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John Locke
An Essay Concerning Human Understanding Section S11
Section 500 of 1,114
Canonical reference B2.C27.S11
English
Project Gutenberg transcription of Locke author text
This being premised, to find wherein personal identity consists, we must consider what PERSON stands for; - which, I think, is a thinking intelligent being, that has reason and reflection, and can consider itself as itself, the same thinking thing, in different times and places; which it does only by that consciousness which is inseparable from thinking, and, as it seems to me, essential to it: it being impossible for any one to perceive without PERCEIVING that he does perceive. When we see, hear, smell, taste, feel, meditate, or will anything, we know that we do so. Thus it is always as to our present sensations and perceptions: and by this every one is to himself that which he calls SELF: - it not being considered, in this case, whether the same self be continued in the same or divers substances. For, since consciousness always accompanies thinking, and it is that which makes every one to be what he calls self, and thereby distinguishes himself from all other thinking things, in this alone consists personal identity, i.e. the sameness of a rational being: and as far as this consciousness can be extended backwards to any past action or thought, so far reaches the identity of that person; it is the same self now it was then; and it is by the same self with this present one that now reflects on it, that that action was done.
French
Pierre Coste · Pierre Mortier, Amsterdam, 1735, third edition
Que cela ſoit ainſi, nous en avons une eſpèce de démonſtration dans notre propre Corps, dont toutes les particules font partie de nous-mêmes, c’eſt-à-dire, de cet Etre penſant qui ſe reconnoit interieurement le même, tandis que ces particules ſont vitalement unies à ce même ſoi penſant, de ſorte que nous ſentons le bien ou le mal qui leur arrive par l’attouchement ou par quelque autre voye que ce ſoit. Ainſi les Membres du Corps de chaque homme ſont une partie de lui-même : il prend part & eſt intereſſé à ce qui les touche. Mais qu’une main vienne à être coupée, & par-là ſeparée du Sentiment que nous avions du chaud, du froid, & des autres affections de cette main, dès ce moment elle n’eſt non plus une partie de ce que nous appellons nous-mêmes, que la partie de Matiére qui eſt la plus éloignée de nous. Ainſi nous voyons que la Subſtance dans laquelle conſiſtoit le ſoi perſonnel en un temps, peut être changée dans un autre temps, ſans qu’il arrive aucun changement à l’Identité perſonnelle : car on ne doute point de la continuation de la même Perſonne, quoi que les membres qui en faiſoient partie il n’y a qu’un moment, viennent à être retranchez.
Concepts in this passage
Affects
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Care of the soul
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Degrees of knowledge and probability
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Ether and field
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Family
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Ideas from sensation and reflection
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Knowledge
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Law
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Messiah
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Mindfulness
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Nominal and real essence
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Parable and reversal
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Personal identity and consciousness
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Primary and secondary qualities
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Reason
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Simple and complex ideas
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Sin
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Substance
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Time
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War and peace
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