{
    "schema": "prokopton42-public-thinker-v1",
    "id": "spinoza",
    "canonical_url": "https://prokopton42.com/fr/penseurs/spinoza/",
    "language": "fr",
    "title": "Baruch Spinoza",
    "editorial_status": "available",
    "summary": "Philosophe néerlandais du XVIIe siècle, Spinoza construit une éthique géométrique des causes, des affects, de la liberté et de la puissance d’agir.",
    "body": "Cette reconstruction est historiquement bornée à 1677 après J.-C.",
    "lifespan": {
        "display": "1632–1677",
        "era": "Époque moderne",
        "distance": "il y a 349–394 ans",
        "age_at_death": 45
    },
    "intellectual_tradition": {
        "id": "modern-philosophy",
        "name": "Philosophie moderne et contemporaine",
        "detail": "Éthique moderne naissante",
        "labels": [
            "Philosophie moderne et contemporaine",
            "Éthique moderne naissante"
        ]
    },
    "historical_cutoff": {
        "year": 1677,
        "display": "1677 après J.-C.",
        "reason": "Spinoza died on 21 February 1677."
    },
    "statistics": {
        "works": 8,
        "passages": 1314,
        "languages": [
            "en",
            "fr"
        ],
        "intellectual_exposures": 2,
        "typed_relationships": 0
    },
    "attested_thinker_encounters": [],
    "places": [
        {
            "name": "Amsterdam",
            "period": "1632-1660",
            "description": "Naissance, éducation et excommunication.",
            "confidence": "A",
            "source_url": "https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/spinoza/"
        },
        {
            "name": "Rijnsburg",
            "period": "1661-1663",
            "description": "Résidence et travail philosophique.",
            "confidence": "A",
            "source_url": "https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/spinoza/"
        },
        {
            "name": "Voorburg",
            "period": "1663-1670",
            "description": "Résidence pendant la composition et la publication.",
            "confidence": "A",
            "source_url": "https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/spinoza/"
        },
        {
            "name": "The Hague",
            "period": "1670-1677",
            "description": "Dernière résidence, correspondance et mort.",
            "confidence": "A",
            "source_url": "https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/spinoza/"
        },
        {
            "name": "Ouderkerk aan de Amstel",
            "period": "c. 1660",
            "description": "Un bref séjour après le départ d'Amsterdam est rapporté par le réseau biographique de la Maison Spinoza.",
            "confidence": "B",
            "source_url": "https://www.spinozadenhaag.nl/wie-was-spinoza/"
        }
    ],
    "content_checksum": "22c888a0e95767d2405bd38c44be32e8d762311890ba9be71f22b3de7c99beaa"
}