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Plato
Charmides Passage 173
Passage 21 of 24
Canonical reference 173
Ancient Greek
perseus-plato-charmides-grc
ὡς ἀληθῶς γάρ, εἰ ὅτι μάλιστα τοιοῦτόν ἐστιν ἡ σωφροσύνη, οὐδέν μοι δῆλον εἶναι δοκεῖ ὅτι ἀγαθὸν ἡμᾶς ἀπεργάζεται. πῶς δή; ἦ δʼ ὅς. λέγε, ἵνα καὶ ἡμεῖς εἰδῶμεν ὅτι λέγεις. οἶμαι μέν, ἦν δʼ ἐγώ, ληρεῖν με· ὅμως τό γε προφαινόμενον ἀναγκαῖον σκοπεῖν καὶ μὴ εἰκῇ παριέναι, εἴ τίς γε αὑτοῦ καὶ σμικρὸν κήδεται. καλῶς γάρ, ἔφη, λέγεις. ἄκουε δή, ἔφην, τὸ ἐμὸν ὄναρ, εἴτε διὰ κεράτων εἴτε διʼ ἐλέφαντος ἐλήλυθεν. εἰ γὰρ ὅτι μάλιστα ἡμῶν ἄρχοι ἡ σωφροσύνη, οὖσα οἵαν νῦν ὁριζόμεθα, ἄλλο τι κατὰ τὰς ἐπιστήμας πάντʼ ἂν πράττοιτο, καὶ οὔτε τις κυβερνήτης φάσκων εἶναι, ὢν δὲ οὔ, ἐξαπατῷ ἂν ἡμᾶς, οὔτε ἰατρὸς οὔτε στρατηγὸς οὔτʼ ἄλλος οὐδείς, προσποιούμενός τι εἰδέναι ὃ μὴ οἶδεν, λανθάνοι ἄν· ἐκ δὴ τούτων οὕτως ἐχόντων ἄλλο ἂν ἡμῖν τι συμβαίνοι ἢ ὑγιέσιν τε τὰ σώματα εἶναι μᾶλλον ἢ νῦν, καὶ ἐν τῇ θαλάττῃ κινδυνεύοντας καὶ ἐν πολέμῳ σῴζεσθαι, καὶ τὰ σκεύη καὶ τὴν ἀμπεχόνην καὶ ὑπόδεσιν πᾶσαν καὶ τὰ χρήματα πάντα τεχνικῶς ἡμῖν εἰργασμένα εἶναι καὶ ἄλλα πολλὰ διὰ τὸ ἀληθινοῖς δημιουργοῖς χρῆσθαι; εἰ δὲ βούλοιό γε, καὶ τὴν μαντικὴν εἶναι συγχωρήσωμεν ἐπιστήμην τοῦ μέλλοντος ἔσεσθαι, καὶ τὴν σωφροσύνην, αὐτῆς ἐπιστατοῦσαν, τοὺς μὲν ἀλαζόνας ἀποτρέπειν, τοὺς δὲ ὡς ἀληθῶς μάντεις καθιστάναι ἡμῖν προφήτας τῶν μελλόντων. κατεσκευασμένον δὴ οὕτω τὸ ἀνθρώπινον γένος ὅτι μὲν ἐπιστημόνως ἂν πράττοι καὶ ζῴη, ἕπομαι - ἡ γὰρ σωφροσύνη φυλάττουσα οὐκ ἂν ἐῴη παρεμπίπτουσαν τὴν ἀνεπιστημοσύνην συνεργὸν ἡμῖν εἶναι - ὅτι δʼ ἐπιστημόνως ἂν πράττοντες εὖ ἂν πράττοιμεν καὶ εὐδαιμονοῖμεν, τοῦτο δὲ οὔπω δυνάμεθα μαθεῖν, ὦ φίλε Κριτία. ἀλλὰ μέντοι, ἦ δʼ ὅς, οὐ ῥᾳδίως εὑρήσεις ἄλλο τι τέλος τοῦ εὖ πράττειν, ἐὰν τὸ ἐπιστημόνως ἀτιμάσῃς. σμικρὸν τοίνυν με, ἦν δʼ ἐγώ, ἔτι προσδίδαξον. τίνος ἐπιστημόνως λέγεις; ἦ σκυτῶν τομῆς; μὰ Δίʼ οὐκ ἔγωγε. ἀλλὰ χαλκοῦ ἐργασίας; οὐδαμῶς. ἀλλὰ ἐρίων ἢ ξύλων ἢ ἄλλου του τῶν τοιούτων; οὐ δῆτα. οὐκ ἄρα, ἦν δʼ ἐγώ, ἔτι ἐμμένομεν τῷ λόγῳ τῷ εὐδαίμονα εἶναι τὸν ἐπιστημόνως ζῶντα. οὗτοι γὰρ ἐπιστημόνως ζῶντες οὐχ ὁμολογοῦνται παρὰ σοῦ εὐδαίμονες εἶναι, ἀλλὰ περί τινων ἐπιστημόνως ζῶντα σὺ δοκεῖς μοι ἀφορίζεσθαι τὸν εὐδαίμονα.
English
Benjamin Jowett · perseus-plato-charmides-en
For in truth, let temperance be ever so much what we say it is, I see nothing to show what good effect it has on us. How so? he asked: tell us, in order that we on our side may know what you mean. I expect, I said, I am talking nonsense: but still one is bound to consider what occurs to one, and not idly ignore it, if one has even a little concern for oneself. And you are quite right, he said. Hear then, I said, my dream, whether it has come through horn or through ivory. Suppose that temperance were such as we now define her, and that she had entire control of us: must it not be that every act would be done according to the sciences, and no one professing to be a pilot when he was not would deceive us, nor would a doctor, nor a general, nor anyone else pretending to know something he did not know, go undetected; and would not these conditions result in our having greater bodily health than we have now, safety in perils of the sea and war, and skilful workmanship in all our utensils, our clothes, our shoes, nay, everything about us, and various things besides, because we should be employing genuine craftsmen? And if you liked, we might concede that prophecy, as the knowledge of what is to be, and temperance directing her, will deter the charlatans, and establish the true prophets as our prognosticators. Thus equipped, the human race would indeed act and live according to knowledge, I grant you (for temperance, on the watch, would not suffer ignorance to foist herself in and take a hand in our labors), but that by acting according to knowledge we should do well and be happy - this is a point which as yet we are unable to make out, my dear Critias. But still, he replied, you will have some difficulty in finding any other fulfillment of welfare if you reject the rule of knowledge. Then inform me further, I said, on one more little matter. Of what is this knowledge? Do you mean of shoe-making? Good heavens, not I! Well, of working in brass? By no means. Well, in wool, or in wood, or in something else of that sort? No, indeed. Then we no longer hold, I said, to the statement that he who lives according to knowledge is happy; for these workers, though they live according to knowledge, are not acknowledged by you to be happy: you rather delimit the happy man, it seems to me, as one who lives according to knowledge about certain things.
French
Victor Cousin · wikisource-cousin-charmides-fr-01
[173a] prouvé pour moi qu’elle nous fasse aucun bien. Comment ! Explique-toi, que nous sachions ce que tu penses. Je crois bien, repris-je, que je suis en délire ; mais encore faut-il ne pas laisser passer légèrement et sans examen les idées qui nous viennent à l’esprit, pour peu que l’on s’intéresse à soi-même. À merveille. Écoute donc mon songe, et juge s’il est sorti de la porte d’ivoire ou de la porte de corne. Quel que soit sur nous l’empire de la sagesse, en la supposant telle que nous avons dit, [173b] qu’en résulte-t-il après tout ? Qu’un homme, qui prétendrait être pilote sans connaître son art, ne pourrait nous abuser, non plus qu’un médecin, un général, qui se donneraient pour savoir ce qu’ils ne savent pas. En cet état de choses, aurions-nous d’autre avantage à espérer, si ce n’est une meilleure santé pour le corps, une garantie plus sûre contre les dangers de la mer et de la guerre, et une certaine perfection pour nos meubles, nos habillemens, notre chaussure, [173c] et toutes choses de ce genre, parce que nous nous servirions de vrais artistes. Même, si tu veux, prenons aussi l’art du devin pour la science de l’avenir, et que la sagesse nous serve de guide pour nous préserver des charlatans et nous faire découvrir les vrais devins, ceux qui lisent dans l’avenir. Je conçois bien que l’espèce humaine, [173d] ainsi gouvernée, pourrait vivre suivant la science ; car la sagesse, toujours attentive, ne souffrirait pas que l’ignorance vînt se mêler à nos travaux ; mais que, pour vivre suivant la science, nous devions vivre heureux, c’est, mon cher Critias, ce que je ne vois pas encore. Alors, dit-il, je ne sais où tu trouveras mieux ce qui constitue le bonheur de la vie, si la science ne l’explique pas. Apprends-moi encore seulement une petite chose, de quelle science veux-tu parler. Est-ce l’art de faire des sandales ? [173e] Non, par Jupiter ! Ou de travailler le fer ? Pas davantage. Ou la laine, le bois, et toutes choses pareilles ? Nullement. Alors, ne nous arrêtons pas à ce principe, que celui-là vit heureux qui vit selon la science. Car ces artistes qui possèdent une science, tu ne veux pas convenir qu’ils soient heureux, et tu parais ne reconnaître comme tels, que ceux qui possèdent certaines sciences. Qui donc est heureux, celui dont je parlais tout-à-l’heure, qui connaît
Concepts in this passage
Anger
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Care of the soul
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Dialectic
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Ether and field
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Faith
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Family
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Intelligible forms
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Friendship
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Human wisdom
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Impressions and assent
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Knowledge
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Messiah
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Prophecy
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Reason
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Roles and relationships
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Salvation
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Self-governance
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Service
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Sin
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Spirit
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Suffering
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Truth
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War and peace
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Wisdom
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