{
    "schema": "prokopton42-public-passage-v1",
    "id": "muhammad.quran",
    "canonical_url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/works/muhammad/quran/livre-2/passage-255/",
    "language": "en",
    "title": "The Qur’an",
    "author": "Muhammad",
    "date": "proclamations c. 610-632 CE",
    "summary": "The reference scripture of Islam, the Qur’an proclaims divine unity, recalls prophetic figures, and calls for faith, worship, justice, and mercy. Its surahs accompany the formation of a community between warning of judgement and promise of forgiveness.",
    "learning": "Trace recurring prophetic narratives, connect divine unity, judgement, mercy, and justice, and distinguish proclamation, canonical order, and commentary.",
    "long_summary": "Qur’anic proclamations alternate remembered narratives, exhortation, communal rules, prayer, and signs observed in nature. Their voice addresses believers, opponents, and earlier communities, returning to motifs in forms shaped by different situations.\n\nCanonical order is not a chronological narrative of proclamation. Recitation, written collection, and traditions of interpretation are levels requiring distinction. A neutral historical account recognizes the text’s revealed status for Muslims without turning it into simplistic documentary authorship by Muhammad.",
    "historical_context": "The Qur’anic proclamations are situated between Mecca and Medina from about 610 to 632. They accompany the move from minority preaching to the organization of a community. Writing and transmission require a distinction between the event of recitation, collection of the text, and its later history of interpretation.",
    "material_world_label": "Western Arabia, early 7th century",
    "material_world": {
        "technology": "Metalwork, leather, weaving, wells, cisterns, and stone or earthen building answer the constraints of oases and caravan routes.",
        "science": "Star navigation, calendars, genealogy, and practical calculation serve travel, trade, and ritual life; the great Islamic scholarly institutions are still in the future.",
        "medicine": "Plant remedies, cautery, household care, and local practitioners treat injury and disease without specialized hospitals or germ theory.",
        "transport": "Walking, camels, donkeys, and horses predominate. Caravans connect oases, ports, and markets through long journeys.",
        "agriculture": "Date palms, grain, small irrigated gardens, and livestock use wells and oases; trade supplies many other goods.",
        "communication": "Recited poetry, memory, messengers, letters, and handwritten contracts carry reputation, alliance, commerce, and proclamation.",
        "clothing": "Women and men wear wool, linen, or cotton tunics, robes, cloaks, and veils; layering, colour, and quality indicate climate, activity, and rank."
    },
    "material_world_scenes": [
        {
            "asset": "/assets/library/world-context/early-islamic-arabia/world-01.webp",
            "title": "Technology, science, and care",
            "description": "Metalwork, leather, weaving, wells, cisterns, and stone or earthen building answer the constraints of oases and caravan routes. Star navigation, calendars, genealogy, and practical calculation serve travel, trade, and ritual life; the great Islamic scholarly institutions are still in the future. Plant remedies, cautery, household care, and local practitioners treat injury and disease without specialized hospitals or germ theory."
        },
        {
            "asset": "/assets/library/world-context/early-islamic-arabia/world-02.webp",
            "title": "Travel and communication",
            "description": "Walking, camels, donkeys, and horses predominate. Caravans connect oases, ports, and markets through long journeys. Recited poetry, memory, messengers, letters, and handwritten contracts carry reputation, alliance, commerce, and proclamation."
        },
        {
            "asset": "/assets/library/world-context/early-islamic-arabia/world-03.webp",
            "title": "Farming and food",
            "description": "Date palms, grain, small irrigated gardens, and livestock use wells and oases; trade supplies many other goods."
        },
        {
            "asset": "/assets/library/world-context/early-islamic-arabia/world-04.webp",
            "title": "Clothing, women and men",
            "description": "Women and men wear wool, linen, or cotton tunics, robes, cloaks, and veils; layering, colour, and quality indicate climate, activity, and rank."
        }
    ],
    "intellectual_tradition": {
        "id": "islam",
        "label": "Islam"
    },
    "period": {
        "id": "ancient",
        "label": "Antiquity"
    },
    "languages": [
        "ar",
        "fr",
        "en"
    ],
    "manifestations": [
        {
            "file": "data/corpus/normalized/muhammad/quran/representations/ar.ndjson",
            "language": "ar",
            "records": 6236,
            "role": "original_revelation_carrier",
            "sha256": "8b313447f01a573a8eebaa268da18e7e4fd98a1a5d64fbefed6a35f84b125800",
            "source_id": "tanzil-quran-uthmani-1.1"
        },
        {
            "file": "data/corpus/normalized/muhammad/quran/representations/fr.ndjson",
            "language": "fr",
            "records": 6236,
            "role": "modern_human_translation",
            "sha256": "3b583a9a058e26adc7b8a2d2488321ea4fb61f5a9b797cf65d1ff53f86a59b34",
            "source_id": "tanzil-fr-hamidullah"
        },
        {
            "file": "data/corpus/normalized/muhammad/quran/representations/en.ndjson",
            "language": "en",
            "records": 6236,
            "role": "historical_human_translation",
            "sha256": "763f0465a8ddce4eaa340ec2035ad7877d02bb6e768327927cdb46ed3a787c20",
            "source_id": "tanzil-en-pickthall"
        }
    ],
    "concepts": [
        {
            "id": "accountability",
            "label": "Moral accountability"
        },
        {
            "id": "charity",
            "label": "Almsgiving and charity"
        },
        {
            "id": "family",
            "label": "Family"
        },
        {
            "id": "impressions_and_assent",
            "label": "Impressions and assent"
        },
        {
            "id": "knowledge",
            "label": "Knowledge"
        },
        {
            "id": "mercy",
            "label": "Mercy"
        },
        {
            "id": "messiah",
            "label": "Messiah"
        },
        {
            "id": "patience",
            "label": "Steadfast patience"
        },
        {
            "id": "revelation",
            "label": "Revelation"
        },
        {
            "id": "salvation",
            "label": "Salvation"
        },
        {
            "id": "tawhid",
            "label": "Divine unity"
        }
    ],
    "source_work_ids": [
        "muhammad.quran"
    ],
    "passages": 6236,
    "word_count": 154964,
    "word_counts_by_language": {
        "ar": 285967,
        "en": 154964,
        "fr": 151702
    },
    "editorial_status": "gpt_5_6_semantic_draft_v1",
    "structure": {
        "citation_scheme": "quran-surah-ayah-v1",
        "kind": "native",
        "levels": [
            {
                "key": "surah",
                "label_fr": "Sourate",
                "label_en": "Surah"
            },
            {
                "key": "ayah",
                "label_fr": "Verset",
                "label_en": "Verse"
            }
        ],
        "leaf_fr": "Verset",
        "leaf_en": "Verse"
    },
    "canonical_passage_id": "passage:muhammad.quran:2.255",
    "canonical_ref": "2.255",
    "canonical_parent_ref": null,
    "canonical_parent_id": null,
    "representations": [
        {
            "language": "ar",
            "text": "ٱللَّهُ لَآ إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ ٱلْحَىُّ ٱلْقَيُّومُ ۚ لَا تَأْخُذُهُۥ سِنَةٌۭ وَلَا نَوْمٌۭ ۚ لَّهُۥ مَا فِى ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَمَا فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ ۗ مَن ذَا ٱلَّذِى يَشْفَعُ عِندَهُۥٓ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِۦ ۚ يَعْلَمُ مَا بَيْنَ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَمَا خَلْفَهُمْ ۖ وَلَا يُحِيطُونَ بِشَىْءٍۢ مِّنْ عِلْمِهِۦٓ إِلَّا بِمَا شَآءَ ۚ وَسِعَ كُرْسِيُّهُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضَ ۖ وَلَا يَـُٔودُهُۥ حِفْظُهُمَا ۚ وَهُوَ ٱلْعَلِىُّ ٱلْعَظِيمُ",
            "edition": "Tanzil Quran Text 1.1, Uthmani",
            "source_id": "tanzil-quran-uthmani-1.1"
        },
        {
            "language": "fr",
            "text": "Allah! Point de divinité à part Lui, le Vivant, Celui qui subsiste par lui-même «Al-Qayyûm». Ni somnolence ni sommeil ne Le saisissent. A Lui appartient tout ce qui est dans les cieux et sur la terre. Qui peut intercéder auprès de Lui sans Sa permission? Il connaît leur passé et leur futur. Et, de Sa science, ils n'embrassent que ce qu'Il veut. Son Trône «Kursiy», déborde les cieux et la terre, dont la garde ne Lui coûte aucune peine. Et Il est le Très Haut, le Très Grand.",
            "translator": "Muhammad Hamidullah",
            "edition": "Le Saint Coran, traduction Muhammad Hamidullah",
            "source_id": "tanzil-fr-hamidullah",
            "translation_type": "modern_human_translation"
        },
        {
            "language": "en",
            "text": "Allah! There is no deity save Him, the Alive, the Eternal. Neither slumber nor sleep overtaketh Him. Unto Him belongeth whatsoever is in the heavens and whatsoever is in the earth. Who is he that intercedeth with Him save by His leave? He knoweth that which is in front of them and that which is behind them, while they encompass nothing of His knowledge save what He will. His throne includeth the heavens and the earth, and He is never weary of preserving them. He is the Sublime, the Tremendous.",
            "translator": "Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall",
            "edition": "The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (1930)",
            "source_id": "tanzil-en-pickthall",
            "translation_type": "historical_human_translation"
        }
    ],
    "content_checksum": "ee90712a94c0950eaf37dd71749801995fb619fe2e5a53cba03493305630df51"
}