{
    "schema": "prokopton42-public-passage-v1",
    "id": "muhammad.quran",
    "canonical_url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/works/muhammad/quran/livre-39/passage-20/",
    "language": "en",
    "title": "The Qur’an",
    "author": "Muhammad",
    "date": "proclamations c. 610-632 CE",
    "summary": "The reference scripture of Islam, the Qur’an proclaims divine unity, recalls prophetic figures, and calls for faith, worship, justice, and mercy. Its surahs accompany the formation of a community between warning of judgement and promise of forgiveness.",
    "learning": "Trace recurring prophetic narratives, connect divine unity, judgement, mercy, and justice, and distinguish proclamation, canonical order, and commentary.",
    "long_summary": "Qur’anic proclamations alternate remembered narratives, exhortation, communal rules, prayer, and signs observed in nature. Their voice addresses believers, opponents, and earlier communities, returning to motifs in forms shaped by different situations.\n\nCanonical order is not a chronological narrative of proclamation. Recitation, written collection, and traditions of interpretation are levels requiring distinction. A neutral historical account recognizes the text’s revealed status for Muslims without turning it into simplistic documentary authorship by Muhammad.",
    "historical_context": "The Qur’anic proclamations are situated between Mecca and Medina from about 610 to 632. They accompany the move from minority preaching to the organization of a community. Writing and transmission require a distinction between the event of recitation, collection of the text, and its later history of interpretation.",
    "material_world_label": "Western Arabia, early 7th century",
    "material_world": {
        "technology": "Metalwork, leather, weaving, wells, cisterns, and stone or earthen building answer the constraints of oases and caravan routes.",
        "science": "Star navigation, calendars, genealogy, and practical calculation serve travel, trade, and ritual life; the great Islamic scholarly institutions are still in the future.",
        "medicine": "Plant remedies, cautery, household care, and local practitioners treat injury and disease without specialized hospitals or germ theory.",
        "transport": "Walking, camels, donkeys, and horses predominate. Caravans connect oases, ports, and markets through long journeys.",
        "agriculture": "Date palms, grain, small irrigated gardens, and livestock use wells and oases; trade supplies many other goods.",
        "communication": "Recited poetry, memory, messengers, letters, and handwritten contracts carry reputation, alliance, commerce, and proclamation.",
        "clothing": "Women and men wear wool, linen, or cotton tunics, robes, cloaks, and veils; layering, colour, and quality indicate climate, activity, and rank."
    },
    "material_world_scenes": [
        {
            "asset": "/assets/library/world-context/early-islamic-arabia/world-01.webp",
            "title": "Technology, science, and care",
            "description": "Metalwork, leather, weaving, wells, cisterns, and stone or earthen building answer the constraints of oases and caravan routes. Star navigation, calendars, genealogy, and practical calculation serve travel, trade, and ritual life; the great Islamic scholarly institutions are still in the future. Plant remedies, cautery, household care, and local practitioners treat injury and disease without specialized hospitals or germ theory."
        },
        {
            "asset": "/assets/library/world-context/early-islamic-arabia/world-02.webp",
            "title": "Travel and communication",
            "description": "Walking, camels, donkeys, and horses predominate. Caravans connect oases, ports, and markets through long journeys. Recited poetry, memory, messengers, letters, and handwritten contracts carry reputation, alliance, commerce, and proclamation."
        },
        {
            "asset": "/assets/library/world-context/early-islamic-arabia/world-03.webp",
            "title": "Farming and food",
            "description": "Date palms, grain, small irrigated gardens, and livestock use wells and oases; trade supplies many other goods."
        },
        {
            "asset": "/assets/library/world-context/early-islamic-arabia/world-04.webp",
            "title": "Clothing, women and men",
            "description": "Women and men wear wool, linen, or cotton tunics, robes, cloaks, and veils; layering, colour, and quality indicate climate, activity, and rank."
        }
    ],
    "intellectual_tradition": {
        "id": "islam",
        "label": "Islam"
    },
    "period": {
        "id": "ancient",
        "label": "Antiquity"
    },
    "languages": [
        "ar",
        "fr",
        "en"
    ],
    "manifestations": [
        {
            "file": "data/corpus/normalized/muhammad/quran/representations/ar.ndjson",
            "language": "ar",
            "records": 6236,
            "role": "original_revelation_carrier",
            "sha256": "8b313447f01a573a8eebaa268da18e7e4fd98a1a5d64fbefed6a35f84b125800",
            "source_id": "tanzil-quran-uthmani-1.1"
        },
        {
            "file": "data/corpus/normalized/muhammad/quran/representations/fr.ndjson",
            "language": "fr",
            "records": 6236,
            "role": "modern_human_translation",
            "sha256": "3b583a9a058e26adc7b8a2d2488321ea4fb61f5a9b797cf65d1ff53f86a59b34",
            "source_id": "tanzil-fr-hamidullah"
        },
        {
            "file": "data/corpus/normalized/muhammad/quran/representations/en.ndjson",
            "language": "en",
            "records": 6236,
            "role": "historical_human_translation",
            "sha256": "763f0465a8ddce4eaa340ec2035ad7877d02bb6e768327927cdb46ed3a787c20",
            "source_id": "tanzil-en-pickthall"
        }
    ],
    "concepts": [
        {
            "id": "accountability",
            "label": "Moral accountability"
        },
        {
            "id": "charity",
            "label": "Almsgiving and charity"
        },
        {
            "id": "duty",
            "label": "Duty"
        },
        {
            "id": "family",
            "label": "Family"
        },
        {
            "id": "god",
            "label": "God"
        },
        {
            "id": "mercy",
            "label": "Mercy"
        },
        {
            "id": "patience",
            "label": "Steadfast patience"
        },
        {
            "id": "revelation",
            "label": "Revelation"
        },
        {
            "id": "tawhid",
            "label": "Divine unity"
        }
    ],
    "source_work_ids": [
        "muhammad.quran"
    ],
    "passages": 6236,
    "word_count": 154964,
    "word_counts_by_language": {
        "ar": 285967,
        "en": 154964,
        "fr": 151702
    },
    "editorial_status": "gpt_5_6_semantic_draft_v1",
    "structure": {
        "citation_scheme": "quran-surah-ayah-v1",
        "kind": "native",
        "levels": [
            {
                "key": "surah",
                "label_fr": "Sourate",
                "label_en": "Surah"
            },
            {
                "key": "ayah",
                "label_fr": "Verset",
                "label_en": "Verse"
            }
        ],
        "leaf_fr": "Verset",
        "leaf_en": "Verse"
    },
    "canonical_passage_id": "passage:muhammad.quran:39.20",
    "canonical_ref": "39.20",
    "canonical_parent_ref": null,
    "canonical_parent_id": null,
    "representations": [
        {
            "language": "ar",
            "text": "لَٰكِنِ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱتَّقَوْا۟ رَبَّهُمْ لَهُمْ غُرَفٌۭ مِّن فَوْقِهَا غُرَفٌۭ مَّبْنِيَّةٌۭ تَجْرِى مِن تَحْتِهَا ٱلْأَنْهَٰرُ ۖ وَعْدَ ٱللَّهِ ۖ لَا يُخْلِفُ ٱللَّهُ ٱلْمِيعَادَ",
            "edition": "Tanzil Quran Text 1.1, Uthmani",
            "source_id": "tanzil-quran-uthmani-1.1"
        },
        {
            "language": "fr",
            "text": "Mais ceux qui auront craint leur Seigneur auront [pour demeure] des étages [au Paradis] au-dessus desquels d'autres étages sont construits et sous lesquels coulent les rivières. Promesse d'Allah! Allah ne manque pas à Sa promesse.",
            "translator": "Muhammad Hamidullah",
            "edition": "Le Saint Coran, traduction Muhammad Hamidullah",
            "source_id": "tanzil-fr-hamidullah",
            "translation_type": "modern_human_translation"
        },
        {
            "language": "en",
            "text": "But those who keep their duty to their Lord, for them are lofty halls with lofty halls above them, built (for them), beneath which rivers flow. (It is) a promise of Allah. Allah faileth not His promise.",
            "translator": "Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall",
            "edition": "The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (1930)",
            "source_id": "tanzil-en-pickthall",
            "translation_type": "historical_human_translation"
        }
    ],
    "content_checksum": "e05efae77e6101217ac86f8d9b6ad78154ae390cd2f916311347cadf19577c3e"
}