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John Locke
An Essay Concerning Human Understanding Section S31
Section 520 of 1,114
Canonical reference B2.C27.S31
English
Project Gutenberg transcription of Locke author text
For, supposing a rational spirit be the idea of a MAN, it is easy to know what is the same man, viz. the same spirit - whether separate or in a body - will be the SAME MAN. Supposing a rational spirit vitally united to a body of a certain conformation of parts to make a man; whilst that rational spirit, with that vital conformation of parts, though continued in a fleeting successive body, remains, it will be the SAME MAN. But if to any one the idea of a man be but the vital union of parts in a certain shape; as long as that vital union and shape remain in a concrete, no otherwise the same but by a continued succession of fleeting particles, it will be the SAME MAN. For, whatever be the composition whereof the complex idea is made, whenever existence makes it one particular thing under any denomination, THE SAME EXISTENCE CONTINUED preserves it the SAME individual under the same denomination.
French AI-generated translation, non-official
Codex gpt-5.6-sol · Non-official working translation · 2026-09-30
Car, à supposer que l’idée d’un HOMME soit celle d’un esprit raisonnable, il est facile de savoir ce qu’est le même homme, à savoir que le même esprit, séparé ou uni à un corps, sera le MÊME HOMME. À supposer qu’un esprit raisonnable, uni vitalement à un corps dont les parties ont une certaine conformation, constitue un homme, tant que cet esprit raisonnable subsistera avec cette conformation vitale des parties, bien que celle-ci se poursuive dans un corps changeant et successif, ce sera le MÊME HOMME. Mais si, pour quelqu’un, l’idée d’un homme n’est que l’union vitale de parties ayant une certaine forme, tant que cette union vitale et cette forme demeureront dans un composé qui ne reste le même que par une succession continue de particules changeantes, ce sera le MÊME HOMME. Car, quelle que soit la composition dont est formée l’idée complexe, dès que l’existence en fait une chose particulière sous une dénomination quelconque, LA CONTINUITÉ DE LA MÊME EXISTENCE la conserve comme le MÊME individu sous la même dénomination.
Concepts in this passage
Care of the soul
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Degrees of knowledge and probability
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Ether and field
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Ideas from sensation and reflection
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Knowledge
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Law
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Nominal and real essence
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Personal identity and consciousness
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Political union
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Primary and secondary qualities
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Psychological complex
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Reason
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Service
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Simple and complex ideas
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Sin
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Spirit
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