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Aristotle

Rhetoric Section 12

Section 682 of 882

Canonical reference 2.8.12

Ancient Greek

ἐλεοῦσι δὲ τούς τε γνωρίμους, ἂν μὴ σφόδρα ἐγγὺς ὦσιν οἰκειότητι (περὶ δὲ τούτους ὥσπερ περὶ αὑτοὺς μέλλοντας ἔχουσιν· διὸ καὶ ὁ Ἀμάσιος ἐπὶ μὲν τῷ υἱεῖ ἀγομένῳ ἐπὶ τὸ ἀποθανεῖν οὐκ ἐδάκρυσεν, ὡς φασίν, ἐπὶ δὲ τῷ φίλῳ προσαιτοῦντι· τοῦτο μὲν γὰρ ἐλεεινόν, ἐκεῖνο δὲ δεινόν· τὸ γὰρ δεινὸν ἕτερον τοῦ ἐλεεινοῦ καὶ ἐκκρουστικὸν τοῦ ἐλέου καὶ πολλάκις τῷ ἐναντίῳ χρήσιμον·

English

J. H. Freese, 1926

The persons men pity are those whom they know, provided they are not too closely connected with them for if they are, they feel the same as if they themselves were likely to suffer. This is why Amasis is said not to have wept when his son was led to execution, but did weep at the sight of a friend reduced to beggary, for the latter excited pity, the former terror. The terrible is different from the pitiable, for it drives out pity, and often serves to produce the opposite feeling.

French AI-generated translation, non-official

Codex gpt-5.6-sol · Non-official working translation · 2026-09-13

Les personnes dont les hommes ont pitié sont celles qu’ils connaissent, à condition qu’elles ne leur soient pas trop étroitement liées, car, si elles le sont, ils éprouvent le même sentiment que s’ils étaient eux-mêmes sur le point de souffrir. C’est pourquoi on dit qu’Amasis ne pleura pas lorsqu’on conduisit son fils au supplice, mais qu’il pleura à la vue d’un ami réduit à la mendicité, car le sort de ce dernier éveillait la pitié, celui du premier la terreur. Le terrible diffère du pitoyable, car il chasse la pitié et produit même souvent le sentiment contraire.

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