# On Tranquillity of Mind

- Identifiant : `seneca.de_tranquillitate_animi`
- Auteur : Seneca
- URL canonique : https://prokopton42.com/en/works/seneca/de-tranquillitate-animi/reference-7/
- Empreinte : `64bba3342bae162a23677c9a283c6f168b686f9ab4711e064a2a4c244d808afb`

## Passage 7

### Latin

Hominum utique dilectus habendus est: an digni sint quibus partem vitae nostrae impendamus, an ad illos temporis nostri iactura perveniat ; quidam enim ultro officia nobis nostra imputant. Athenodorus ait ne ad cenam quidem se iturum ad eum, qui sibi nil pro hoc debiturus sit. Puto intellegis multo minus ad eos iturum, qui eum amicorum officiis paria mensa faciunt, qui fericula pro congiaris numerant, quasi in alienum honorem intemperantes sint. Deme illis testes spectatoresque, non delectabit popina secreta. Considerandum est, utrum natura tua agendis rebus an otioso studio contemplationique aptior sit, et eo inclinandum, quo te vis ingenii feret. Isocrates Ephorum iniecta manu a foro subduxit utiliorem componendis monumentis historiarum ratus ; male enim respondent coacta ingenia, reluctante natura irritus labor est. Nihil tamen aeque oblectaverit animum, quam amicitia fidelis et dulcis. Quantum bonum est, ubi praeparata sunt pectora, in quae tuto secretum omne descendat, quorum conscientiam minus quam tuam timeas, quorum sermo sollicitudinem leniat, sententia consilium expediat, hilaritas tristitiam dissipet, conspectus ipse delectet ! Quos scilicet vacuos, quantum fieri poterit, a cupiditatibus eligemus ; serpunt enim vitia et in proximum quemque transiliunt et contactu nocent. Itaque quemadmodum in pestilentia curandum est, ne correptis iam corporibus et morbo flagrantibus adsideamus, quia pericula trahemus adflatuque ipso laborabimus, ita in amicorum legendis ingeniis dabimus operam, ut quam minime inquinatos adsumamus ; initium morbi est aegris sana miscere. Nec hoc praeceperim tibi, ut neminem nisi sapientem sequaris aut adtrahas. Ubi enim istum invenies, quem tot saeculis quaerimus ? Pro optimo sit minime malus ! Vix tibi esset facultas dilectus felicioris, si inter Platonas et Xenophontas et illum Socratici fetus proventum bonos quaereres, aut si tibi potestas Catonianae fieret aetatis, quae plerosque dignos tulit, qui Catonis saeculo nascerentur, sicut multos peiores quam umquam alias maximorumque molitores scelerum ; utraque enim turba opus erat, ut Cato posset intellegi : habere debuit et bonos, quibus se adprobaret, et malos, in quibus vim suam experiretur. Nunc vero in tanta bonorum egestate minus fastidiosa fiat electio. Praecipue tamen vitentur tristes et omnia deplorantes, quibus nulla non causa in querellas placet. Constet illi licet fides et benivolentia, tranquillitati tamen inimicus est comes perturbatus et omnia gemens.

### English

In all cases one should be careful in one’s choice of men, and see whether they be worthy of our bestowing a part of our life upon them, or whether we shall waste our own time and theirs also: for some even consider us to be in their debt because of our services to them. Athenodorus said that “he would not so much as dine with a man who would not be grateful to him for doing so”: meaning, I imagine, that much less would he go to dinner with those who recompense the services of their friends by their table, and regard courses of dishes as donatives, as if they overate themselves to do honour to others. Take away from these men their witnesses and spectators: they will take no pleasure in solitary gluttony. You must decide whether your disposition is better suited for vigorous action or for tranquil speculation and contemplation, and you must adopt whichever the bent of your genius inclines you for. Isocrates laid hands upon Ephorus and led him away from the forum, thinking that he would be more usefully employed in compiling chronicles; for no good is done by forcing one’s mind to engage in uncongenial work: it is vain to struggle against Nature. Yet nothing delights the mind so much as faithful and pleasant friendship: what a blessing it is when there is one whose breast is ready to receive all your secrets with safety, whose knowledge of your actions you fear less than your own conscience, whose conversation removes your anxieties, whose advice assists your plans, whose cheerfulness dispels your gloom, whose very sight delights you! We should choose for our friends men who are, as far as possible, free from strong desires: for vices are contagious, and pass from a man to his neighbour, and injure those who touch them. As, therefore, in times of pestilence we have to be careful not to sit near people who are infected and in whom the disease is raging, because by so doing, we shall run into danger and catch the plague from their very breath; so, too, in choosing our friends’ dispositions, we must take care to select those who are as far as may be unspotted by the world; for the way to breed disease is to mix what is sound with what is rotten. Yet I do not advise you to follow after or draw to yourself no one except a wise man: for where will you find him whom for so many centuries we have sought in vain? in the place of the best possible man take him who is least bad. You would hardly find any time that would have enabled you to make a happier choice than if you could have sought for a good man from among the Platos and Xenophons and the rest of the produce of the brood of Socrates, or if you had been permitted to choose one from the age of Cato: an age which bore many men worthy to be born in Cato’s time (just as it also bore many men worse than were ever known before, planners of the blackest crimes: for it needed both classes in order to make Cato understood: it wanted both good men, that he might win their approbation, and bad men, against whom he could prove his strength): but at the present day, when there is such a dearth of good men, you must be less squeamish in your choice. Above all, however, avoid dismal men who grumble at whatever happens, and find something to complain of in everything. Though he may continue loyal and friendly towards you, still one’s peace of mind is destroyed by a comrade whose mind is soured and who meets every incident with a groan.

### French

Mais rien n’est délicieux à l’âme comme une amitié fidèle et tendre. Quel trésor que des cœurs prêts à recevoir sans danger pour nous tous nos secrets, des consciences qui nous sont moins sévères que la nôtre, des hommes dont charme nos soucis, dont le prudent conseil nous éclaire dont la gaieté dissipe nos chagrins, dont la vue seule nous réjouit ! Choisissons-les ces amis, autant qu’il se peut, libres de passions. Le vice en effet s’insinue, et de proche en proche il se communique ; son contact seul est funeste. Si donc en temps de peste on doit prendre garde de s’arrêter auprès des personnes déjà infectées et que le fléau dévore, car nous contracterions leur mal et leur atmosphère seule nous empoisonnerait ; de même dans le choix de nos amis nous tâcherons de nous associer les âmes qui ont le moins perdu de leur pureté. C’est inoculer le fléau que de mêler à ce qui est malade ce qui ne l’est pas ; non que je te prescrive de ne chercher, de n’attirer vers toi que le sage : car où le trouver ce mortel que nous poursuivons depuis tant de siècles ? Le meilleur, c’est le moins mauvais. À peine aurais-tu la chance d’un plus heureux choix, quand tu chercherais parmi les Platon, les Xénophon et tous les rejetons de la souche socratique, quand tu pourrais puiser au siècle de Caton, qui produisit bien des hommes dignes d’avoir Caton pour contemporain, et bien des artisans de crimes les plus atroces que nulle part on ait vus. Car il fallait l’une et l’autre espèce d’hommes pour que Caton pût être compris. Caton dut avoir affaire aux bons pour en être admiré, et aux méchants, pour mettre sa vertu à l’épreuve. Mais aujourd’hui, par cette grande disette de gens de bien, soyons moins dédaigneux dans nos choix. Toutefois, évitons notamment ces gens moroses qui se lamentent sur tout, qui se complaisent à voir en tout des sujets de plainte. Même constamment fidèle et dévoué, c’est toujours un ennemi de ton repos qu’un compagnon irritable et à tout propos pessimiste.