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Aristotle
Rhetoric Section 11
Section 203 of 882
Canonical reference 1.5.11
Ancient Greek
κάλλος δὲ ἕτερον καθʼ ἑκάστην ἡλικίαν ἐστίν. νέου μὲν οὖν κάλλος τὸ πρὸς τοὺς πόνους χρήσιμον ἔχειν τὸ σῶμα τούς τε πρὸς δρόμον καὶ πρὸς βίαν, ἡδὺν ὄντα ἰδεῖν πρὸς ἀπόλαυσιν· διὸ οἱ πένταθλοι κάλλιστοι, ὅτι πρὸς βίαν καὶ πρὸς τάχος ἅμα πεφύκασιν· ἀκμάζοντος δὲ πρὸς μὲν πόνους τοὺς πολεμικούς, ἡδὺν δʼ εἶναι δοκεῖν μετὰ φοβερότητος· γέροντος δὲ πρὸς μὲν πόνους τοὺς ἀναγκαίους ἱκανόν, ἄλυπον δὲ διὰ τὸ μηδὲν ἔχειν ὧν τὸ γῆρας λωβᾶται.
English
J. H. Freese, 1926
Beauty varies with each age. In a young man, it consists in possessing a body capable of enduring all efforts, either of the racecourse or of bodily strength, while he himself is pleasant to look upon and a sheer delight. This is why the athletes in the pentathlon are most beautiful, because they are naturally adapted for bodily exertion and for swiftness of foot. In a man who has reached his prime, beauty consists in being naturally adapted for the toils of war, in being pleasant to look upon and at the same time awe-inspiring. In an old man, beauty consists in being naturally adapted to contend with unavoidable labors and in not causing annoyance to others, thanks to the absence of the disagreeable accompaniments of old age.
French AI-generated translation, non-official
Codex gpt-5.6-sol · Non-official working translation · 2026-09-13
La beauté varie selon chaque âge. Chez un jeune homme, elle consiste à posséder un corps capable de supporter tous les efforts, qu’il s’agisse de la course ou des exercices de force, tandis que lui-même est agréable à regarder et procure un plaisir sans mélange. Voilà pourquoi les athlètes du pentathlon sont les plus beaux, car ils sont naturellement aptes aux efforts corporels et à la rapidité de la course. Chez un homme parvenu à la force de l’âge, la beauté consiste à être naturellement apte aux fatigues de la guerre, à être agréable à regarder et, en même temps, propre à inspirer la crainte. Chez un vieillard, la beauté consiste à être naturellement apte à affronter les peines inévitables et à ne pas importuner les autres, grâce à l’absence des désagréments qui accompagnent la vieillesse.
Concepts in this passage
Anger
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Care of the soul
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Fear
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Intelligible forms
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Justice
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Nature
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Reason
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Rhetoric
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Sin
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Time
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War and peace
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