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John Locke
An Essay Concerning Human Understanding Section S7
Section 7 of 1,114
Canonical reference B1.C1.S7
English
Project Gutenberg transcription of Locke author text
This was that which gave the first rise to this Essay concerning the understanding. For I thought that the first step towards satisfying several inquiries the mind of man was very apt to run into, was, to take a survey of our own understandings, examine our own powers, and see to what things they were adapted. Till that was done I suspected we began at the wrong end, and in vain sought for satisfaction in a quiet and sure possession of truths that most concerned us, whilst we let loose our thoughts into the vast ocean of Being; as if all that boundless extent were the natural and undoubted possession of our understandings, wherein there was nothing exempt from its decisions, or that escaped its comprehension. Thus men, extending their inquiries beyond their capacities, and letting their thoughts wander into those depths where they can find no sure footing, it is no wonder that they raise questions and multiply disputes, which, never coming to any clear resolution, are proper only to continue and increase their doubts, and to confirm them at last in perfect scepticism. Whereas, were the capacities of our understandings well considered, the extent of our knowledge once discovered, and the horizon found which sets the bounds between the enlightened and dark parts of things; between what is and what is not comprehensible by us, men would perhaps with less scruple acquiesce in the avowed ignorance of the one, and employ their thoughts and discourse with more advantage and satisfaction in the other.
French
Pierre Coste · Pierre Mortier, Amsterdam, 1735, third edition
Ces conſiderations-là me firent venir la prémiére penſée de travailler à cet Eſſai, lequel je donne préſentement au Public. Car je me mis dans l’Eſprit, que le prémier moyen qu’il y auroit de ſatisfaire l’Eſprit de l’Homme ſur pluſieurs Recherches dans lesquelles il eſt fort porté à s’engager, ce ſeroit de prendre, pour ainſi dire, un état des Facultez de notre propre Entendement, d’examiner l’étenduë de ſes forces, & de voir quelles ſont les choſes qui ſont proportionnées à ſa capacité. Juſqu’à ce que cela fût fait, je m’imaginai que nous prendrions la choſe tout-à-fait à contre-ſens ; & que nous chercherions en vain cette douce ſatisfaction que nous pourroit donner la poſſeſſion tranquille & aſſurée des véritez qui nous ſont les plus néceſſaires, pendant tout le temps que nous nous fatiguerions à courir après la recherche de toutes les choſes du Monde ſans diſtinction, comme ſi toutes ces choſes, dont le nombre eſt infini, étoient l’objet naturel de l’Entendement humain, de ſorte que l’Homme pût en acquerir une connoiſſance certaine, & qu’il n’y eût abſolument rien qui excedât ſa portée, & dont il ne fût très-capable de juger.
Lors que les hommes infatuez de cette penſée, viennent à pouſſer leurs recherches plus loin que leur capacité ne leur permet de faire, s’abandonnant ſur ce vaſte Océan, où ils ne trouvent ni fond ni rive, il ne faut pas s’étonner qu’ils faſſent des Queſtions & multiplient des difficultez, qui ne pouvant jamais être décidées d’une maniére claire & diſtincte, ne ſervent qu’à perpetuer & à augmenter leurs doutes, & à les engager enfin dans un parfait Pyrrhoniſme. Mais, ſi au lieu de ſuivre cette dangereuſe méthode, les hommes commençoient par examiner avec ſoin quelle eſt la capacité de leur Entendement, s’ils venoient à découvrir juſques où peuvent aller leurs connoiſſances, & à trouver les bornes qui ſéparent la partie lumineuſe des différens Objets de leurs connoiſſances, d’avec la partie obſcure & entierement impénétrable, ce qu’ils peuvent concevoir d’avec ce qui paſſe leur intelligence, peut-être qu’ils auroient beaucoup moins de peine à reconnoître leur ignorance ſur ce qu’ils ne peuvent point comprendre, & qu’ils employeroient leurs penſées & leurs raiſonnemens avec plus de fruit & de ſatisfaction, à des choſes qui ſont proportionnées à leur capacité.
Concepts in this passage
Academic skepticism
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Anger
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Degrees of knowledge and probability
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Elenchus
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Family
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Human wisdom
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Ideas from sensation and reflection
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Impressions and assent
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Judgment
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Cognitive impression
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Knowledge
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Law
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Messiah
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Mindfulness
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Nature
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Nominal and real essence
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Personal identity and consciousness
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Primary and secondary qualities
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Reason
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Roles and relationships
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Service
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Simple and complex ideas
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Spirit
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Time
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Tranquillity
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Truth
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War and peace
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