it corresponds to an unconscious process of inference, as an example will make clear. A physician who has a patient with a particular kind of convulsion among other patients in the same hospital room is not surprised when he learns one morning that this particular hysterical attack has been imitated. He simply tells himself: the others saw it and copied it; this is psychical infection. Yes, but psychical infection takes place somewhat as follows. As a rule, the patients know more about one another than the physician knows about any one of them, and they concern themselves with one another after the physician’s rounds are over. One of them has her attack today; it soon becomes known to the others that its cause was a letter from home, a revival of lovesickness, or something of that sort. Their sympathy is aroused, and the following inference, which does not enter consciousness, takes place within them: “If such a cause can produce such attacks, I too can have such attacks, for I have the same grounds.” If this were an inference capable of becoming conscious, it might perhaps culminate in fear of having the same attack. But it occurs on a different psychical terrain and therefore ends in the realization of the feared symptom. Identification is thus not simple imitation, but appropriation based upon the same etiological claim. It expresses an “as if” and relates to something shared that remains in the unconscious.",
            "translator": "Codex gpt-5.6-sol",
            "edition": "Prokopton42 non-official AI translation, 2026-09-14",
            "source_id": "prokopton42-codex-translation:gpt-5.6-sol:corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "translation_type": "ai_generated_translation",
            "official_status": "non_official",
            "generation_model": "gpt-5.6-sol"
        },
        {
            "language": "fr",
            "text": "L’identification hystérique.\n\nJe pense qu’elle l’a réellement fait et que, comme signe de cette identification, elle s’est créé dans la réalité le souhait refusé. Mais quel est le sens de l’identification hystérique ? Son élucidation exige un exposé détaillé. L’identification est un facteur de la plus haute importance pour le mécanisme des symptômes hystériques ; c’est par cette voie que les malades parviennent à exprimer dans leurs symptômes les expériences d’un grand nombre de personnes, et non pas seulement les leurs, à souffrir pour ainsi dire au nom de toute une foule et à jouer seuls, avec leurs moyens personnels, tous les rôles d’une pièce. On m’objectera qu’il s’agit là de l’imitation hystérique bien connue, de l’aptitude des hystériques à reproduire tous les symptômes observés chez autrui qui les impressionnent, comme une compassion poussée jusqu’à la reproduction. Mais cela ne désigne que la voie par laquelle se déroule le processus psychique dans l’imitation hystérique ; la voie est une chose, l’acte psychique qui l’emprunte en est une autre. Ce dernier est un peu plus compliqué qu’on ne se plaît à se représenter l’imitation des hystériques ; il correspond à un processus de déduction inconscient, comme un exemple va le montrer clairement. Le médecin qui, dans une chambre d’hôpital, a parmi d’autres malades une patiente atteinte d’une certaine sorte de convulsions ne s’étonne pas lorsqu’il apprend, un matin, que cette crise hystérique particulière a été imitée. Il se dit simplement : les autres l’ont vue et l’ont reproduite ; c’est une contagion psychique. Oui, mais la contagion psychique s’effectue à peu près de la manière suivante. En règle générale, les malades en savent davantage les unes sur les autres que le médecin n’en sait sur chacune d’elles, et elles s’occupent les unes des autres une fois la visite médicale terminée. Que l’une d’elles ait aujourd’hui sa crise, et les autres apprennent bientôt qu’une lettre reçue de chez elle, le réveil d’un chagrin d’amour ou quelque chose de semblable en est la cause. Leur compassion s’éveille, et le raisonnement suivant, qui n’accède pas à la conscience, s’accomplit en elles : si une telle cause peut provoquer de telles crises, je peux moi aussi avoir de telles crises, car j’ai les mêmes motifs. Si ce raisonnement était susceptible de devenir conscient, il aboutirait peut-être à la crainte d’avoir la même crise ; mais il s’accomplit sur un autre terrain psychique et se termine donc par la réalisation du symptôme redouté. L’identification n’est donc pas une simple imitation, mais une appropriation fondée sur la même prétention étiologique ; elle exprime un « tout comme » et se rapporte à un élément commun qui demeure dans l’inconscient.",
            "translator": "Codex gpt-5.6-sol",
            "edition": "Prokopton42 non-official AI translation, 2026-09-14",
            "source_id": "prokopton42-codex-translation:gpt-5.6-sol:corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "translation_type": "ai_generated_translation",
            "official_status": "non_official",
            "generation_model": "gpt-5.6-sol"
        }
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}