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    "language": "en",
    "title": "An Essay Concerning Human Understanding",
    "author": "John Locke",
    "date": "1689-1700; revised lifetime editions",
    "summary": "The Essay examines the origin and composition of ideas, personal identity, and the limits of knowledge.",
    "learning": "Take a disputed term, trace the ideas composing it, then separate what experience warrants as knowledge from what remains probable judgment.",
    "long_summary": "This edition joins three English Gutenberg transcriptions to Pierre Coste’s historical French translation. Canonical identity follows book, chapter and section. Sections missing from one manifestation remain monolingual and are never attached to a neighbor.\n\nThe reading distinguishes sensation and reflection, simple and complex ideas, qualities, identity, knowledge and probability. The 1975 editorial PDF remains a doxographer witness outside dialogue.",
    "historical_context": "The corpus manifests do not yet establish the precise place and circumstances of composition. The images below document the author’s world or the text’s transmission. They do not claim to show the exact scene of writing.",
    "material_world_label": "World of 1989",
    "material_world": {
        "technology": "Personal computers, satellites, video, industrial robots, and expensive mobile phones exist, but the public Web does not yet.",
        "science": "Computing, genetics, climate science, cosmology, and medical imaging produce growing data and international collaboration.",
        "medicine": "CT, MRI, transplantation, vaccines, and intensive care advance; the AIDS epidemic exposes both medical capacity and its limits.",
        "transport": "Cars, high-speed rail, metros, aircraft, and containers globalize people and goods.",
        "agriculture": "Machinery, chemical inputs, breeding, and cold chains support high yields with increasingly debated social and environmental costs.",
        "communication": "Fixed telephones, fax, television, radio, and newspapers predominate. Email and computer networks remain mainly professional or academic.",
        "clothing": "Loose suits, jeans, trainers, women’s power suits, sportswear, and urban subcultures create highly varied silhouettes."
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            "description": "Personal computers, satellites, video, industrial robots, and expensive mobile phones exist, but the public Web does not yet. Computing, genetics, climate science, cosmology, and medical imaging produce growing data and international collaboration. CT, MRI, transplantation, vaccines, and intensive care advance; the AIDS epidemic exposes both medical capacity and its limits."
        },
        {
            "asset": "/assets/timeline/landmarks/30-1989-ce/world-02.webp",
            "title": "Travel and communication",
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        },
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            "asset": "/assets/timeline/landmarks/30-1989-ce/world-03.webp",
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        },
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            "title": "Clothing, women and men",
            "description": "Loose suits, jeans, trainers, women’s power suits, sportswear, and urban subcultures create highly varied silhouettes."
        }
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        "label": "Modern era"
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        "fr"
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            "label": "Constitutional government"
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            "label": "Faith"
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            "label": "Knowledge"
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        {
            "language": "en",
            "text": "But no one who hath considered the properties of bodies in general, or this sort in particular, can doubt that this, called GOLD, has infinite other properties not contained in that complex idea. Some who have examined this species more accurately could, I believe, enumerate ten times as many properties in gold, all of them as inseparable from its internal constitution, as its colour or weight: and it is probable, if any one knew all the properties that are by divers men known of this metal, there would be an hundred times as many ideas go to the complex idea of gold as any one man yet has in his; and yet perhaps that not be the thousandth part of what is to be discovered in it. The changes that that one body is apt to receive, and make in other bodies, upon a due application, exceeding far not only what we know, but what we are apt to imagine. Which will not appear so much a paradox to any one who will but consider how far men are yet from knowing all the properties of that one, no very compound figure, a triangle; though it be no small number that are already by mathematicians discovered of it.",
            "edition": "Project Gutenberg transcription of Locke author text",
            "source_id": "gutenberg-10615",
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            "language": "fr",
            "text": "Mais quiconque a fait quelques reflexions ſur les propriétez des Corps en général, ou ſur cette eſpèce en particulier, ne peut douter que ce Corps que nous nommons Or, n’aît une infinité d’autres propriétez, qui ne ſont pas contenuës dans cette idée complexe. Quelques-uns qui l’ont examiné plus exactement, pourroient compter, je m’aſſûre, dix fois plus de propriétez dans l’Or, toutes auſſi inſéparables de ſa conſtitution intérieure que ſa couleur ou ſon poids. Et il y a apparence que ſi quelqu’un connoiſſoit toutes les propriétez que différentes perſonnes ont découvert dans ce Metal, il entreroit dans l’idée complexe de l’Or cent fois autant d’idées qu’un homme ait encore admis dans l’idée complexe qu’il s’en eſt formé en lui-même : & cependant ce ne ſeroit peut-être pas la milliéme partie des propriétez qu’on peut découvrir dans l’Or. Car les changemens que ce ſeul Corps eſt capable de recevoir, & de produire ſur d’autres Corps ſurpaſſent de beaucoup non ſeulement ce que nous en connoiſſons, mais tout ce que nous ſaurions imaginer. C’eſt ce qui ne paroîtra pas un ſi grand paradoxe à quiconque voudra prendre la peine de conſiderer, combien les hommes ſont encore éloignez de connoître toutes les propriétez du Triangle, qui n’eſt pas une figure fort compoſée ; quoi que les Mathematiciens en ayent déja découvert un grand nombre.",
            "translator": "Pierre Coste",
            "edition": "Pierre Mortier, Amsterdam, 1735, third edition",
            "source_id": "wikisource-rev-14176341",
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