{
    "schema": "prokopton42-public-passage-v1",
    "id": "nietzsche.human_all_too_human_2",
    "canonical_url": "https://prokopton42.com/en/works/nietzsche/human-all-too-human-2/reference-b0504/",
    "language": "en",
    "title": "Human, All Too Human II",
    "author": "Friedrich Nietzsche",
    "date": "1879-1880; combined edition in 1886",
    "summary": "Human, All Too Human II must be read through its period, genre, and precise polemical target. Its striking formulations do not replace the movement of the text.",
    "learning": "To read Human, All Too Human II, name the attacked value, recover its target and period, then test a counter-perspective without turning provocation into dogma.",
    "long_summary": "In Human, All Too Human II, canonical identity follows the eKGWB editorial block and preserves its source anchor. Critical German and AI-generated French and English remain distinct manifestations.\n\nThis reading requires following the polemic’s target, the adopted mask, and shifts between periods. An isolated aphorism is neither a complete system nor permission to crush another person.",
    "historical_context": "The corpus manifests do not yet establish the precise place and circumstances of composition. The images below document the author’s world or the text’s transmission. They do not claim to show the exact scene of writing.",
    "material_world_label": "World of 1989",
    "material_world": {
        "technology": "Personal computers, satellites, video, industrial robots, and expensive mobile phones exist, but the public Web does not yet.",
        "science": "Computing, genetics, climate science, cosmology, and medical imaging produce growing data and international collaboration.",
        "medicine": "CT, MRI, transplantation, vaccines, and intensive care advance; the AIDS epidemic exposes both medical capacity and its limits.",
        "transport": "Cars, high-speed rail, metros, aircraft, and containers globalize people and goods.",
        "agriculture": "Machinery, chemical inputs, breeding, and cold chains support high yields with increasingly debated social and environmental costs.",
        "communication": "Fixed telephones, fax, television, radio, and newspapers predominate. Email and computer networks remain mainly professional or academic.",
        "clothing": "Loose suits, jeans, trainers, women’s power suits, sportswear, and urban subcultures create highly varied silhouettes."
    },
    "material_world_scenes": [
        {
            "asset": "/assets/timeline/landmarks/30-1989-ce/world-01.webp",
            "title": "Technology, science, and care",
            "description": "Personal computers, satellites, video, industrial robots, and expensive mobile phones exist, but the public Web does not yet. Computing, genetics, climate science, cosmology, and medical imaging produce growing data and international collaboration. CT, MRI, transplantation, vaccines, and intensive care advance; the AIDS epidemic exposes both medical capacity and its limits."
        },
        {
            "asset": "/assets/timeline/landmarks/30-1989-ce/world-02.webp",
            "title": "Travel and communication",
            "description": "Cars, high-speed rail, metros, aircraft, and containers globalize people and goods. Fixed telephones, fax, television, radio, and newspapers predominate. Email and computer networks remain mainly professional or academic."
        },
        {
            "asset": "/assets/timeline/landmarks/30-1989-ce/world-03.webp",
            "title": "Farming and food",
            "description": "Machinery, chemical inputs, breeding, and cold chains support high yields with increasingly debated social and environmental costs."
        },
        {
            "asset": "/assets/timeline/landmarks/30-1989-ce/world-04.webp",
            "title": "Clothing, women and men",
            "description": "Loose suits, jeans, trainers, women’s power suits, sportswear, and urban subcultures create highly varied silhouettes."
        }
    ],
    "intellectual_tradition": {
        "id": "modern-philosophy",
        "label": "Modern and contemporary philosophy"
    },
    "period": {
        "id": "modern",
        "label": "Modern era"
    },
    "languages": [
        "de",
        "en",
        "fr"
    ],
    "manifestations": [
        {
            "coverage": "complete",
            "file": "data/corpus/normalized/nietzsche/human_all_too_human_2/representations/de.ndjson",
            "language": "de",
            "records": 769,
            "role": "digital_critical_original_language",
            "sha256": "a690a6c97a06e90724d85c4775c41db252e1b99a78a63ec25fb54d446aa71f6f",
            "source_id": "nietzsche-source-ekgwb"
        },
        {
            "coverage": "complete",
            "file": "data/corpus/normalized/nietzsche/human_all_too_human_2/representations/ai-generated/en-gpt-5-6-sol-corpus-passage-translation-v1.ndjson",
            "generated_on": "2026-09-13",
            "language": "en",
            "model": "gpt-5.6-sol",
            "official_status": "non_official",
            "prompt_version": "corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "provider": "codex_subscription",
            "records": 769,
            "role": "ai_generated_translation_non_official",
            "sha256": "2f21215ab7ce3ef283a5b480d2b0da35416e77b5bfa9bda6b5dcff80f319185d",
            "source_id": "prokopton42-codex-translation:gpt-5.6-sol:corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "translation_type": "ai_generated_translation"
        },
        {
            "coverage": "complete",
            "file": "data/corpus/normalized/nietzsche/human_all_too_human_2/representations/ai-generated/fr-gpt-5-6-sol-corpus-passage-translation-v1.ndjson",
            "generated_on": "2026-09-13",
            "language": "fr",
            "model": "gpt-5.6-sol",
            "official_status": "non_official",
            "prompt_version": "corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "provider": "codex_subscription",
            "records": 769,
            "role": "ai_generated_translation_non_official",
            "sha256": "a0839aa7784bb64ddaec53fc206d5da8699c70e8a60959fd3efa554faa00fa08",
            "source_id": "prokopton42-codex-translation:gpt-5.6-sol:corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "translation_type": "ai_generated_translation"
        }
    ],
    "concepts": [
        {
            "id": "eternal_recurrence",
            "label": "Eternal recurrence"
        },
        {
            "id": "genealogy_of_values",
            "label": "Genealogy of values"
        },
        {
            "id": "perspectival_inquiry",
            "label": "Perspectival inquiry"
        },
        {
            "id": "ressentiment",
            "label": "Ressentiment"
        },
        {
            "id": "self_overcoming",
            "label": "Self-overcoming"
        },
        {
            "id": "sin",
            "label": "Sin"
        },
        {
            "id": "will_to_power",
            "label": "Will to power"
        }
    ],
    "source_work_ids": [
        "nietzsche.human_all_too_human_2"
    ],
    "passages": 769,
    "word_count": 82229,
    "word_counts_by_language": {
        "de": 76927,
        "en": 82229,
        "fr": 87150
    },
    "editorial_status": "gpt_5_6_semantic_draft_v1",
    "structure": {
        "citation_scheme": "ekgwb-text-block-segment-v1",
        "kind": "native",
        "levels": [
            {
                "key": "block",
                "label_fr": "Bloc critique",
                "label_en": "Critical block"
            },
            {
                "key": "segment",
                "label_fr": "Segment",
                "label_en": "Segment"
            }
        ],
        "leaf_fr": "Bloc",
        "leaf_en": "Block"
    },
    "canonical_passage_id": "passage:nietzsche.human_all_too_human_2:b0504",
    "canonical_ref": "b0504",
    "canonical_parent_ref": null,
    "canonical_parent_id": null,
    "representations": [
        {
            "language": "de",
            "text": "87. Gut schreiben lernen. — Die Zeit des gut-Redens ist vorbei, weil die Zeit der Stadt-Culturen vorbei ist. Die letzte Gränze, welche Aristoteles der grossen Stadt erlaubte — es müsse der Herold noch im Stande sein, sich der ganzen versammelten Gemeinde vernehmbar zu machen —, diese Gränze kümmert uns so wenig, als uns überhaupt noch Stadtgemeinden kümmern, uns, die wir selbst über die Völker hinweg verstanden werden wollen. Desshalb muss jetzt ein Jeder, der gut europäisch gesinnt ist, gut und immer besser schreiben lernen: es hilft Nichts, und wenn er selbst in Deutschland geboren ist, wo man das schlecht-Schreiben als nationales Vorrecht behandelt. Besser schreiben aber heisst zugleich auch besser denken; immer Mittheilenswertheres erfinden und es wirklich mittheilen können; übersetzbar werden für die Sprachen der Nachbarn; zugänglich sich dem Verständnisse jener Ausländer machen, welche unsere Sprache lernen; dahin wirken, dass alles Gute Gemeingut werde und den Freien Alles frei stehe; endlich, jenen jetzt noch so fernen Zustand der Dinge vorbereiten, wo den guten Europäern ihre grosse Aufgabe in die Hände fällt: die Leitung und Ueberwachung der gesammten Erdcultur. — Wer das Gegentheil predigt, sich nicht um das gut-Schreiben und gut-Lesen zu kümmern — beide Tugenden wachsen mit einander und nehmen mit einander ab —, der zeigt in der That den Völkern einen Weg, wie sie immer noch mehr national werden können: er vermehrt die Krankheit dieses Jahrhunderts und ist ein Feind der guten Europäer, ein Feind der freien Geister.",
            "source_id": "nietzsche-source-ekgwb",
            "translation_type": "digital_critical_original_language"
        },
        {
            "language": "en",
            "text": "87. Learning to Write Well. The age of speaking well is past, because the age of urban cultures is past. The outermost limit Aristotle allowed the great city, that the herald must still be able to make himself heard by the whole assembled community, concerns us as little as urban communities concern us at all, we who wish to be understood even across nations. Therefore everyone who is well disposed toward Europe must now learn to write well and ever better: nothing can alter this, even if he was born in Germany, where writing badly is treated as a national privilege. But to write better also means to think better; to devise things ever more worthy of communication and actually to be able to communicate them; to become translatable into the languages of one’s neighbours; to make oneself accessible to the understanding of those foreigners who learn our language; to work toward making everything good common property and everything freely available to the free; finally, to prepare that still so distant state of affairs in which the great task will fall into the hands of good Europeans: the direction and supervision of the entire culture of the earth. Whoever preaches the opposite, that one should not trouble oneself about writing well and reading well, two virtues that grow and decline together, is in fact showing nations a way to become ever more national: he aggravates the disease of this century and is an enemy of good Europeans, an enemy of free spirits.",
            "translator": "Codex gpt-5.6-sol",
            "edition": "Prokopton42 non-official AI translation, 2026-09-13",
            "source_id": "prokopton42-codex-translation:gpt-5.6-sol:corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "translation_type": "ai_generated_translation",
            "official_status": "non_official",
            "generation_model": "gpt-5.6-sol"
        },
        {
            "language": "fr",
            "text": "87. Apprendre à bien écrire. Le temps du bien-parler est passé, parce que le temps des cultures urbaines est passé. La dernière limite qu’Aristote assignait à la grande ville, à savoir que le héraut devait encore pouvoir se faire entendre de toute la communauté assemblée, nous importe aussi peu que nous importent encore, de manière générale, les communautés urbaines, à nous qui voulons être compris par-delà les peuples eux-mêmes. C’est pourquoi quiconque possède de bonnes dispositions européennes doit maintenant apprendre à bien écrire, et à écrire toujours mieux : rien n’y fait, même s’il est né en Allemagne, où l’on traite le mal-écrire comme un privilège national. Mais mieux écrire signifie aussi mieux penser ; inventer des choses toujours plus dignes d’être communiquées et pouvoir réellement les communiquer ; devenir traduisible dans les langues des voisins ; se rendre accessible à la compréhension des étrangers qui apprennent notre langue ; œuvrer pour que tout ce qui est bon devienne bien commun et que tout soit librement accessible aux hommes libres ; enfin, préparer cet état de choses encore si lointain où la grande tâche échoira aux bons Européens : la direction et la surveillance de toute la culture terrestre. Celui qui prêche le contraire, qui recommande de ne pas se soucier de bien écrire ni de bien lire, ces deux vertus croissant et déclinant ensemble, montre en vérité aux peuples une voie par laquelle ils peuvent devenir toujours plus nationaux : il accroît la maladie de ce siècle et se fait l’ennemi des bons Européens, l’ennemi des esprits libres.",
            "translator": "Codex gpt-5.6-sol",
            "edition": "Prokopton42 non-official AI translation, 2026-09-13",
            "source_id": "prokopton42-codex-translation:gpt-5.6-sol:corpus-passage-translation-v1",
            "translation_type": "ai_generated_translation",
            "official_status": "non_official",
            "generation_model": "gpt-5.6-sol"
        }
    ],
    "content_checksum": "757c3400061a7ac6a6c7cdfb5baf1820e847d17f8920401c629fd0fba3e95296"
}