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John Locke
An Essay Concerning Human Understanding Section S22
Section 825 of 1,114
Canonical reference B3.C11.S22
English
Project Gutenberg transcription of Locke author text
But because many of the simple ideas that make up our specific ideas of substances are powers which lie not obvious to our senses in the things as they ordinarily appear; therefore, in the signification of our names of substances, some part of the signification will be better made known by enumerating those simple ideas, than by showing the substance itself. For, he that to the yellow shining colour of gold, got by sight, shall, from my enumerating them, have the ideas of great ductility, fusibility, fixedness, and solubility, in aqua regia, will have a perfecter idea of gold than he can have by seeing a piece of gold, and thereby imprinting in his mind only its obvious qualities. But if the formal constitution of this shining, heavy, ductile thing, (from whence all these its properties flow,) lay open to our senses, as the formal constitution or essence of a triangle does, the signification of the word gold might as easily be ascertained as that of triangle.
French
Pierre Coste · Pierre Mortier, Amsterdam, 1735, third edition
Mais parce que la plûpart des Idées ſimples qui compoſent nos Idées ſpécifiques des Subſtances, ſont des Puiſſances qui ne ſont pas préſentes à nos Sens dans les choſes conſiderées ſelon qu’elles paroiſſent ordinairement, il s’enſuit de là que dans les noms des Subſtances l’on peut mieux donner à connoître une partie de leur ſignification en faiſant une énumeration de ces idées ſimples qu’en montrant la Subſtance même. Car celui qui outre ce jaune brillant qu’il a remarqué dans l’Or par le moyen de la vûë, acquerra les idées d’une grande ductilité, de fuſibilité, de fixité, & de capacité d’être diſſous dans l’Eau Regale, en conſéquence de l’énumération que je lui en ferai, aura une idée plus parfaite de l’Or, qu’il ne peut avoir en voyant une piéce d’or, par où il ne peut recevoir dans l’Eſprit que la ſeule empreinte des qualitez les plus ordinaires de l’Or. Mais ſi la conſtitution formelle de cette Choſe brillante, peſante, ductile, &c. d’où découlent toutes ces propriétez, paroiſſoit à nos Sens d’une maniére auſſi diſtincte que nous voyons la conſtitution formelle ou l’eſſence d’un Triangle, la ſignification du mot Or pourroit être auſſi aiſément déterminée que celle d’un Triangle.
Concepts in this passage
Care of the soul
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Constitutional government
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Degrees of knowledge and probability
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Family
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Ideas from sensation and reflection
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Impressions and assent
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Knowledge
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Nominal and real essence
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Personal identity and consciousness
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Primary and secondary qualities
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Reason
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Simple and complex ideas
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Spirit
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Substance
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