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John Locke
An Essay Concerning Human Understanding Section S12
Section 815 of 1,114
Canonical reference B3.C11.S12
English
Project Gutenberg transcription of Locke author text
Fourthly, But, because common use has not so visibly annexed any signification to words, as to make men know always certainly what they precisely stand for: and because men, in the improvement of their knowledge, come to have ideas different from the vulgar and ordinary received ones, for which they must either make new words, (which men seldom venture to do, for fear of being thought guilty of affectation or novelty,) or else must use old ones in a new signification: therefore, after the observation of the foregoing rules, it is sometimes necessary, for the ascertaining the signification of words, to DECLARE THEIR MEANING; where either common use has left it uncertain and loose, (as it has in most names of very complex ideas;) or where the term, being very material in the discourse, and that upon which it chiefly turns, is liable to any doubtfulness or mistake.
French
Pierre Coste · Pierre Mortier, Amsterdam, 1735, third edition
Mais parce que l’Uſage commun n’a pas ſi viſiblement attaché ce qu’ils ſignifient au juſte ; & parce que les hommes en perfectionnant leurs connoiſſances, viennent à avoir des idées qui différent des idées vulgaires, de ſorte que pour déſigner ces nouvelles idées, ils ſont obligez ou de faire de nouveaux mots, (ce qu’on hazarde rarement, de peur que cela ne paſſe pour affectation ou pour un déſir d’innover) ou d’employer des termes uſitez, dans un ſens tout nouveau : pour cet effet après avoir obſervé les Règles précedentes, je dis en quatriéme lieu, qu’il eſt quelquefois néceſſaire, pour fixer la ſignification des mots, de déclarer en quel ſens on les prend, lors que l’uſage commun les a laiſſez dans une ſignification vague & incertaine, (comme dans la plûpart des noms des Idées fort complexes) ou lorsqu’on s’en ſert dans un ſens un peu particulier, ou que le terme étant ſi eſſentiel dans le Diſcours que le principal ſujet de la Queſtion en dépend, il ſe trouve ſujet à quelque équivoque ou à quelque mauvaiſe interpretation.
Concepts in this passage
Affects
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Care of the soul
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Degrees of knowledge and probability
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Desire
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Faith
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Family
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Fear
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Ideas from sensation and reflection
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Impressions and assent
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Justice
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Knowledge
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Law
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Necessity
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Nominal and real essence
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Personal identity and consciousness
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Primary and secondary qualities
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Psychological complex
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Reason
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Service
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Simple and complex ideas
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Time
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Wisdom
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