{
    "schema": "prokopton42-public-passage-v1",
    "id": "freud.traumdeutung",
    "canonical_url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/works/freud/traumdeutung/reference-section-0423/",
    "language": "en",
    "title": "The Interpretation of Dreams",
    "author": "Sigmund Freud",
    "date": "principal composition, 1898-1899; publication dated 1900",
    "summary": "Freud treats the dream as a constructed psychical formation, not a message decoded through fixed symbols. He follows condensation, displacement, censorship, and wish-fulfilment from the manifest account toward hypothetical latent thoughts.",
    "learning": "Distinguish manifest content from latent thoughts, recognize mechanisms of dream-work, and keep every interpretation at the level of a hypothesis.",
    "long_summary": "The book combines a method of interpretation, dream analyses, an account of dream-work, and a theory of the psychical apparatus. An apparently trivial detail becomes evidence when the dreamer’s associations connect it to conflict or wish.\n\nThis later edition carries revisions accumulated since 1900. The German manifestation is the source; the project’s French and English texts are non-official, paraphrase-only translations. The book supplies a historical framework for inquiry, never a license to diagnose a reader or impose a certain meaning on a dream.",
    "historical_context": "The corpus manifests do not yet establish the precise place and circumstances of composition. The images below document the author’s world or the text’s transmission. They do not claim to show the exact scene of writing.",
    "material_world_label": "World of 1989",
    "material_world": {
        "technology": "Personal computers, satellites, video, industrial robots, and expensive mobile phones exist, but the public Web does not yet.",
        "science": "Computing, genetics, climate science, cosmology, and medical imaging produce growing data and international collaboration.",
        "medicine": "CT, MRI, transplantation, vaccines, and intensive care advance; the AIDS epidemic exposes both medical capacity and its limits.",
        "transport": "Cars, high-speed rail, metros, aircraft, and containers globalize people and goods.",
        "agriculture": "Machinery, chemical inputs, breeding, and cold chains support high yields with increasingly debated social and environmental costs.",
        "communication": "Fixed telephones, fax, television, radio, and newspapers predominate. Email and computer networks remain mainly professional or academic.",
        "clothing": "Loose suits, jeans, trainers, women’s power suits, sportswear, and urban subcultures create highly varied silhouettes."
    },
    "material_world_scenes": [
        {
            "asset": "/assets/timeline/landmarks/30-1989-ce/world-01.webp",
            "title": "Technology, science, and care",
            "description": "Personal computers, satellites, video, industrial robots, and expensive mobile phones exist, but the public Web does not yet. Computing, genetics, climate science, cosmology, and medical imaging produce growing data and international collaboration. CT, MRI, transplantation, vaccines, and intensive care advance; the AIDS epidemic exposes both medical capacity and its limits."
        },
        {
            "asset": "/assets/timeline/landmarks/30-1989-ce/world-02.webp",
            "title": "Travel and communication",
            "description": "Cars, high-speed rail, metros, aircraft, and containers globalize people and goods. Fixed telephones, fax, television, radio, and newspapers predominate. Email and computer networks remain mainly professional or academic."
        },
        {
            "asset": "/assets/timeline/landmarks/30-1989-ce/world-03.webp",
            "title": "Farming and food",
            "description": "Machinery, chemical inputs, breeding, and cold chains support high yields with increasingly debated social and environmental costs."
        },
        {
            "asset": "/assets/timeline/landmarks/30-1989-ce/world-04.webp",
            "title": "Clothing, women and men",
            "description": "Loose suits, jeans, trainers, women’s power suits, sportswear, and urban subcultures create highly varied silhouettes."
        }
    ],
    "intellectual_tradition": {
        "id": "psychology",
        "label": "Psychology and psychoanalysis"
    },
    "period": {
        "id": "contemporary",
        "label": "Contemporary era"
    },
    "languages": [
        "de",
        "en",
        "fr"
    ],
    "manifestations": [
        {
            "coverage": "complete",
            "file": "data/corpus/normalized/freud/traumdeutung/representations/de.ndjson",
            "language": "de",
            "records": 630,
            "role": "complete_author_body",
            "sha256": "8b10b542022eb49dd6f22690e4b58bb0037f99253e555403ce2fb4913aab51da",
            "source_id": "project-gutenberg-40739"
        },
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            "file": "data/corpus/normalized/freud/traumdeutung/representations/ai-generated/en-gpt-5-6-sol-corpus-passage-translation-v1.ndjson",
            "generated_on": "2026-09-14",
            "language": "en",
            "model": "gpt-5.6-sol",
            "official_status": "non_official",
            "prompt_version": "corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "provider": "codex_subscription",
            "records": 630,
            "role": "ai_generated_translation_non_official",
            "sha256": "89db6f18fea0bf3b7ebdaccececdcf20b6e91e84e182db74d338f3e7ce3617a7",
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            "translation_type": "ai_generated_translation"
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        {
            "coverage": "complete",
            "file": "data/corpus/normalized/freud/traumdeutung/representations/ai-generated/fr-gpt-5-6-sol-corpus-passage-translation-v1.ndjson",
            "generated_on": "2026-09-14",
            "language": "fr",
            "model": "gpt-5.6-sol",
            "official_status": "non_official",
            "prompt_version": "corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "provider": "codex_subscription",
            "records": 630,
            "role": "ai_generated_translation_non_official",
            "sha256": "9f057682c23879bef27a0065f8b72c289c2523ac210f58553774a07967bbeffb",
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            "translation_type": "ai_generated_translation"
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    ],
    "concepts": [
        {
            "id": "dream_work",
            "label": "Dream-work"
        },
        {
            "id": "joke_work",
            "label": "Joke-work"
        },
        {
            "id": "pleasure_principle",
            "label": "Pleasure principle"
        },
        {
            "id": "poverty_wealth",
            "label": "Poverty and wealth"
        },
        {
            "id": "psychic_determinism",
            "label": "Psychic determinism"
        },
        {
            "id": "repetition_compulsion",
            "label": "Repetition compulsion"
        },
        {
            "id": "repression",
            "label": "Repression"
        },
        {
            "id": "sin",
            "label": "Sin"
        },
        {
            "id": "unconscious_conflict",
            "label": "Unconscious conflict"
        },
        {
            "id": "war_and_peace",
            "label": "War and peace"
        },
        {
            "id": "wisdom",
            "label": "Wisdom"
        },
        {
            "id": "wish_fulfilment",
            "label": "Wish-fulfilment"
        }
    ],
    "source_work_ids": [
        "freud.traumdeutung"
    ],
    "passages": 630,
    "word_count": 225891,
    "word_counts_by_language": {
        "de": 211095,
        "en": 225891,
        "fr": 236110
    },
    "editorial_status": "gpt_5_6_semantic_draft_v1",
    "structure": {
        "citation_scheme": "source-section-v1",
        "kind": "native",
        "levels": [
            {
                "key": "section",
                "label_fr": "Section",
                "label_en": "Section"
            }
        ],
        "leaf_fr": "Section",
        "leaf_en": "Section"
    },
    "canonical_passage_id": "passage:freud.traumdeutung:section-0423",
    "canonical_ref": "section-0423",
    "canonical_parent_ref": null,
    "canonical_parent_id": null,
    "representations": [
        {
            "language": "de",
            "text": "Eine ähnliche Schätzung hat Ferdinand Kürnberger für den Traum: »Wahrlich, wären die Menschen sinniger, die feinen Winke der Natur zu beobachten und zu deuten, dieses Traumleben müßte sie aufmerksam machen. Sie müßten finden, daß von dem großen Rätsel, nach dessen Lösung sie dürsten, die Natur uns hier schon die erste Silbe eingeflüstert hat.«\n\nDer geistreiche Philosoph Lichtenberg , dem wir feine Beobachtungen und Bemerkungen über dieses Thema verdanken, schreibt einmal: »Ich empfehle Träume nochmals. Wir leben und empfinden so gut im Traum als im Wachen, und das eine macht so gut als der andere einen Teil unserer Existenz aus. Es gehört unter die Vorzüge des Menschen, daß er träumt und es weiß. Man hat schwerlich noch den rechten Gebrauch davon gemacht. Der Traum ist ein Leben, das mit dem unserigen zusammengesetzt das wird, was wir menschliches Leben nennen. Die Träume verlieren sich in unser Wachen allmählich herein, und man kann nicht sagen, wo das eine anfängt und das andere aufhört.«\n\nUnd Nietzsche , den wir als direkten Vorläufer der Psychoanalyse auch auf diesem Gebiete anerkennen müssen, kennt ähnliche Beziehungen des Traumes zum Wachleben (184) : »Was wir im Traume erleben, vorausgesetzt, daß wir es oftmals erleben, gehört zuletzt so gut zum Gesamthaushalt unserer Seele wie irgend etwas wirklich Erlebtes: wir sind vermöge desselben reicher und ärmer, haben ein Bedürfnis mehr oder weniger und werden schließlich am hellen lichten Tage und selbst in den heitersten Augenblicken unseres wachen Geistes ein wenig von den Gewöhnungen unserer Träume gegängelt.«\n\nDaß er auch hier nicht vor den Konsequenzen seiner Auffassung zurückschreckte, zeigt folgende Stelle aus der »Morgenröte«: »In allem wollt ihr verantwortlich sein! Nur nicht für eure Träume! Welche elende Schwächlichkeit, welcher Mangel an folgerichtigem Mute! Nichts ist mehr euer Eigen als eure Träume! Nichts mehr euer Werk! Stoff, Form, Dauer, Schauspieler, Zuschauer – in diesen Komödien seid ihr alles ihr selber! Und hier gerade scheut und schämt ihr euch vor euch, und schon Ödipus , der weise Ödipus , wußte sich Trost aus dem Gedanken zu schöpfen, daß wir nichts für das können, was wir träumen (185) . Ich schließe daraus: daß die große Mehrzahl der Menschen sich abscheulicher Träume bewußt sein muß . Wäre es anders: wie sehr würde man seine nächtliche Dichterei für den Hochmut des Menschen ausgebeutet haben!«\n\nÄhnlich wertet auch Tolstoi den Traum: »Wenn ich wache, kann ich mich wohl über mich selbst täuschen, der Traum dagegen gibt mir den rechten Maßstab für die Stufe sittlicher Vollkommenheit, die ich erreicht habe.« (Nachl. Bd. III.)\n\nUnd Lichtenberg urteilt: »Wenn Leute ihre Träume aufrichtig erzählen wollten, da ließe sich der Charakter eher daraus erraten als aus dem Gesicht.«",
            "source_id": "project-gutenberg-40739",
            "translation_type": "original_language"
        },
        {
            "language": "en",
            "text": "Ferdinand Kürnberger holds a similar estimation of dreams: “Truly, if human beings were more perceptive in observing and interpreting nature's subtle hints, this dream-life would have to attract their attention. They would have to discover that here nature has already whispered to us the first syllable of the great riddle whose solution they thirst for.”\n\nThe witty philosopher Lichtenberg, to whom we owe subtle observations and remarks on this subject, once wrote: “I recommend dreams once again. We live and feel just as fully in dreams as in waking life, and the one forms just as much a part of our existence as the other. It is one of the advantages of the human being that he dreams and knows it. The proper use has scarcely yet been made of this. The dream is a life which, combined with our own, becomes what we call human life. Dreams gradually lose themselves into our waking, and one cannot say where the one begins and the other ends.”\n\nAnd Nietzsche, whom we must recognize as a direct precursor of psychoanalysis in this field as well, knew of similar relations between dreams and waking life (184): “What we experience in dreams, provided that we experience it often, ultimately belongs just as much to the total economy of our mind as anything actually experienced: by virtue of it we are richer and poorer, have one need more or less, and finally, in broad daylight and even in the most cheerful moments of our waking spirit, we are guided a little by the habits of our dreams.”\n\nThat here too he did not shrink from the consequences of his view is shown by the following passage from “Daybreak”: “You wish to be responsible for everything! Only not for your dreams! What wretched weakness, what lack of consistent courage! Nothing is more your own than your dreams! Nothing more your work! Material, form, duration, actors, spectators, in these comedies you yourselves are everything! And precisely here you fear and feel ashamed before yourselves, and even Oedipus, wise Oedipus, knew how to draw consolation from the thought that we cannot help what we dream (185). I conclude from this that the great majority of people must be conscious of abominable dreams. If it were otherwise, how thoroughly their nocturnal poetry would have been exploited for human pride!”\n\nTolstoy similarly values the dream: “When I am awake, I may well deceive myself about myself, but the dream gives me the true measure of the degree of moral perfection I have attained.” (Posthumous Works, Vol. III.)\n\nAnd Lichtenberg judges: “If people were willing to relate their dreams sincerely, their character could be guessed more readily from them than from their faces.”",
            "translator": "Codex gpt-5.6-sol",
            "edition": "Prokopton42 non-official AI translation, 2026-09-14",
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        },
        {
            "language": "fr",
            "text": "Ferdinand Kürnberger porte sur le rêve une appréciation semblable : « En vérité, si les hommes avaient davantage de discernement pour observer et interpréter les signes subtils de la nature, cette vie onirique devrait attirer leur attention. Ils devraient découvrir que, de la grande énigme dont ils brûlent de trouver la solution, la nature nous a déjà soufflé ici la première syllabe. »\n\nLe spirituel philosophe Lichtenberg, auquel nous devons de fines observations et remarques sur ce thème, écrit un jour : « Je recommande encore une fois les rêves. Nous vivons et ressentons aussi bien en rêve qu’à l’état de veille, et l’un fait tout autant que l’autre partie de notre existence. C’est l’un des privilèges de l’homme que de rêver et de le savoir. On n’en a sans doute pas encore fait le juste usage. Le rêve est une vie qui, jointe à la nôtre, devient ce que nous appelons la vie humaine. Les rêves se fondent peu à peu dans notre veille, et l’on ne peut dire où commence l’une et où finit l’autre. »\n\nEt Nietzsche, que nous devons reconnaître dans ce domaine aussi comme un précurseur direct de la psychanalyse, connaît des rapports semblables entre le rêve et la vie de veille (184) : « Ce que nous vivons en rêve, à supposer que nous le vivions souvent, finit par appartenir tout autant à l’économie générale de notre âme que n’importe quelle expérience réellement vécue : cela nous rend plus riches et plus pauvres, nous avons un besoin de plus ou de moins et, finalement, en plein jour et même dans les instants les plus sereins de notre esprit éveillé, nous sommes quelque peu menés par les habitudes de nos rêves. »\n\nLe passage suivant d’« Aurore » montre qu’ici encore il ne reculait pas devant les conséquences de sa conception : « Vous voulez être responsables de tout ! Mais pas de vos rêves ! Quelle misérable faiblesse, quel manque de courage conséquent ! Rien ne vous appartient davantage que vos rêves ! Rien n’est davantage votre œuvre ! Matière, forme, durée, acteurs, spectateurs : dans ces comédies, vous êtes vous-mêmes tout cela ! Et c’est précisément là que vous avez peur et honte de vous-mêmes, et déjà Œdipe, le sage Œdipe, savait tirer consolation de la pensée que nous ne sommes pas responsables de ce que nous rêvons (185). J’en conclus que la grande majorité des hommes doit avoir conscience de rêves abominables. S’il en était autrement, combien n’aurait-on pas exploité leur poésie nocturne au profit de l’orgueil humain ! »\n\nTolstoï apprécie le rêve de manière semblable : « À l’état de veille, je peux certes me tromper sur moi-même ; le rêve, en revanche, me donne la juste mesure du degré de perfection morale que j’ai atteint. » (Œuvres posthumes, t. III.)\n\nEt Lichtenberg juge : « Si les gens voulaient raconter sincèrement leurs rêves, on pourrait deviner leur caractère plus sûrement d’après ceux-ci que d’après leur visage. »",
            "translator": "Codex gpt-5.6-sol",
            "edition": "Prokopton42 non-official AI translation, 2026-09-14",
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}