{
    "schema": "prokopton42-public-passage-v1",
    "id": "nietzsche.gay_science",
    "canonical_url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/works/nietzsche/gay-science/reference-b0182/",
    "language": "en",
    "title": "The Gay Science",
    "author": "Friedrich Nietzsche",
    "date": "1882; expanded edition in 1887",
    "summary": "The Gay Science must be read through its period, genre, and precise polemical target. Its striking formulations do not replace the movement of the text.",
    "learning": "To read The Gay Science, name the attacked value, recover its target and period, then test a counter-perspective without turning provocation into dogma.",
    "long_summary": "In The Gay Science, canonical identity follows the eKGWB editorial block and preserves its source anchor. Critical German and AI-generated French and English remain distinct manifestations.\n\nThis reading requires following the polemic’s target, the adopted mask, and shifts between periods. An isolated aphorism is neither a complete system nor permission to crush another person.",
    "historical_context": "The corpus manifests do not yet establish the precise place and circumstances of composition. The images below document the author’s world or the text’s transmission. They do not claim to show the exact scene of writing.",
    "material_world_label": "World of 1989",
    "material_world": {
        "technology": "Personal computers, satellites, video, industrial robots, and expensive mobile phones exist, but the public Web does not yet.",
        "science": "Computing, genetics, climate science, cosmology, and medical imaging produce growing data and international collaboration.",
        "medicine": "CT, MRI, transplantation, vaccines, and intensive care advance; the AIDS epidemic exposes both medical capacity and its limits.",
        "transport": "Cars, high-speed rail, metros, aircraft, and containers globalize people and goods.",
        "agriculture": "Machinery, chemical inputs, breeding, and cold chains support high yields with increasingly debated social and environmental costs.",
        "communication": "Fixed telephones, fax, television, radio, and newspapers predominate. Email and computer networks remain mainly professional or academic.",
        "clothing": "Loose suits, jeans, trainers, women’s power suits, sportswear, and urban subcultures create highly varied silhouettes."
    },
    "material_world_scenes": [
        {
            "asset": "/assets/timeline/landmarks/30-1989-ce/world-01.webp",
            "title": "Technology, science, and care",
            "description": "Personal computers, satellites, video, industrial robots, and expensive mobile phones exist, but the public Web does not yet. Computing, genetics, climate science, cosmology, and medical imaging produce growing data and international collaboration. CT, MRI, transplantation, vaccines, and intensive care advance; the AIDS epidemic exposes both medical capacity and its limits."
        },
        {
            "asset": "/assets/timeline/landmarks/30-1989-ce/world-02.webp",
            "title": "Travel and communication",
            "description": "Cars, high-speed rail, metros, aircraft, and containers globalize people and goods. Fixed telephones, fax, television, radio, and newspapers predominate. Email and computer networks remain mainly professional or academic."
        },
        {
            "asset": "/assets/timeline/landmarks/30-1989-ce/world-03.webp",
            "title": "Farming and food",
            "description": "Machinery, chemical inputs, breeding, and cold chains support high yields with increasingly debated social and environmental costs."
        },
        {
            "asset": "/assets/timeline/landmarks/30-1989-ce/world-04.webp",
            "title": "Clothing, women and men",
            "description": "Loose suits, jeans, trainers, women’s power suits, sportswear, and urban subcultures create highly varied silhouettes."
        }
    ],
    "intellectual_tradition": {
        "id": "modern-philosophy",
        "label": "Modern and contemporary philosophy"
    },
    "period": {
        "id": "modern",
        "label": "Modern era"
    },
    "languages": [
        "de",
        "en",
        "fr"
    ],
    "manifestations": [
        {
            "coverage": "complete",
            "file": "data/corpus/normalized/nietzsche/gay_science/representations/de.ndjson",
            "language": "de",
            "records": 472,
            "role": "digital_critical_original_language",
            "sha256": "570380ee5ce2664a0a2f07e5ea7c67914e8a767cdaf586aee4c3fb40209f0cdd",
            "source_id": "nietzsche-source-ekgwb"
        },
        {
            "coverage": "complete",
            "file": "data/corpus/normalized/nietzsche/gay_science/representations/ai-generated/en-gpt-5-6-sol-corpus-passage-translation-v1.ndjson",
            "generated_on": "2026-09-13",
            "language": "en",
            "model": "gpt-5.6-sol",
            "official_status": "non_official",
            "prompt_version": "corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "provider": "codex_subscription",
            "records": 472,
            "role": "ai_generated_translation_non_official",
            "sha256": "75376411408cdc750e97665e338cc958819ec10f7b198d1f906354809bac7238",
            "source_id": "prokopton42-codex-translation:gpt-5.6-sol:corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "translation_type": "ai_generated_translation"
        },
        {
            "coverage": "complete",
            "file": "data/corpus/normalized/nietzsche/gay_science/representations/ai-generated/fr-gpt-5-6-sol-corpus-passage-translation-v1.ndjson",
            "generated_on": "2026-09-13",
            "language": "fr",
            "model": "gpt-5.6-sol",
            "official_status": "non_official",
            "prompt_version": "corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "provider": "codex_subscription",
            "records": 472,
            "role": "ai_generated_translation_non_official",
            "sha256": "467eb9217f5107752e256c84effad078712a53d4a50a790e1057947ce3f75d5b",
            "source_id": "prokopton42-codex-translation:gpt-5.6-sol:corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "translation_type": "ai_generated_translation"
        }
    ],
    "concepts": [
        {
            "id": "eternal_recurrence",
            "label": "Eternal recurrence"
        },
        {
            "id": "genealogy_of_values",
            "label": "Genealogy of values"
        },
        {
            "id": "perspectival_inquiry",
            "label": "Perspectival inquiry"
        },
        {
            "id": "ressentiment",
            "label": "Ressentiment"
        },
        {
            "id": "self_overcoming",
            "label": "Self-overcoming"
        },
        {
            "id": "sin",
            "label": "Sin"
        },
        {
            "id": "war_and_peace",
            "label": "War and peace"
        },
        {
            "id": "will_to_power",
            "label": "Will to power"
        }
    ],
    "source_work_ids": [
        "nietzsche.gay_science"
    ],
    "passages": 472,
    "word_count": 82103,
    "word_counts_by_language": {
        "de": 76341,
        "en": 82103,
        "fr": 84923
    },
    "editorial_status": "gpt_5_6_semantic_draft_v1",
    "structure": {
        "citation_scheme": "ekgwb-text-block-segment-v1",
        "kind": "native",
        "levels": [
            {
                "key": "block",
                "label_fr": "Bloc critique",
                "label_en": "Critical block"
            },
            {
                "key": "segment",
                "label_fr": "Segment",
                "label_en": "Segment"
            }
        ],
        "leaf_fr": "Bloc",
        "leaf_en": "Block"
    },
    "canonical_passage_id": "passage:nietzsche.gay_science:b0182",
    "canonical_ref": "b0182",
    "canonical_parent_ref": null,
    "canonical_parent_id": null,
    "representations": [
        {
            "language": "de",
            "text": "113. Zur Lehre von den Giften. — Es gehört so viel zusammen, damit ein wissenschaftliches Denken entstehe: und alle diese nöthigen Kräfte haben einzeln erfunden, geübt, gepflegt werden müssen! In ihrer Vereinzelung haben sie aber sehr häufig eine ganz andere Wirkung gehabt als jetzt, wo sie innerhalb des wissenschaftlichen Denkens sich gegenseitig beschränken und in Zucht halten: — sie haben als Gifte gewirkt, zum Beispiel der anzweifelnde Trieb, der verneinende Trieb, der abwartende Trieb, der sammelnde Trieb, der auflösende Trieb. Viele Hekatomben von Menschen sind zum Opfer gebracht worden, ehe diese Triebe lernten, ihr Nebeneinander zu begreifen und sich mit einander als Functionen Einer organisirenden Gewalt in Einem Menschen zu fühlen! Und wie ferne sind wir noch davon, dass zum wissenschaftlichen Denken sich auch noch die künstlerischen Kräfte und die practische Weisheit des Lebens hinzufinden, dass ein höheres organisches System sich bildet, in Bezug auf welches der Gelehrte, der Arzt, der Künstler und der Gesetzgeber, so wie wir jetzt diese kennen, als dürftige Alterthümer erscheinen müssten!",
            "source_id": "nietzsche-source-ekgwb",
            "translation_type": "digital_critical_original_language"
        },
        {
            "language": "en",
            "text": "113. Toward a Doctrine of Poisons. So many things must come together for scientific thinking to arise, and all these necessary powers had first to be invented, practiced, and cultivated separately! In their isolation, however, they very often had an entirely different effect from the one they have now, when, within scientific thinking, they mutually restrain and discipline one another: they acted as poisons, for example, the drive to doubt, the drive to deny, the drive to wait, the drive to collect, and the drive to dissolve. Many hecatombs of human beings were sacrificed before these drives learned to understand their coexistence and to feel themselves together as functions of one organizing power within one person! And how far we still are from having artistic powers and the practical wisdom of life join scientific thinking as well, so that a higher organic system might form, in relation to which the scholar, the physician, the artist, and the legislator, as we now know them, would have to appear as meager antiquities!",
            "translator": "Codex gpt-5.6-sol",
            "edition": "Prokopton42 non-official AI translation, 2026-09-13",
            "source_id": "prokopton42-codex-translation:gpt-5.6-sol:corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "translation_type": "ai_generated_translation",
            "official_status": "non_official",
            "generation_model": "gpt-5.6-sol"
        },
        {
            "language": "fr",
            "text": "113. Contribution à la doctrine des poisons. Tant de choses doivent se conjuguer pour qu’une pensée scientifique puisse naître : et toutes les forces nécessaires ont dû être inventées, exercées et cultivées séparément ! Mais, dans leur isolement, elles ont très souvent produit un effet tout différent de celui qu’elles produisent maintenant, lorsqu’elles se limitent et se tiennent mutuellement en discipline au sein de la pensée scientifique : elles ont agi comme des poisons, par exemple l’instinct qui met en doute, l’instinct qui nie, l’instinct qui attend, l’instinct qui rassemble, l’instinct qui décompose. Il a fallu sacrifier bien des hécatombes d’hommes avant que ces instincts apprennent à comprendre leur coexistence et à se sentir les uns avec les autres, dans un seul homme, comme les fonctions d’une seule puissance organisatrice ! Et combien nous sommes encore loin de voir les forces artistiques et la sagesse pratique de la vie venir s’adjoindre à la pensée scientifique, de voir se former un système organique supérieur par rapport auquel le savant, le médecin, l’artiste et le législateur, tels que nous les connaissons aujourd’hui, devraient apparaître comme de pauvres antiquités !",
            "translator": "Codex gpt-5.6-sol",
            "edition": "Prokopton42 non-official AI translation, 2026-09-13",
            "source_id": "prokopton42-codex-translation:gpt-5.6-sol:corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "translation_type": "ai_generated_translation",
            "official_status": "non_official",
            "generation_model": "gpt-5.6-sol"
        }
    ],
    "content_checksum": "d9afc625508c94711ee0910d024ebc5740d544c9e2fcac740d941fd4ebf1978b"
}