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John Locke
An Essay Concerning Human Understanding Section S5
Section 676 of 1,114
Canonical reference B3.C5.S5
English
Project Gutenberg transcription of Locke author text
Nobody can doubt but that these ideas of mixed modes are made by a voluntary collection of ideas, put together in the mind, independent from any original patterns in nature, who will but reflect that this sort of complex ideas may be made, abstracted, and have names given them, and so a species be constituted, before any one individual of that species ever existed. Who can doubt but the ideas of SACRILEGE or ADULTERY might be framed in the minds of men, and have names given them, and so these species of mixed modes be constituted, before either of them was ever committed; and might be as well discoursed of and reasoned about, and as certain truths discovered of them, whilst yet they had no being but in the understanding, as well as now, that they have but too frequently a real existence? Whereby it is plain how much the sorts of mixed modes are the creatures of the understanding, where they have a being as subservient to all the ends of real truth and knowledge, as when they really exist. And we cannot doubt but law-makers have often made laws about species of actions which were only the creatures of their own understandings; beings that had no other existence but in their own minds. And I think nobody can deny but that the RESURRECTION was a species of mixed modes in the mind, before it really existed.
French
Pierre Coste · Pierre Mortier, Amsterdam, 1735, third edition
Quiconque conſiderera qu’on peut former cette ſorte d’Idées complexes, les abſtraire, leur donner des noms, & qu’ainſi l’on peut conſtituer une Eſpèce diſtincte avec qu’aucun Individu de cette Eſpèce ait jamais exiſté, quiconque, dis-je, fera reflexion ſur tout cela, ne pourra douter que de ces Idées de Modes mixtes ne ſoient faites par une combinaiſon volontaire d’idées réunies dans l’Eſprit. Qui ne voit, par exemple, que les hommes peuvent former en eux-mêmes les idées de ſacrilege ou d’adultére, & leur donner des noms, en ſorte que par-là ces Eſpèces de Modes mixtes pourroient être établies avant que ces choſes ayent été commiſes, & qu’on en pourroit diſcourir auſſi bien, & découvrir ſur leur ſujet des véritez auſſi certaines, pendant qu’elles n’exiſteroient que dans l’Entendement, qu’on ſauroit le faire à préſent qu’elles n’ont que trop ſouvent une exiſtence réelle ? D’où il paroît évidemment que les Eſpèces des Modes mixtes ſont un Ouvrage de l’Entendement, où ils ont une exiſtence auſſi propre à tous les uſages qu’on en peut tirer pour l’avancement de la Vérité, que lorſqu’ils exiſtent réellement. Et l’on ne peut douter que dans les Légiſlateurs n’ayent ſouvent fait des Loix ſur des eſpèces d’Actions qui n’étoient que des Ouvrages de leur Entendement, c’eſt-à-dire, des Etres qui n’exiſtoient que dans leur Eſprit. Je ne croi pas non plus que perſonne nie, que la Reſurrection ne fût une Eſpèce de Mode mixte, qui exiſtoit dans l’Eſprit avant que d’avoir hors de là une exiſtence réelle.
Concepts in this passage
Care of the soul
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Degrees of knowledge and probability
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Education
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Ether and field
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Family
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Ideas from sensation and reflection
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Impressions and assent
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Knowledge
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Law
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Mode
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Nature
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Nominal and real essence
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Personal identity and consciousness
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Primary and secondary qualities
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Psychological complex
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Reason
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Resurrection
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Simple and complex ideas
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Spirit
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Truth
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Wisdom
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