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Aristotle
Rhetoric Section 5
Section 353 of 882
Canonical reference 2.10.5
Ancient Greek
φανερὸν δὲ καὶ οἷς φθονοῦσιν· ἅμα γὰρ εἴρηται· τοῖς γὰρ ἐγγὺς καὶ χρόνῳ καὶ τόπῳ καὶ ἡλικίᾳ καὶ δόξῃ φθονοῦσιν· ὅθεν εἴρηται τὸ συγγενὲς γὰρ καὶ φθονεῖν ἐπίσταται. καὶ πρὸς οὓς φιλοτιμοῦνται· φιλοτιμοῦνται γὰρ πρὸς τοὺς εἰρημένους, πρὸς δὲ τοὺς μυριοστὸν ἔτος ὄντας ἢ πρὸς τοὺς ἐσομένους ἢ τεθνεῶτας οὐδείς, οὐδὲ πρὸς τοὺς ἐφʼ Ἡρακλείαις στήλαις. οὐδʼ ὧν πολὺ οἴονται παρʼ αὐτοῖς ἢ παρὰ τοῖς ἄλλοις λείπεσθαι, οὐδʼ ὧν πολὺ ὑπερέχειν, ὡσαύτως καὶ ρὸς τούτους καὶ περὶ τὰ τοιαῦτα.
English
J. H. Freese, 1926
And it is evident whom men envy, for it has just been stated by implication. They envy those who are near them in time, place, age, and reputation, whence it was said, Kinship knows how to envy also; and those with whom they are in rivalry, who are those just spoken of; for no man tries to rival those who lived ten thousand years ago, or are about to be born, or are already dead; nor those who live near the Pillars of Hercules; nor those who, in his own opinion or in that of others, are either far inferior or superior to him; and the people and things which one envies are on the same footing.
French AI-generated translation, non-official
Codex gpt-5.6-sol · Non-official working translation · 2026-09-13
On voit aussi qui les hommes envient, car cela vient d’être indiqué implicitement. Ils envient ceux qui sont proches d’eux par le temps, le lieu, l’âge et la réputation, d’où cette parole : « La parenté aussi sait envier. » Ils envient encore ceux avec lesquels ils rivalisent, c’est-à-dire ceux dont nous venons de parler. Car nul ne cherche à rivaliser avec ceux qui ont vécu il y a dix mille ans, qui ne sont pas encore nés ou qui sont déjà morts ; ni avec ceux qui habitent près des Colonnes d’Hercule ; ni avec ceux qui, à son propre avis ou à celui des autres, lui sont de beaucoup inférieurs ou supérieurs. Il en va de même des personnes et des choses que l’on envie.
Concepts in this passage
Anger
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Care of the soul
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Fear
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Friendship
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Justice
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Reason
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Rhetoric
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Time
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