{
    "schema": "prokopton42-public-intellectual-tradition-v1",
    "id": "modern-philosophy",
    "canonical_url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/courants-de-pensee/philosophie-moderne-contemporaine/",
    "language": "fr",
    "title": "Philosophie moderne et contemporaine",
    "editorial_status": "reviewed",
    "summary": "Des œuvres qui refondent la critique, la subjectivité et la pratique philosophique après la Renaissance.",
    "body": "La philosophie moderne déplace l’autorité des textes, les rapports entre raison et expérience et la manière de décrire le sujet. Spinoza reconstruit l’éthique à partir de la nature, Nietzsche interroge la valeur des valeurs, tandis que Pierre Hadot remet les exercices et les formes de vie au centre de l’histoire de la philosophie.\n\nCette catégorie couvre plusieurs courants incompatibles. Elle sert à situer les œuvres du corpus sans les fondre dans une doctrine commune. Les pages détaillées rendent leurs oppositions visibles.",
    "period": "Du XVIe siècle à aujourd’hui",
    "statistics": {
        "thinkers": 12,
        "works": 47,
        "passages": 29931,
        "concepts": 203
    },
    "thinkers": [
        {
            "id": "nietzsche",
            "name": "Friedrich Nietzsche",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/penseurs/nietzsche/"
        },
        {
            "id": "spinoza",
            "name": "Baruch Spinoza",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/penseurs/spinoza/"
        },
        {
            "id": "hadot",
            "name": "Pierre Hadot",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/penseurs/hadot/"
        },
        {
            "id": "holiday",
            "name": "Ryan Holiday",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/penseurs/holiday/"
        },
        {
            "id": "lenoir",
            "name": "Frédéric Lenoir",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/penseurs/lenoir/"
        },
        {
            "id": "andre_comte_sponville",
            "name": "André Comte-Sponville",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/penseurs/andre-comte-sponville/"
        },
        {
            "id": "mo_gawdat",
            "name": "Mo Gawdat",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/penseurs/mo-gawdat/"
        },
        {
            "id": "tolstoy",
            "name": "Léon Tolstoï",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/penseurs/tolstoy/"
        },
        {
            "id": "jacques_ellul",
            "name": "Jacques Ellul",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/penseurs/jacques-ellul/"
        },
        {
            "id": "schopenhauer",
            "name": "Arthur Schopenhauer",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/penseurs/schopenhauer/"
        },
        {
            "id": "paulo_coelho",
            "name": "Paulo Coelho",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/penseurs/paulo-coelho/"
        },
        {
            "id": "jean_paul_sartre",
            "name": "Jean-Paul Sartre",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/penseurs/jean-paul-sartre/"
        }
    ],
    "works": [
        {
            "id": "albert_camus.caligula",
            "title": "Caligula",
            "author": "Albert Camus",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/ouvrages/albert-camus/caligula/"
        },
        {
            "id": "albert_camus.le_malentendu",
            "title": "Le Malentendu",
            "author": "Albert Camus",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/ouvrages/albert-camus/le-malentendu/"
        },
        {
            "id": "albert_camus.le_mythe_de_sisyphe",
            "title": "Le Mythe de Sisyphe",
            "author": "Albert Camus",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/ouvrages/albert-camus/le-mythe-de-sisyphe/"
        },
        {
            "id": "albert_camus.les_justes",
            "title": "Les Justes",
            "author": "Albert Camus",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/ouvrages/albert-camus/les-justes/"
        },
        {
            "id": "albert_camus.letat_de_siege",
            "title": "L'État de siège",
            "author": "Albert Camus",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/ouvrages/albert-camus/letat-de-siege/"
        },
        {
            "id": "albert_camus.letranger",
            "title": "L'Étranger",
            "author": "Albert Camus",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/ouvrages/albert-camus/letranger/"
        },
        {
            "id": "albert_camus.lexil_et_le_royaume",
            "title": "L'Exil et le Royaume",
            "author": "Albert Camus",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/ouvrages/albert-camus/lexil-et-le-royaume/"
        },
        {
            "id": "francis_of_assisi.later_rule",
            "title": "Règle confirmée",
            "author": "François d’Assise",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/ouvrages/francis-of-assisi/later-rule/"
        },
        {
            "id": "francis_of_assisi.testament",
            "title": "Testament",
            "author": "François d’Assise",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/ouvrages/francis-of-assisi/testament/"
        },
        {
            "id": "sartre.existentialisme_humanisme",
            "title": "L’existentialisme est un humanisme",
            "author": "Jean-Paul Sartre",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/ouvrages/jean-paul-sartre/existentialisme-humanisme/"
        },
        {
            "id": "locke.essay_human_understanding",
            "title": "Essai philosophique concernant l’entendement humain",
            "author": "John Locke",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/ouvrages/john-locke/essay-human-understanding/"
        },
        {
            "id": "locke.second_treatise",
            "title": "Second Traité du gouvernement civil",
            "author": "John Locke",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/ouvrages/john-locke/second-treatise/"
        },
        {
            "id": "nietzsche.zarathustra_1",
            "title": "Ainsi parlait Zarathoustra I",
            "author": "Friedrich Nietzsche",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/ouvrages/nietzsche/zarathustra-1/"
        },
        {
            "id": "nietzsche.zarathustra_2",
            "title": "Ainsi parlait Zarathoustra II",
            "author": "Friedrich Nietzsche",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/ouvrages/nietzsche/zarathustra-2/"
        },
        {
            "id": "nietzsche.zarathustra_3",
            "title": "Ainsi parlait Zarathoustra III",
            "author": "Friedrich Nietzsche",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/ouvrages/nietzsche/zarathustra-3/"
        },
        {
            "id": "nietzsche.zarathustra_4",
            "title": "Ainsi parlait Zarathoustra IV",
            "author": "Friedrich Nietzsche",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/ouvrages/nietzsche/zarathustra-4/"
        },
        {
            "id": "nietzsche.david_strauss",
            "title": "David Strauss",
            "author": "Friedrich Nietzsche",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/ouvrages/nietzsche/david-strauss/"
        },
        {
            "id": "nietzsche.antichrist",
            "title": "L'Antéchrist",
            "author": "Friedrich Nietzsche",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/ouvrages/nietzsche/antichrist/"
        },
        {
            "id": "nietzsche.case_wagner",
            "title": "Le Cas Wagner",
            "author": "Friedrich Nietzsche",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/ouvrages/nietzsche/case-wagner/"
        },
        {
            "id": "nietzsche.birth_of_tragedy",
            "title": "La Naissance de la tragédie",
            "author": "Friedrich Nietzsche",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/ouvrages/nietzsche/birth-of-tragedy/"
        },
        {
            "id": "nietzsche.gay_science",
            "title": "Le Gai Savoir",
            "author": "Friedrich Nietzsche",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/ouvrages/nietzsche/gay-science/"
        },
        {
            "id": "nietzsche.dionysian_dithyrambs",
            "title": "Dithyrambes de Dionysos",
            "author": "Friedrich Nietzsche",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/ouvrages/nietzsche/dionysian-dithyrambs/"
        },
        {
            "id": "nietzsche.ecce_homo",
            "title": "Ecce Homo",
            "author": "Friedrich Nietzsche",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/ouvrages/nietzsche/ecce-homo/"
        },
        {
            "id": "nietzsche.new_year_word",
            "title": "Un mot pour le nouvel an",
            "author": "Friedrich Nietzsche",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/ouvrages/nietzsche/new-year-word/"
        },
        {
            "id": "nietzsche.twilight_idols",
            "title": "Crépuscule des idoles",
            "author": "Friedrich Nietzsche",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/ouvrages/nietzsche/twilight-idols/"
        },
        {
            "id": "nietzsche.idylls_messina",
            "title": "Idylles de Messine",
            "author": "Friedrich Nietzsche",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/ouvrages/nietzsche/idylls-messina/"
        },
        {
            "id": "nietzsche.beyond_good_evil",
            "title": "Par-delà bien et mal",
            "author": "Friedrich Nietzsche",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/ouvrages/nietzsche/beyond-good-evil/"
        },
        {
            "id": "nietzsche.human_all_too_human_1",
            "title": "Humain, trop humain I",
            "author": "Friedrich Nietzsche",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/ouvrages/nietzsche/human-all-too-human-1/"
        },
        {
            "id": "nietzsche.human_all_too_human_2",
            "title": "Humain, trop humain II",
            "author": "Friedrich Nietzsche",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/ouvrages/nietzsche/human-all-too-human-2/"
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        {
            "id": "nietzsche.daybreak",
            "title": "Aurore",
            "author": "Friedrich Nietzsche",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/ouvrages/nietzsche/daybreak/"
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        {
            "id": "nietzsche.nietzsche_contra_wagner",
            "title": "Nietzsche contre Wagner",
            "author": "Friedrich Nietzsche",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/ouvrages/nietzsche/nietzsche-contra-wagner/"
        },
        {
            "id": "nietzsche.wagner_bayreuth",
            "title": "Richard Wagner à Bayreuth",
            "author": "Friedrich Nietzsche",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/ouvrages/nietzsche/wagner-bayreuth/"
        },
        {
            "id": "nietzsche.schopenhauer_educator",
            "title": "Schopenhauer éducateur",
            "author": "Friedrich Nietzsche",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/ouvrages/nietzsche/schopenhauer-educator/"
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        {
            "id": "nietzsche.socrates_greek_tragedy",
            "title": "Socrate et la tragédie grecque",
            "author": "Friedrich Nietzsche",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/ouvrages/nietzsche/socrates-greek-tragedy/"
        },
        {
            "id": "nietzsche.use_abuse_history",
            "title": "De l'utilité et de l'inconvénient de l'histoire pour la vie",
            "author": "Friedrich Nietzsche",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/ouvrages/nietzsche/use-abuse-history/"
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        {
            "id": "nietzsche.genealogy_morality",
            "title": "Généalogie de la morale",
            "author": "Friedrich Nietzsche",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/ouvrages/nietzsche/genealogy-morality/"
        },
        {
            "id": "raphael_enthoven.actu_philosophia_2011",
            "title": "Entretien autour du Philosophe de service",
            "author": "Raphaël Enthoven",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/ouvrages/raphael-enthoven/actu-philosophia-2011/"
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        {
            "id": "spinoza.ethics_en",
            "title": "Éthique, manifestation anglaise",
            "author": "Baruch Spinoza",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/ouvrages/spinoza/ethics-en/"
        },
        {
            "id": "spinoza.ethics_fr",
            "title": "Éthique, traduction française d’Émile Saisset",
            "author": "Baruch Spinoza",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/ouvrages/spinoza/ethics-fr/"
        },
        {
            "id": "spinoza.emendation_en",
            "title": "Traité de la réforme de l’entendement, manifestation anglaise",
            "author": "Baruch Spinoza",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/ouvrages/spinoza/emendation-en/"
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            "id": "spinoza.political_treatise_en",
            "title": "Traité politique, manifestation anglaise",
            "author": "Baruch Spinoza",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/ouvrages/spinoza/political-treatise-en/"
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            "id": "spinoza.short_treatise_fr",
            "title": "Court Traité de Dieu, de l’homme et de son bien-être, manifestation française",
            "author": "Baruch Spinoza",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/ouvrages/spinoza/short-treatise-fr/"
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            "id": "spinoza.letters_en",
            "title": "Correspondance de Spinoza: lettres écrites par Spinoza, manifestation anglaise",
            "author": "Baruch Spinoza",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/ouvrages/spinoza/letters-en/"
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            "author": "Baruch Spinoza",
            "url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/ouvrages/spinoza/theologico-political-treatise-en/"
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            "author": "Baruch Spinoza",
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            "id": "thomas_aquinas.summa_contra_gentiles",
            "title": "Somme contre les Gentils",
            "author": "Thomas d'Aquin",
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            "title": "Somme théologique",
            "author": "Thomas d'Aquin",
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