{
    "schema": "prokopton42-public-work-v1",
    "id": "musonius_rufus.ancient_testimonia",
    "canonical_url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/works/musonius-rufus/ancient-testimonia/",
    "language": "en",
    "title": "Ancient Biographical Testimonia on Musonius Rufus",
    "author": "Musonius Rufus",
    "date": "testimonies from the 1st to 3rd centuries CE",
    "summary": "This dossier gathers ancient accounts of Musonius Rufus’ life, exiles, teaching, and reputation. The witnesses present the philosopher through other authors’ perspectives; they form neither autobiography nor a work written by him.",
    "learning": "Assess testimony by author and date, distinguish reported speech from established event, and compare ancient portraits of Musonius.",
    "long_summary": "The testimonia place Musonius among students, before imperial power, or under exile. They construct exemplary character through decisions, reported speech, and judgements about philosophical consistency.\n\nEach source has its own date, genre, and intention. A biographical anecdote may illuminate Musonius’ reception without establishing every historical detail. Editorial grouping enables comparison but should not erase disagreement or chronological distance.",
    "historical_context": "The corpus manifests do not yet establish the precise place and circumstances of composition. The images below document the author’s world or the text’s transmission. They do not claim to show the exact scene of writing.",
    "material_world_label": "Roman world, 1st century BCE to 3rd century CE",
    "material_world": {
        "technology": "Paved roads, aqueducts, concrete, glassware, mills, and hypocaust heating equip some cities, but energy comes mainly from bodies, animals, water, and wood.",
        "science": "Astronomy, geometry, natural history, and engineering compile Greek, Egyptian, and Roman knowledge. Measurement exists without a modern laboratory.",
        "medicine": "Physicians, midwives, baths, plants, and rudimentary surgery can help; reliable anaesthesia, antisepsis, and antibiotics do not exist.",
        "transport": "On foot, horseback, cart, or ship, road and sea networks connect the Empire. Travel remains slow, costly, and risky.",
        "agriculture": "Grain, vines, olives, pulses, and livestock supply cities and armies; estates, slavery, and tenancy organize part of the labour.",
        "communication": "Imperial couriers, letters on papyrus or tablets, inscriptions, and oral proclamations spread information. Everything is copied by hand.",
        "clothing": "Tunics and cloaks are common to both sexes; the stola, toga, footwear, colours, and jewellery mark citizenship, office, wealth, and origin."
    },
    "material_world_scenes": [
        {
            "asset": "/assets/timeline/landmarks/09-54-ce/world-01.webp",
            "title": "Technology, science, and care",
            "description": "Paved roads, aqueducts, concrete, glassware, mills, and hypocaust heating equip some cities, but energy comes mainly from bodies, animals, water, and wood. Astronomy, geometry, natural history, and engineering compile Greek, Egyptian, and Roman knowledge. Measurement exists without a modern laboratory. Physicians, midwives, baths, plants, and rudimentary surgery can help; reliable anaesthesia, antisepsis, and antibiotics do not exist."
        },
        {
            "asset": "/assets/timeline/landmarks/09-54-ce/world-02.webp",
            "title": "Travel and communication",
            "description": "On foot, horseback, cart, or ship, road and sea networks connect the Empire. Travel remains slow, costly, and risky. Imperial couriers, letters on papyrus or tablets, inscriptions, and oral proclamations spread information. Everything is copied by hand."
        },
        {
            "asset": "/assets/timeline/landmarks/09-54-ce/world-03.webp",
            "title": "Farming and food",
            "description": "Grain, vines, olives, pulses, and livestock supply cities and armies; estates, slavery, and tenancy organize part of the labour."
        },
        {
            "asset": "/assets/timeline/landmarks/09-54-ce/world-04.webp",
            "title": "Clothing, women and men",
            "description": "Tunics and cloaks are common to both sexes; the stola, toga, footwear, colours, and jewellery mark citizenship, office, wealth, and origin."
        }
    ],
    "intellectual_tradition": {
        "id": "stoicism",
        "label": "Stoicism"
    },
    "period": {
        "id": "ancient",
        "label": "Antiquity"
    },
    "languages": [
        "multilingual",
        "en",
        "fr"
    ],
    "manifestations": [
        {
            "coverage": "complete",
            "file": "data/corpus/normalized/musonius_rufus/ancient_testimonia/representations/en.ndjson",
            "language": "multilingual",
            "records": 4,
            "role": "translation",
            "sha256": "986fd476937e13c2c4a80d26623a2e4ba2863f9fd4466c94a5286e2c4b6b7d32",
            "source_id": "per-passage-ancient-testimony-source"
        },
        {
            "coverage": "fills_missing_source_attested_coverage",
            "file": "data/corpus/normalized/musonius_rufus/ancient_testimonia/representations/ai-generated/en-gpt-5-6-sol-corpus-passage-translation-v1.ndjson",
            "generated_on": "2026-09-11",
            "language": "en",
            "model": "gpt-5.6-sol",
            "official_status": "non_official",
            "prompt_version": "corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "provider": "codex_subscription",
            "records": 3,
            "role": "ai_generated_translation_non_official",
            "sha256": "0a6435d75025a0dd5ce9385a08d514a743c213cd7f9f7053380974206a968bc3",
            "source_id": "prokopton42-codex-translation:gpt-5.6-sol:corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "translation_type": "ai_generated_translation"
        },
        {
            "coverage": "complete",
            "file": "data/corpus/normalized/musonius_rufus/ancient_testimonia/representations/ai-generated/fr-gpt-5-6-sol-corpus-passage-translation-v1.ndjson",
            "generated_on": "2026-09-11",
            "language": "fr",
            "model": "gpt-5.6-sol",
            "official_status": "non_official",
            "prompt_version": "corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "provider": "codex_subscription",
            "records": 4,
            "role": "ai_generated_translation_non_official",
            "sha256": "130a53fc1eed8ef8ac75042cf1391938addd0c31700a81d5a23a6704e7c68d1d",
            "source_id": "prokopton42-codex-translation:gpt-5.6-sol:corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "translation_type": "ai_generated_translation"
        }
    ],
    "concepts": [
        {
            "id": "family",
            "label": "Family",
            "count": 4
        },
        {
            "id": "philosophical_training",
            "label": "Philosophical training",
            "count": 4
        },
        {
            "id": "sin",
            "label": "Sin",
            "count": 4
        },
        {
            "id": "theory_and_practice",
            "label": "Theory and practice",
            "count": 4
        },
        {
            "id": "virtue",
            "label": "Virtue",
            "count": 4
        },
        {
            "id": "reason",
            "label": "Reason",
            "count": 3
        },
        {
            "id": "time",
            "label": "Time",
            "count": 3
        },
        {
            "id": "law",
            "label": "Law",
            "count": 2
        },
        {
            "id": "care_of_soul",
            "label": "Care of the soul",
            "count": 2
        },
        {
            "id": "nature",
            "label": "Nature",
            "count": 2
        },
        {
            "id": "suffering",
            "label": "Suffering",
            "count": 2
        },
        {
            "id": "wisdom",
            "label": "Wisdom",
            "count": 2
        }
    ],
    "source_work_ids": [
        "musonius_rufus.ancient_testimonia"
    ],
    "passages": 4,
    "word_count": 1034,
    "word_counts_by_language": {
        "en": 1034,
        "fr": 1176,
        "multilingual": 942
    },
    "editorial_status": "gpt_5_6_semantic_draft_v1",
    "structure": {
        "citation_scheme": "musonius-carrier-explicit-v1",
        "kind": "native",
        "levels": [
            {
                "key": "reference",
                "label_fr": "Référence",
                "label_en": "Reference"
            }
        ],
        "leaf_fr": "Passage",
        "leaf_en": "Passage"
    },
    "content_checksum": "a8a1da21822edfa1fd68006a951c5771efa13b0d38de60e12a3540136202c7b6"
}