{
    "schema": "prokopton42-public-passage-v1",
    "id": "freud.traumdeutung",
    "canonical_url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/works/freud/traumdeutung/reference-section-0195/",
    "language": "en",
    "title": "The Interpretation of Dreams",
    "author": "Sigmund Freud",
    "date": "principal composition, 1898-1899; publication dated 1900",
    "summary": "Freud treats the dream as a constructed psychical formation, not a message decoded through fixed symbols. He follows condensation, displacement, censorship, and wish-fulfilment from the manifest account toward hypothetical latent thoughts.",
    "learning": "Distinguish manifest content from latent thoughts, recognize mechanisms of dream-work, and keep every interpretation at the level of a hypothesis.",
    "long_summary": "The book combines a method of interpretation, dream analyses, an account of dream-work, and a theory of the psychical apparatus. An apparently trivial detail becomes evidence when the dreamer’s associations connect it to conflict or wish.\n\nThis later edition carries revisions accumulated since 1900. The German manifestation is the source; the project’s French and English texts are non-official, paraphrase-only translations. The book supplies a historical framework for inquiry, never a license to diagnose a reader or impose a certain meaning on a dream.",
    "historical_context": "The corpus manifests do not yet establish the precise place and circumstances of composition. The images below document the author’s world or the text’s transmission. They do not claim to show the exact scene of writing.",
    "material_world_label": "World of 1989",
    "material_world": {
        "technology": "Personal computers, satellites, video, industrial robots, and expensive mobile phones exist, but the public Web does not yet.",
        "science": "Computing, genetics, climate science, cosmology, and medical imaging produce growing data and international collaboration.",
        "medicine": "CT, MRI, transplantation, vaccines, and intensive care advance; the AIDS epidemic exposes both medical capacity and its limits.",
        "transport": "Cars, high-speed rail, metros, aircraft, and containers globalize people and goods.",
        "agriculture": "Machinery, chemical inputs, breeding, and cold chains support high yields with increasingly debated social and environmental costs.",
        "communication": "Fixed telephones, fax, television, radio, and newspapers predominate. Email and computer networks remain mainly professional or academic.",
        "clothing": "Loose suits, jeans, trainers, women’s power suits, sportswear, and urban subcultures create highly varied silhouettes."
    },
    "material_world_scenes": [
        {
            "asset": "/assets/timeline/landmarks/30-1989-ce/world-01.webp",
            "title": "Technology, science, and care",
            "description": "Personal computers, satellites, video, industrial robots, and expensive mobile phones exist, but the public Web does not yet. Computing, genetics, climate science, cosmology, and medical imaging produce growing data and international collaboration. CT, MRI, transplantation, vaccines, and intensive care advance; the AIDS epidemic exposes both medical capacity and its limits."
        },
        {
            "asset": "/assets/timeline/landmarks/30-1989-ce/world-02.webp",
            "title": "Travel and communication",
            "description": "Cars, high-speed rail, metros, aircraft, and containers globalize people and goods. Fixed telephones, fax, television, radio, and newspapers predominate. Email and computer networks remain mainly professional or academic."
        },
        {
            "asset": "/assets/timeline/landmarks/30-1989-ce/world-03.webp",
            "title": "Farming and food",
            "description": "Machinery, chemical inputs, breeding, and cold chains support high yields with increasingly debated social and environmental costs."
        },
        {
            "asset": "/assets/timeline/landmarks/30-1989-ce/world-04.webp",
            "title": "Clothing, women and men",
            "description": "Loose suits, jeans, trainers, women’s power suits, sportswear, and urban subcultures create highly varied silhouettes."
        }
    ],
    "intellectual_tradition": {
        "id": "psychology",
        "label": "Psychology and psychoanalysis"
    },
    "period": {
        "id": "contemporary",
        "label": "Contemporary era"
    },
    "languages": [
        "de",
        "en",
        "fr"
    ],
    "manifestations": [
        {
            "coverage": "complete",
            "file": "data/corpus/normalized/freud/traumdeutung/representations/de.ndjson",
            "language": "de",
            "records": 630,
            "role": "complete_author_body",
            "sha256": "8b10b542022eb49dd6f22690e4b58bb0037f99253e555403ce2fb4913aab51da",
            "source_id": "project-gutenberg-40739"
        },
        {
            "coverage": "complete",
            "file": "data/corpus/normalized/freud/traumdeutung/representations/ai-generated/en-gpt-5-6-sol-corpus-passage-translation-v1.ndjson",
            "generated_on": "2026-09-14",
            "language": "en",
            "model": "gpt-5.6-sol",
            "official_status": "non_official",
            "prompt_version": "corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "provider": "codex_subscription",
            "records": 630,
            "role": "ai_generated_translation_non_official",
            "sha256": "89db6f18fea0bf3b7ebdaccececdcf20b6e91e84e182db74d338f3e7ce3617a7",
            "source_id": "prokopton42-codex-translation:gpt-5.6-sol:corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "translation_type": "ai_generated_translation"
        },
        {
            "coverage": "complete",
            "file": "data/corpus/normalized/freud/traumdeutung/representations/ai-generated/fr-gpt-5-6-sol-corpus-passage-translation-v1.ndjson",
            "generated_on": "2026-09-14",
            "language": "fr",
            "model": "gpt-5.6-sol",
            "official_status": "non_official",
            "prompt_version": "corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "provider": "codex_subscription",
            "records": 630,
            "role": "ai_generated_translation_non_official",
            "sha256": "9f057682c23879bef27a0065f8b72c289c2523ac210f58553774a07967bbeffb",
            "source_id": "prokopton42-codex-translation:gpt-5.6-sol:corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "translation_type": "ai_generated_translation"
        }
    ],
    "concepts": [
        {
            "id": "care_of_soul",
            "label": "Care of the soul"
        },
        {
            "id": "dream_work",
            "label": "Dream-work"
        },
        {
            "id": "family",
            "label": "Family"
        },
        {
            "id": "joke_work",
            "label": "Joke-work"
        },
        {
            "id": "law",
            "label": "Law"
        },
        {
            "id": "pleasure_principle",
            "label": "Pleasure principle"
        },
        {
            "id": "psychic_determinism",
            "label": "Psychic determinism"
        },
        {
            "id": "repetition_compulsion",
            "label": "Repetition compulsion"
        },
        {
            "id": "repression",
            "label": "Repression"
        },
        {
            "id": "sin",
            "label": "Sin"
        },
        {
            "id": "unconscious_conflict",
            "label": "Unconscious conflict"
        },
        {
            "id": "wish_fulfilment",
            "label": "Wish-fulfilment"
        }
    ],
    "source_work_ids": [
        "freud.traumdeutung"
    ],
    "passages": 630,
    "word_count": 225891,
    "word_counts_by_language": {
        "de": 211095,
        "en": 225891,
        "fr": 236110
    },
    "editorial_status": "gpt_5_6_semantic_draft_v1",
    "structure": {
        "citation_scheme": "source-section-v1",
        "kind": "native",
        "levels": [
            {
                "key": "section",
                "label_fr": "Section",
                "label_en": "Section"
            }
        ],
        "leaf_fr": "Section",
        "leaf_en": "Section"
    },
    "canonical_passage_id": "passage:freud.traumdeutung:section-0195",
    "canonical_ref": "section-0195",
    "canonical_parent_ref": null,
    "canonical_parent_id": null,
    "representations": [
        {
            "language": "de",
            "text": "»Sobald durch einen äußeren oder inneren Nervenreiz während des Schlafes in der Seele eine Empfindung oder ein Empfindungskomplex, ein Gefühl, überhaupt ein psychischer Vorgang entsteht und von der Seele perzipiert wird, so ruft dieser Vorgang aus dem der Seele vom Wachen her verbliebenen Erfahrungskreise Empfindungsbilder, also frühere Wahrnehmungen, entweder nackt oder mit zugehörigen psychischen Werten hervor. Er sammelt gleichsam um sich eine größere oder kleinere Anzahl solcher Bilder, durch welche der vom Nervenreiz herrührende Eindruck seinen psychischen Wert bekommt. Man sagt gewöhnlich auch hier, wie es der Sprachgebrauch für das wache Verhalten tut, daß die Seele im Schlafe die Nervenreizeindrücke deute . Das Resultat dieser Deutung ist der sogenannte Nervenreiztraum , d. h. ein Traum, dessen Bestandteile dadurch bedingt sind, daß ein Nervenreiz nach den Gesetzen der Reproduktion seine psychische Wirkung im Seelenleben vollzieht.«\n\nIn allem Wesentlichen mit dieser Lehre identisch ist die Äußerung von Wundt , die Vorstellungen des Traumes gehen jedenfalls zum größten Teil von Sinnesreizen aus, namentlich auch von solchen des allgemeinen Sinnes, und sind daher zumeist phantastische Illusionen, wahrscheinlich nur zum kleineren Teil reine, zu Halluzinationen gesteigerte Erinnerungsvorstellungen. Für das Verhältnis des Trauminhaltes zu den Traumreizen, welches sich nach dieser Theorie ergibt, findet Strümpell das treffliche Gleichnis (p. 84), es sei, wie »wenn die zehn Finger eines der Musik ganz unkundigen Menschen über die Tasten des Instruments hinlaufen«. Der Traum erschiene so nicht als ein seelisches Phänomen, aus psychischen Motiven entsprungen, sondern als der Erfolg eines physiologischen Reizes, der sich in psychischer Symptomatologie äußert, weil der vom Reize betroffene Apparat keiner anderen Äußerung fähig ist. Auf eine ähnliche Voraussetzung ist z. B. die Erklärung der Zwangsvorstellungen aufgebaut, die Meynert durch das berühmte Gleichnis vom Zifferblatt, auf dem einzelne Zahlen stärker gewölbt vorspringen, zu geben versuchte.",
            "source_id": "project-gutenberg-40739",
            "translation_type": "original_language"
        },
        {
            "language": "en",
            "text": "\"As soon as an external or internal nervous stimulus during sleep produces in the mind a sensation or complex of sensations, a feeling, or any psychical process, and the mind perceives it, this process evokes sensory images from the mind's remaining store of waking experience, that is, earlier perceptions, either bare or with their associated psychical values. It gathers around itself, as it were, more or fewer such images, through which the impression arising from the nervous stimulus acquires its psychical value. Here too, as customary speech does for waking conduct, one commonly says that the mind in sleep interprets the impressions of nervous stimuli. The result is the so-called nervous-stimulus dream, that is, a dream whose components are determined by a nervous stimulus producing its psychical effect in mental life according to the laws of reproduction.\"\n\nWundt's statement is essentially identical with this doctrine: dream-ideas arise, at least mainly, from sensory stimuli, especially those of the general sense, and are therefore mostly fantastic illusions, while probably only a smaller part are pure memory-images intensified into hallucinations. Strümpell gives an apt simile for the relation between dream-content and dream-stimuli implied by this theory (p. 84): it is as though \"the ten fingers of someone wholly ignorant of music ran over the instrument's keys.\" The dream would thus appear not as a mental phenomenon arising from psychical motives, but as the effect of a physiological stimulus expressed in psychical symptomatology because the apparatus affected can express itself no otherwise. A similar premise underlies, for example, Meynert's attempted explanation of obsessive ideas through the famous simile of a clock-face on which individual numbers project more prominently.",
            "translator": "Codex gpt-5.6-sol",
            "edition": "Prokopton42 non-official AI translation, 2026-09-14",
            "source_id": "prokopton42-codex-translation:gpt-5.6-sol:corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "translation_type": "ai_generated_translation",
            "official_status": "non_official",
            "generation_model": "gpt-5.6-sol"
        },
        {
            "language": "fr",
            "text": "« Dès que, sous l’effet d’une excitation nerveuse extérieure ou intérieure pendant le sommeil, naît dans l’âme une sensation ou un complexe de sensations, un sentiment, ou plus généralement un processus psychique, et que celui-ci est perçu par l’âme, ce processus fait surgir, à partir du cercle d’expériences qui subsiste dans l’âme depuis l’état de veille, des images de sensations, donc des perceptions antérieures, soit dépouillées, soit accompagnées des valeurs psychiques qui leur sont associées. Il rassemble pour ainsi dire autour de lui un nombre plus ou moins grand de telles images, par lesquelles l’impression provenant de l’excitation nerveuse reçoit sa valeur psychique. On dit ordinairement ici encore, comme le veut l’usage linguistique pour le comportement à l’état de veille, que l’âme interprète pendant le sommeil les impressions produites par les excitations nerveuses. Le résultat de cette interprétation est ce qu’on appelle le rêve dû à une excitation nerveuse, c’est-à-dire un rêve dont les éléments sont déterminés par le fait qu’une excitation nerveuse produit son effet psychique dans la vie de l’âme selon les lois de la reproduction. »\n\nL’énoncé de Wundt est, pour tout l’essentiel, identique à cette doctrine: les représentations du rêve procèdent en tout cas, pour leur plus grande part, d’excitations sensorielles, notamment de celles du sens général; elles sont donc le plus souvent des illusions fantastiques, et ne sont probablement que pour une moindre part de pures représentations mnésiques élevées au rang d’hallucinations. Pour le rapport entre le contenu du rêve et les excitations oniriques qui résulte de cette théorie, Strümpell trouve une excellente comparaison (p. 84): ce serait comme « si les dix doigts d’un homme entièrement ignorant de la musique couraient sur les touches de l’instrument ». Le rêve apparaîtrait ainsi non comme un phénomène psychique issu de motifs psychiques, mais comme l’effet d’une excitation physiologique qui s’exprime par une symptomatologie psychique, parce que l’appareil atteint par l’excitation n’est capable d’aucune autre forme d’expression. C’est sur une présupposition analogue que repose, par exemple, l’explication des représentations obsessionnelles que Meynert tenta de donner au moyen de la célèbre comparaison avec un cadran sur lequel certains chiffres ressortent avec un relief plus accusé.",
            "translator": "Codex gpt-5.6-sol",
            "edition": "Prokopton42 non-official AI translation, 2026-09-14",
            "source_id": "prokopton42-codex-translation:gpt-5.6-sol:corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "translation_type": "ai_generated_translation",
            "official_status": "non_official",
            "generation_model": "gpt-5.6-sol"
        }
    ],
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}