{
    "schema": "prokopton42-public-thinker-v1",
    "id": "montaigne",
    "canonical_url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/penseurs/montaigne/",
    "language": "fr",
    "title": "Michel de Montaigne",
    "editorial_status": "available",
    "summary": "Magistrat, voyageur et essayiste, Montaigne éprouve les règles héritées contre l’expérience du corps, les coutumes étrangères et son propre jugement changeant.",
    "body": "Cette reconstruction est historiquement bornée à 1592 après J.-C.",
    "lifespan": {
        "display": "1533–1592",
        "era": "Renaissance",
        "distance": "il y a 434–493 ans",
        "age_at_death": 59
    },
    "intellectual_tradition": {
        "id": "skepticism",
        "name": "Scepticisme",
        "detail": "Scepticisme / éthique de la Renaissance",
        "labels": [
            "Scepticisme",
            "éthique de la Renaissance"
        ]
    },
    "historical_cutoff": {
        "year": 1592,
        "display": "1592 après J.-C.",
        "reason": "Montaigne died on 13 September 1592. The 1595 edition is a posthumous carrier prepared by Marie de Gournay from authorial material."
    },
    "statistics": {
        "works": 1,
        "passages": 106,
        "languages": [
            "en",
            "fr"
        ],
        "intellectual_exposures": 2,
        "typed_relationships": 2
    },
    "attested_thinker_encounters": [],
    "places": [
        {
            "name": "Château de Montaigne",
            "period": "1533-1592",
            "description": "Naissance, retraite, bibliothèque et mort.",
            "confidence": "A",
            "source_url": "https://montaigne.univ-tours.fr/journal-voyage/"
        },
        {
            "name": "Bordeaux",
            "period": "public career",
            "description": "Magistrature et deux mandats de maire.",
            "confidence": "A",
            "source_url": "https://montaigne.univ-tours.fr/journal-voyage/"
        },
        {
            "name": "Paris",
            "period": "multiple journeys",
            "description": "Cour, publication et voyages politiques.",
            "confidence": "A",
            "source_url": "https://montaigne.univ-tours.fr/journal-voyage/"
        },
        {
            "name": "Baden",
            "period": "1580",
            "description": "Étape consignée dans le Journal de voyage.",
            "confidence": "A",
            "source_url": "https://montaigne.univ-tours.fr/journal-voyage/"
        },
        {
            "name": "Basel",
            "period": "1580",
            "description": "Étape suisse consignée et visite de milieux savants.",
            "confidence": "A",
            "source_url": "https://montaigne.univ-tours.fr/journal-voyage/"
        },
        {
            "name": "Schaffhausen",
            "period": "1580",
            "description": "Étape consignée près des chutes du Rhin.",
            "confidence": "A",
            "source_url": "https://montaigne.univ-tours.fr/journal-voyage/"
        },
        {
            "name": "Constance",
            "period": "1580",
            "description": "Étape consignée sur le lac de Constance.",
            "confidence": "A",
            "source_url": "https://montaigne.univ-tours.fr/journal-voyage/"
        },
        {
            "name": "Augsburg",
            "period": "1580",
            "description": "Voyage allemand consigné et observation précise des coutumes civiques et religieuses.",
            "confidence": "A",
            "source_url": "https://montaigne.univ-tours.fr/journal-voyage/"
        },
        {
            "name": "Munich",
            "period": "1580",
            "description": "Étape bavaroise consignée.",
            "confidence": "A",
            "source_url": "https://montaigne.univ-tours.fr/journal-voyage/"
        },
        {
            "name": "Innsbruck",
            "period": "1580",
            "description": "Passage alpin consigné vers l’Italie.",
            "confidence": "A",
            "source_url": "https://montaigne.univ-tours.fr/journal-voyage/"
        },
        {
            "name": "Verona",
            "period": "1580",
            "description": "Étape italienne consignée.",
            "confidence": "A",
            "source_url": "https://montaigne.univ-tours.fr/journal-voyage/"
        },
        {
            "name": "Padua",
            "period": "1580",
            "description": "Séjour consigné avant le détour par Venise.",
            "confidence": "A",
            "source_url": "https://montaigne.univ-tours.fr/journal-voyage/"
        },
        {
            "name": "Venice",
            "period": "1580",
            "description": "Étape du voyage italien consignée.",
            "confidence": "A",
            "source_url": "https://montaigne.univ-tours.fr/journal-voyage/"
        },
        {
            "name": "Ferrara",
            "period": "1580",
            "description": "Étape italienne consignée.",
            "confidence": "A",
            "source_url": "https://montaigne.univ-tours.fr/journal-voyage/"
        },
        {
            "name": "Bologna",
            "period": "1580",
            "description": "Étape italienne consignée.",
            "confidence": "A",
            "source_url": "https://montaigne.univ-tours.fr/journal-voyage/"
        },
        {
            "name": "Florence",
            "period": "1580-1581",
            "description": "Étape du voyage italien consignée.",
            "confidence": "A",
            "source_url": "https://montaigne.univ-tours.fr/journal-voyage/"
        },
        {
            "name": "Siena",
            "period": "1580",
            "description": "Étape consignée sur la route de Rome.",
            "confidence": "A",
            "source_url": "https://montaigne.univ-tours.fr/journal-voyage/"
        },
        {
            "name": "Rome",
            "period": "1580-1581",
            "description": "Long séjour et citoyenneté romaine.",
            "confidence": "A",
            "source_url": "https://montaigne.univ-tours.fr/journal-voyage/"
        },
        {
            "name": "Lucca and Bagni di Lucca",
            "period": "1581",
            "description": "Séjour toscan et cure thermale consignés.",
            "confidence": "A",
            "source_url": "https://montaigne.univ-tours.fr/journal-voyage/"
        }
    ],
    "content_checksum": "934295f2c58014bbdc682bd1dc4c163161d9485af9668c7572b207ff0ae41598"
}