{
    "schema": "prokopton42-public-passage-v1",
    "id": "muhammad.quran",
    "canonical_url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/works/muhammad/quran/livre-39/passage-6/",
    "language": "en",
    "title": "The Qur’an",
    "author": "Muhammad",
    "date": "proclamations c. 610-632 CE",
    "summary": "The reference scripture of Islam, the Qur’an proclaims divine unity, recalls prophetic figures, and calls for faith, worship, justice, and mercy. Its surahs accompany the formation of a community between warning of judgement and promise of forgiveness.",
    "learning": "Trace recurring prophetic narratives, connect divine unity, judgement, mercy, and justice, and distinguish proclamation, canonical order, and commentary.",
    "long_summary": "Qur’anic proclamations alternate remembered narratives, exhortation, communal rules, prayer, and signs observed in nature. Their voice addresses believers, opponents, and earlier communities, returning to motifs in forms shaped by different situations.\n\nCanonical order is not a chronological narrative of proclamation. Recitation, written collection, and traditions of interpretation are levels requiring distinction. A neutral historical account recognizes the text’s revealed status for Muslims without turning it into simplistic documentary authorship by Muhammad.",
    "historical_context": "The Qur’anic proclamations are situated between Mecca and Medina from about 610 to 632. They accompany the move from minority preaching to the organization of a community. Writing and transmission require a distinction between the event of recitation, collection of the text, and its later history of interpretation.",
    "material_world_label": "Western Arabia, early 7th century",
    "material_world": {
        "technology": "Metalwork, leather, weaving, wells, cisterns, and stone or earthen building answer the constraints of oases and caravan routes.",
        "science": "Star navigation, calendars, genealogy, and practical calculation serve travel, trade, and ritual life; the great Islamic scholarly institutions are still in the future.",
        "medicine": "Plant remedies, cautery, household care, and local practitioners treat injury and disease without specialized hospitals or germ theory.",
        "transport": "Walking, camels, donkeys, and horses predominate. Caravans connect oases, ports, and markets through long journeys.",
        "agriculture": "Date palms, grain, small irrigated gardens, and livestock use wells and oases; trade supplies many other goods.",
        "communication": "Recited poetry, memory, messengers, letters, and handwritten contracts carry reputation, alliance, commerce, and proclamation.",
        "clothing": "Women and men wear wool, linen, or cotton tunics, robes, cloaks, and veils; layering, colour, and quality indicate climate, activity, and rank."
    },
    "material_world_scenes": [
        {
            "asset": "/assets/library/world-context/early-islamic-arabia/world-01.webp",
            "title": "Technology, science, and care",
            "description": "Metalwork, leather, weaving, wells, cisterns, and stone or earthen building answer the constraints of oases and caravan routes. Star navigation, calendars, genealogy, and practical calculation serve travel, trade, and ritual life; the great Islamic scholarly institutions are still in the future. Plant remedies, cautery, household care, and local practitioners treat injury and disease without specialized hospitals or germ theory."
        },
        {
            "asset": "/assets/library/world-context/early-islamic-arabia/world-02.webp",
            "title": "Travel and communication",
            "description": "Walking, camels, donkeys, and horses predominate. Caravans connect oases, ports, and markets through long journeys. Recited poetry, memory, messengers, letters, and handwritten contracts carry reputation, alliance, commerce, and proclamation."
        },
        {
            "asset": "/assets/library/world-context/early-islamic-arabia/world-03.webp",
            "title": "Farming and food",
            "description": "Date palms, grain, small irrigated gardens, and livestock use wells and oases; trade supplies many other goods."
        },
        {
            "asset": "/assets/library/world-context/early-islamic-arabia/world-04.webp",
            "title": "Clothing, women and men",
            "description": "Women and men wear wool, linen, or cotton tunics, robes, cloaks, and veils; layering, colour, and quality indicate climate, activity, and rank."
        }
    ],
    "intellectual_tradition": {
        "id": "islam",
        "label": "Islam"
    },
    "period": {
        "id": "ancient",
        "label": "Antiquity"
    },
    "languages": [
        "ar",
        "fr",
        "en"
    ],
    "manifestations": [
        {
            "file": "data/corpus/normalized/muhammad/quran/representations/ar.ndjson",
            "language": "ar",
            "records": 6236,
            "role": "original_revelation_carrier",
            "sha256": "8b313447f01a573a8eebaa268da18e7e4fd98a1a5d64fbefed6a35f84b125800",
            "source_id": "tanzil-quran-uthmani-1.1"
        },
        {
            "file": "data/corpus/normalized/muhammad/quran/representations/fr.ndjson",
            "language": "fr",
            "records": 6236,
            "role": "modern_human_translation",
            "sha256": "3b583a9a058e26adc7b8a2d2488321ea4fb61f5a9b797cf65d1ff53f86a59b34",
            "source_id": "tanzil-fr-hamidullah"
        },
        {
            "file": "data/corpus/normalized/muhammad/quran/representations/en.ndjson",
            "language": "en",
            "records": 6236,
            "role": "historical_human_translation",
            "sha256": "763f0465a8ddce4eaa340ec2035ad7877d02bb6e768327927cdb46ed3a787c20",
            "source_id": "tanzil-en-pickthall"
        }
    ],
    "concepts": [
        {
            "id": "accountability",
            "label": "Moral accountability"
        },
        {
            "id": "charity",
            "label": "Almsgiving and charity"
        },
        {
            "id": "creation",
            "label": "Creation"
        },
        {
            "id": "family",
            "label": "Family"
        },
        {
            "id": "god",
            "label": "God"
        },
        {
            "id": "mercy",
            "label": "Mercy"
        },
        {
            "id": "messiah",
            "label": "Messiah"
        },
        {
            "id": "patience",
            "label": "Steadfast patience"
        },
        {
            "id": "revelation",
            "label": "Revelation"
        },
        {
            "id": "salvation",
            "label": "Salvation"
        },
        {
            "id": "tawhid",
            "label": "Divine unity"
        }
    ],
    "source_work_ids": [
        "muhammad.quran"
    ],
    "passages": 6236,
    "word_count": 154964,
    "word_counts_by_language": {
        "ar": 285967,
        "en": 154964,
        "fr": 151702
    },
    "editorial_status": "gpt_5_6_semantic_draft_v1",
    "structure": {
        "citation_scheme": "quran-surah-ayah-v1",
        "kind": "native",
        "levels": [
            {
                "key": "surah",
                "label_fr": "Sourate",
                "label_en": "Surah"
            },
            {
                "key": "ayah",
                "label_fr": "Verset",
                "label_en": "Verse"
            }
        ],
        "leaf_fr": "Verset",
        "leaf_en": "Verse"
    },
    "canonical_passage_id": "passage:muhammad.quran:39.6",
    "canonical_ref": "39.6",
    "canonical_parent_ref": null,
    "canonical_parent_id": null,
    "representations": [
        {
            "language": "ar",
            "text": "خَلَقَكُم مِّن نَّفْسٍۢ وَٰحِدَةٍۢ ثُمَّ جَعَلَ مِنْهَا زَوْجَهَا وَأَنزَلَ لَكُم مِّنَ ٱلْأَنْعَٰمِ ثَمَٰنِيَةَ أَزْوَٰجٍۢ ۚ يَخْلُقُكُمْ فِى بُطُونِ أُمَّهَٰتِكُمْ خَلْقًۭا مِّنۢ بَعْدِ خَلْقٍۢ فِى ظُلُمَٰتٍۢ ثَلَٰثٍۢ ۚ ذَٰلِكُمُ ٱللَّهُ رَبُّكُمْ لَهُ ٱلْمُلْكُ ۖ لَآ إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ ۖ فَأَنَّىٰ تُصْرَفُونَ",
            "edition": "Tanzil Quran Text 1.1, Uthmani",
            "source_id": "tanzil-quran-uthmani-1.1"
        },
        {
            "language": "fr",
            "text": "Il vous a créés d'une personne unique et a tiré d'elle son épouse. Et Il a fait descendre [créé] pour vous huit couples de bestiaux. Il vous crée dans les ventres de vos mères, création après création, dans trois ténèbres. Tel est Allah, votre Seigneur! A Lui appartient toute la Royauté. Point de divinité à part Lui. Comment pouvez-vous vous détourner [de son culte]?",
            "translator": "Muhammad Hamidullah",
            "edition": "Le Saint Coran, traduction Muhammad Hamidullah",
            "source_id": "tanzil-fr-hamidullah",
            "translation_type": "modern_human_translation"
        },
        {
            "language": "en",
            "text": "He created you from one being, then from that (being) He made its mate; and He hath provided for you of cattle eight kinds. He created you in the wombs of your mothers, creation after creation, in a threefold gloom. Such is Allah, your Lord. His is the Sovereignty. There is no Allah save Him. How then are ye turned away?",
            "translator": "Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall",
            "edition": "The Meaning of the Glorious Koran (1930)",
            "source_id": "tanzil-en-pickthall",
            "translation_type": "historical_human_translation"
        }
    ],
    "content_checksum": "191cc17d7607d8f8a39fa174186fe6fac07f443a36ca66a51cb343e73a8acc0d"
}