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Chrysippus
SVF II: Chrysippus on Logic and Physics Page scan-126
Page 116 of 348
Canonical reference scan-126
Ancient Greek
116 PHYSICAE DOCTRINAE FUNDAMENTA. περαινόμενον σῶμα πέρασι μὴ μετὰ σχήματος πάντως ὑπάρχειν, εἰ xol μὴ συννοοῖτο τοῦτ᾽ αὐτῷ καϑ᾿ ὑπόϑεσιν᾽ ὥστε εἰ περὶ ὕλην ἦν ταῦϑ᾽ ἅπερ ἔφην πάντα, ταῦτα δ᾽ ἐστί, καϑάπερ αὐτοί φασι, σώματα, οὔτε ἄποιος ἦν δηλαδὴ οὔτε ἁπλῆ. --- --- ταύτῃ δὲ οὐδὲν ἀμιγὲς ἦν κατ᾽ αὐτούς. 5 323a Galenus de qualitatibus incorporeis 6. Vol. XIX p. 478 K. ὃ μὲν οὖν ἰατρὸς συντιϑεὶς ἐκ πολλῶν φαρμάκων ἕτερον φάρμακον, ἰδίαν ποιό- τητὰ πάντων ἐχόντων, ποιὸν ἕτερον ἐκ τῆς μίξεως ποιεῖ, τὸν Δία δ᾽ οὔ φασι μῖξαι τῇ πρώτῃ οὐσίᾳ καὶ σχηματότητα, οὐδὲ μηκότητα οὐδὲ τῶν ἄλλων τι συμβεβηκότων. εἰ δὲ μίγνυσιν, ὄντα καὶ αὐτὰ δῆλον ὡς ἀΐδια, ταῦτά 10 [ἐστιν], πῶς ἔτι λέγουσι μόνην τὴν πρώτην ὕλην ἀΐδιον τὴν ἄποιον, οὐχὶ δὲ: καὶ τὰς ἄλλας ποιότητας καὶ πάντα τὰ συμβαίνοντα. οὐδὲ γὰρ ποιητὴν εἶναί φασι, καϑάπερ τινὰ χειροτέχνην, τὸν Δία, ἀλλ᾽ ὅλον δι᾽ ὅλης τῆς ὕλης διεληλυϑότα πάντων δημιουργὸν γεγονέναι. τήν τε πηλικότητα τοῦ ϑείου πυρὸς καὶ τὰ ἐπὶ μέρους τῇ πηλικότητι συμβεβηκότα, τό τε μῆκος καὶ πλά- 15 τὸς καὶ βάϑος, καὶ πρὸς τούτοις τὸ λογικὸν αὐτοῦ καὶ τὴν μακαριότητα, εἰ μὲν οὐσίας εἶναι φήσουσι καὶ σωματικὰς αὐτὰς ἐροῦσιν, ἐκ σωμάτων δῆλον ὡς ἦν ὁ Ζεὺς συνεστηκὼς καὶ οὐχ ἁπλοῦν ἦν, ἀλλὰ καὶ σύγκριμα. εἰ δὲ ἀνουσίους αὐτὰς --- --- φύσεις ἐροῦσι, τὸ λεγόμενον ὑφ᾽ ἡμῶν πρατύνεται τὸ μὴ σωματικὴν ἔχειν φύσιν τὰ συμβεβηκότα μηδὲ τὰς ποιότητας. 90 324. A&tius Plac. I 9, 2. Of ἀπὸ Θάλεω καὶ Πυϑαγόρου καὶ of Στωΐϊ- xol τρεπτὴν xol ἀλλοιωτὴν καὶ μεταβλητὴν καὶ ῥευστὴν ὅλην δι᾿ ὅλης τὴν ὕλην. (Stob. λέγω δὲ τοὺς μέχρε τῶν Στωϊκῶν καταβεβηκότας σὺν 'Hoa- κλείτῳ etc.) cf. Thedoret IV 13. 325 A?tius Plac. 1, 9, 7. Of Zvoixol σῶμα τὴν ὕλην ἀποφαίνονται. 25 326 Simplicius in Aristot. phys. p. 227, 23. ἀλλ᾽ ἐπειδή τινες καὶ οὐδὲ oí τυχόντες iv φιλοσοφίᾳ τὸ ἄποιον σῶμα τὴν πρωτίστην ὕλην εἶναί φασι καὶ κατὰ ᾿Δριστοτέλην καὶ κατὰ Πλάτωνα, ὥσπερ τῶν μὲν ma- . λαιῶν of Στωϊκοί, τῶν δὲ νέων Περικλῆς ὃ “υδός, καλῶς ἂν ἔχοι ταύτην ἐπισκέψασϑαι τὴν δόξαν. 80 321 Galenus de qualitatibus incorporeis 5. Vol. XIX p. 471 K. (de materia Stoicorum locutus) ἀδιανόητόν τε καὶ τὸ μήτε βαρὺ τοῦϑ᾽ ὑπάρ- χειν μήτε κοῦφον, οὐχ ἧττον (δ᾽ ἄτοπον εἰ λέγοι τις ἅμα τοῦτ᾽ ἔχειν ἀμ- φότερα καὶ κατὰ τὰ αὐτὰ καὶ μὴ πρὸς ἄλλο καὶ ἄλλο κρινόμενον" τό τε μὴ «ποιὰν ἐκείνης ἐχούσης οὐσίαν, τῶν ἐξ αὐτῆς, ὥς φασι, γεγονότων πρῶτον 86 τεττάρων ἕκαστον ἔχειν ποιότητα. --- --- εἶ δὲ μηδ᾽ αὐτὸ εἶχε τούτων μηδὲ ἕν καϑ' ὑπόϑεσιν τὸ αἰϑέριον δὴ ἐκεῖνο πῦρ, ὑφ᾽ οὗ φασι τά τε στοιχεῖα καὶ τὸν κόσμον γεγονέναι, πῶς ταῦτ᾽ ἔχει τὰ γεννήματα καὶ ποιήματα καὶ πλάσματα. 328 Asclepius in Aristot. Metaph. p. 377, 29 Hayd. καὶ πάλιν οἵ μὲν μίαν οὐσίαν εἶναι εἰρήκασιν, οἷον τὴν αἰσϑητήν, ὥσπερ oí φυσικοὶ καὶ 40 0£. Zivoixo. 1 περαινόμενον scripsi, περικλινόμενον P ed. || μετὰ σχήματος P, κατὰ σχῆμα A ed. 2 συννοοῖτο AP, συνοῖτο ed. || τοῦτ᾽ αὐτῷ P, τοῦτ᾽ αὐτὸ ed. || ὥστε AP, ὡς ed. || εἰ περὶ ὕλην ἦν vo09" scripsi, εἴπερ εἶδεν ἐνταῦϑ᾽ libri. 8 ἅπερ ἔφην AP, om. ed. 6 συντιϑεὶς scripsi, αἴτιος εἷς libri. || ἰδίαν scripsi, ἴσην libri. 9 μίγνυσιν P, μιγνύειν Α ed. 10 ἐστιν seclusi. 11 οὐδὲ scripsi, οὔτε libri. 16 δῆλον ὡς A, ὡς δῆλον ὡς P, ὡς δῆλον ed. 32 à' addidi. 33 τό τε μὴ ποιὰν scripsi, τοῦτο μηδ᾽ libri. 84 τῶν ἐξ αὐτῆς scripsi, τῆς ἐξ αὐτῶν libri. 35 αὐτὸ scripsi, αὐτὸς libri. || voóro» PA, τοῦτον ed. 36 δὴ scripsi, δ᾽ ἦν libri. | φασι Kalbfl, πᾶσι libri.
English AI-generated translation, non-official
Codex gpt-5.6-sol · Non-official working translation · 2026-09-13
116 FOUNDATIONS OF PHYSICAL DOCTRINE.
For it is absurd that a bounded body should be bounded by limits and yet exist altogether without shape, even if this were not conceived together with it by hypothesis. Thus, if all the things I mentioned belonged to matter, as indeed they do, and these things are bodies, as the Stoics themselves say, matter was plainly neither unqualified nor simple. [...] According to them, nothing was unmixed with it.
323a Galen, On Incorporeal Qualities 6, vol. XIX, p. 478 Kühn. A physician, by combining many drugs, each possessing its own quality, makes from the mixture another qualified drug. But they do not say that Zeus mixed shape, length, or any other accident with primary substance. Yet if he does mix them, it is plain that these too exist eternally. How, then, can they still say that unqualified primary matter alone is eternal, and not also the other qualities and all the accidents? For they do not say that Zeus is a maker like some craftsman, but that, having passed as a whole through the whole of matter, he became the craftsman of all things. As for the magnitude of the divine fire and the particular attributes incidental to its magnitude, namely length, breadth, and depth, and in addition its rationality and blessedness: if they say these are substances and call them corporeal, Zeus plainly consisted of bodies and was not simple but a compound. But if they call them non-substantial [...] natures, what we say is confirmed, namely that accidents and qualities do not have a corporeal nature.
324 Aëtius, Opinions I 9.2. The followers of Thales and Pythagoras and the Stoics hold that matter is changeable, alterable, mutable, and fluid through and through. (Stobaeus: I mean those who came down as far as the Stoics, together with Heraclitus, etc.) Cf. Theodoret IV 13.
325 Aëtius, Opinions I 9.7. The Stoics declare matter to be a body.
326 Simplicius, On Aristotle’s Physics, p. 227, 23. But since some people, and not undistinguished people in philosophy, say that unqualified body is primary matter according to both Aristotle and Plato, as did the Stoics among the ancients and Pericles the Lydian among the moderns, it would be well to examine this opinion.
327 Galen, On Incorporeal Qualities 5, vol. XIX, p. 471 Kühn. Speaking of Stoic matter: It is inconceivable that this should be neither heavy nor light. It would be no less absurd for someone to say that it possesses both at once, in the same respects, and not as judged relative to different things. It is also inconceivable that, although matter has no qualified substance, each of the four things first generated from it, as they say, should possess a quality. [...] But if even that ethereal fire, from which they say the elements and the cosmos were generated, possessed by hypothesis not one of these qualities, how do its offspring, products, and formations possess them?
328 Asclepius, On Aristotle’s Metaphysics, p. 377, 29 Hayduck. Again, some have said that there is one substance, namely sensible substance, as did the natural philosophers and the Stoics.
1 περαινόμενον written by the editor; P and edition περικλινόμενον. μετὰ σχήματος P; A and edition κατὰ σχῆμα. 2 συννοοῖτο AP; edition συνοῖτο. τοῦτ’ αὐτῷ P; edition τοῦτ’ αὐτό. ὥστε AP; edition ὡς. εἰ περὶ ὕλην ἦν ταῦθ’ written by the editor; manuscripts εἴπερ εἶδεν ἐνταῦθ’. 3 ἅπερ ἔφην AP; omitted by the edition. 6 συντιθείς written by the editor; manuscripts αἴτιος εἷς. ἰδίαν written by the editor; manuscripts ἴσην. 9 μίγνυσιν P; A and edition μιγνύειν. 10 ἐστιν bracketed by the editor. 11 οὐδέ written by the editor; manuscripts οὔτε. 16 δῆλον ὡς A; P ὡς δῆλον ὡς; edition ὡς δῆλον. 32 δ’ added by the editor. 33 τό τε μὴ ποιάν written by the editor; manuscripts τοῦτο μηδ’. 34 τῶν ἐξ αὐτῆς written by the editor; manuscripts τῆς ἐξ αὐτῶν. 35 αὐτό written by the editor; manuscripts αὐτός. τούτων PA; edition τοῦτον. 36 δή written by the editor; manuscripts δ’ ἦν. φασί Kalbfleisch; manuscripts πᾶσι.
French AI-generated translation, non-official
Codex gpt-5.6-sol · Non-official working translation · 2026-09-13
FONDEMENTS DE LA DOCTRINE PHYSIQUE.
Même si on ne la concevait pas ainsi par hypothèse, un corps délimité ne peut absolument pas exister avec des limites sans avoir de figure. Par conséquent, si tout ce que j’ai dit se rapporte à la matière, et si ces choses sont, comme ils l’affirment eux-mêmes, des corps, elle n’était manifestement ni sans qualité ni simple. [...] Selon eux, rien n’était sans mélange avec elle.
323a Galien, Des qualités incorporelles 6, vol. XIX, p. 478 Kühn. Le médecin, en composant un médicament à partir de plusieurs médicaments qui possèdent chacun une qualité propre, produit par leur mélange un autre objet qualifié. Mais ils ne disent pas que Zeus ait mêlé à la substance première la configuration, la longueur ou quelque autre accident. S’il les y mêle, il est évident que ces choses, qui existent elles aussi, sont éternelles. Comment peuvent-ils encore dire que seule la matière première sans qualité est éternelle, et non les autres qualités ainsi que tous les accidents? Car ils ne disent pas que Zeus est un artisan à la manière d’un ouvrier manuel, mais qu’après avoir traversé toute la matière dans sa totalité, il est devenu l’artisan de toutes choses. Quant à la quantité du feu divin et aux accidents particuliers de cette quantité, longueur, largeur et profondeur, ainsi qu’à son caractère rationnel et à sa béatitude, s’ils disent que ce sont des substances et les déclarent corporels, Zeus était manifestement constitué de corps; il n’était donc pas simple, mais composé. S’ils disent au contraire qu’il s’agit de natures dépourvues de substance [...], notre affirmation se trouve confirmée: les accidents et les qualités ne possèdent pas une nature corporelle.
324 Aétius, Opinions I 9, 2. Les disciples de Thalès et de Pythagore ainsi que les Stoïciens déclarent la matière entièrement susceptible de transformation, d’altération, de changement et d’écoulement. Stobée: « Je parle de ceux qui sont descendus jusqu’aux Stoïciens, avec Héraclite », etc. Cf. Théodoret IV 13.
325 Aétius, Opinions I 9, 7. Les Stoïciens déclarent que la matière est un corps.
326 Simplicius, Sur la Physique d’Aristote, p. 227, 23. Mais puisque certains hommes, qui ne sont pas les premiers venus en philosophie, disent que la matière toute première est le corps sans qualité, aussi bien selon Aristote que selon Platon, comme les Stoïciens parmi les anciens et Périclès de Lydie parmi les modernes, il conviendrait d’examiner cette opinion.
327 Galien, Des qualités incorporelles 5, vol. XIX, p. 471 Kühn. À propos de la matière des Stoïciens: il est inconcevable qu’elle ne soit ni lourde ni légère; il n’est pas moins absurde de dire qu’elle possède simultanément ces deux propriétés, sous les mêmes rapports et sans être jugée selon des relations différentes. Il est également inconcevable que, tandis que cette substance ne possède aucune qualité, chacun des quatre premiers corps qui, disent-ils, sont nés d’elle possède une qualité. [...] Mais si ce fameux feu éthéré lui-même, dont ils disent que sont nés les éléments et le monde, ne possédait par hypothèse aucune de ces propriétés, comment ses produits, ses ouvrages et ses créations les possèdent-ils?
328 Asclépius, Sur la Métaphysique d’Aristote, p. 377, 29 Hayduck. Certains, de nouveau, ont déclaré qu’il n’existe qu’une substance, par exemple la substance sensible, comme les philosophes de la nature et les Stoïciens.
1 περαινόμενον, correction de ma part; περικλινόμενον P et l’édition. μετὰ σχήματος P, κατὰ σχῆμα A et l’édition. 2 συννοοῖτο AP, συνοῖτο l’édition. τοῦτ’ αὐτῷ P, τοῦτ’ αὐτὸ l’édition. ὥστε AP, ὡς l’édition. εἰ περὶ ὕλην ἦν ταῦθ’, correction de ma part; εἴπερ εἶδεν ἐνταῦθ’ les manuscrits. 3 ἅπερ ἔφην AP, omis par l’édition. 6 συντιθεὶς, correction de ma part; αἴτιος εἷς les manuscrits. ἰδίαν, correction de ma part; ἴσην les manuscrits. 9 μίγνυσιν P, μιγνύειν A et l’édition. 10 ἐστιν retranché par moi. 11 οὐδὲ, correction de ma part; οὔτε les manuscrits. 16 δῆλον ὡς A, ὡς δῆλον ὡς P, ὡς δῆλον l’édition. 32 δ’ ajouté par moi. 33 τό τε μὴ ποιὰν, correction de ma part; τοῦτο μηδ’ les manuscrits. 34 τῶν ἐξ αὐτῆς, correction de ma part; τῆς ἐξ αὐτῶν les manuscrits. 35 αὐτὸ, correction de ma part; αὐτὸς les manuscrits. τούτων PA, τοῦτον l’édition. 36 δὴ, correction de ma part; δ’ ἦν les manuscrits. φασι Kalbfleisch, πᾶσι les manuscrits.
Concepts in this passage
Care of the soul
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Cosmic reason
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Family
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Fate and responsibility
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Intelligible forms
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Friendship
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Nature
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Propositional logic
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Reason
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