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John Locke
An Essay Concerning Human Understanding Section S19
Section 233 of 1,114
Canonical reference B2.C13.S19
English
Project Gutenberg transcription of Locke author text
They who first ran into the notion of ACCIDENTS, as a sort of real beings that needed something to inhere in, were forced to find out the word SUBSTANCE to support them. Had the poor Indian philosopher (who imagined that the earth also wanted something to bear it up) but thought of this word substance, he needed not to have been at the trouble to find an elephant to support it, and a tortoise to support his elephant: the word substance would have done it effectually. And he that inquired might have taken it for as good an answer from an Indian philosopher, - that substance, without knowing what it is, is that which supports the earth, as take it for a sufficient answer and good doctrine from our European philosophers, - that substance, without knowing what it is, is that which supports accidents. So that of substance, we have no idea of what it is, but only a confused obscure one of what it does.
French
Pierre Coste · Pierre Mortier, Amsterdam, 1735, third edition
Ceux qui les prémiers ſe ſont aviſez de regarder les Accidens comme une eſpèce d’Etres réels qui ont beſoin de quelque choſe à quoi ils ſoient attachez, ont été contraints d’inventer le mot de Subſtance, pour ſervir de ſoûtien aux Accidens. Si un pauvre Philoſophe Indien qui s’imagine que la Terre a auſſi beſoin de quelque appui, ſe fût aviſé ſeulement du mot de Subſtance, il n’auroit pas eu l’embarras de chercher un Elephant pour ſoûtenir la Terre, & une Tortuë pour ſoûtenir ſon Elephant, le mot de Subſtance auroit entiérement fait ſait ſon affaire. Et quiconque demanderoit après cela, ce que c’eſt qui ſoûtient la Terre, devroit être auſſi content de la réponſe d’un Philoſophe Indien qui lui diroit, que c’eſt la Subſtance, ſans ſavoir ce qu’emporte ce mot, que nous le ſommes d’un Philoſophe Européen qui nous dit, que la Subſtance, terme dont il n’entend pas non plus la ſignification, eſt ce qui ſoûtient les Accidens. Car toute l’idée que nous avons de la Subſtance, c’eſt une idée obſcure de ce qu’elle fait, & non une idée de ce qu’elle eſt.
Concepts in this passage
Aporia
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Degrees of knowledge and probability
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Family
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Ideas from sensation and reflection
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Impressions and assent
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Knowledge
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Nominal and real essence
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Personal identity and consciousness
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Poverty and wealth
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Primary and secondary qualities
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Reason
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Service
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Simple and complex ideas
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Substance
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