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Plato
Letters Attributed to Plato Passage 350
Passage 42 of 55
Canonical reference 350
Ancient Greek
perseus-plato-epistles-grc
ᾤκουν δὴ τὸ μετὰ τοῦτο ἔξω τῆς ἀκροπόλεως ἐν τοῖς μισθοφόροις· προσιόντες δέ μοι ἄλλοι τε καὶ οἱ τῶν ὑπηρεσιῶν ὄντες Ἀθήνηθεν, ἐμοὶ πολῖται, ἀπήγγελλον ὅτι διαβεβλημένος εἴην ἐν τοῖς πελτασταῖς καί μοί τινες ἀπειλοῖεν, εἴ που λήψονταί με, διαφθερεῖν. μηχανῶμαι δή τινα τοιάνδε σωτηρίαν. πέμπω παρʼ Ἀρχύτην καὶ τοὺς ἄλλους φίλους εἰς Τάραντα, φράζων ἐν οἷς ὢν τυγχάνω· οἱ δὲ πρόφασίν τινα πρεσβείας πορισάμενοι παρὰ τῆς πόλεως πέμπουσιν τριακόντορόν τε καὶ Λαμίσκον αὑτῶν ἕνα, ὃς ἐλθὼν ἐδεῖτο Διονυσίου περὶ ἐμοῦ, λέγων ὅτι βουλοίμην ἀπιέναι, καὶ μηδαμῶς ἄλλως ποιεῖν. ὁ δὲ συνωμολόγησεν καὶ ἀπέπεμψεν ἐφόδια δούς, τῶν Δίωνος δὲ χρημάτων οὔτʼ ἐγὼ ἔτι ἀπῄτουν οὔτε τις ἀπέδωκεν. ἐλθὼν δὲ εἰς Πελοπόννησον εἰς Ὀλυμπίαν, Δίωνα καταλαβὼν θεωροῦντα, ἤγγελλον τὰ γεγονότα· ὁ δὲ τὸν Δία ἐπιμαρτυράμενος εὐθὺς παρήγγελλεν ἐμοὶ καὶ τοῖς ἐμοῖς οἰκείοις καὶ φίλοις παρασκευάζεσθαι τιμωρεῖσθαι Διονύσιον, ἡμᾶς μὲν ξεναπατίας χάριν - οὕτω γὰρ ἔλεγέν τε καὶ ἐνόει - αὐτὸν δʼ ἐκβολῆς ἀδίκου καὶ φυγῆς. ἀκούσας δʼ ἐγὼ τοὺς μὲν φίλους παρακαλεῖν αὐτὸν ἐκέλευον, εἰ βούλοιντο· ἐμὲ δʼ εἶπον ὅτι σὺ μετὰ τῶν ἄλλων βίᾳ τινὰ τρόπον σύσσιτον καὶ συνέστιον καὶ κοινωνὸν ἱερῶν Διονυσίῳ ἐποίησας, ὃς ἴσως ἡγεῖτο διαβαλλόντων πολλῶν ἐπιβουλεύειν ἐμὲ μετὰ σοῦ ἑαυτῷ καὶ τῇ τυραννίδι, καὶ ὅμως οὐκ ἀπέκτεινεν, ᾐδέσθη δέ. οὔτʼ οὖν ἡλικίαν ἔχω συμπολεμεῖν ἔτι σχεδὸν οὐδενί, κοινός τε ὑμῖν εἰμι, ἄν ποτέ τι πρὸς ἀλλήλους δεηθέντες φιλίας ἀγαθόν τι ποιεῖν βουληθῆτε· κακὰ δὲ ἕως ἂν ἐπιθυμῆτε, ἄλλους παρακαλεῖτε. ταῦτα εἶπον μεμισηκὼς τὴν περὶ Σικελίαν πλάνην καὶ ἀτυχίαν· ἀπειθοῦντες δὲ καὶ οὐ πειθόμενοι ταῖς ὑπʼ ἐμοῦ διαλλάξεσιν πάντων τῶν νῦν γεγονότων κακῶν αὐτοὶ αἴτιοι ἐγένοντο αὑτοῖς, ὧν, εἰ Διονύσιος ἀπέδωκεν τὰ χρήματα Δίωνι ἢ καὶ παντάπασι κατηλλάγη, οὐκ ἄν ποτε ἐγένετο οὐδέν, ὅσα γε δὴ τἀνθρώπινα - Δίωνα γὰρ ἐγὼ καὶ τῷ βούλεσθαι καὶ τῷ δύνασθαι κατεῖχον ἂν ῥᾳδίως - νῦν δὲ ὁρμήσαντες ἐπʼ ἀλλήλους κακῶν πάντα ἐμπεπλήκασιν.
English
Benjamin Jowett · perseus-plato-epistles-en
Thereafter I was residing outside the citadel among the mercenaries; and amongst others some of the servants who were from Athens , fellow-citizens of my own, came to me and reported that I had been slanderously spoken of amongst the peltasts; and that some of them were threatening that if they could catch me they would make away with me. So I devised the following plan to save myself: I sent to Archytas and my other friends in Tarentum stating the position in which I found myself: and they, having found some pretext for an Embassy from the State, dispatched a thirty-oared vessel, and with it one of themselves, called Lamiscus; and he, when he came, made request to Dionysius concerning me, saying that I was desirous to depart, and begging him by all means to give his consent. To this he agreed, and he sent me forth after giving me supplies for the journey; but as to Dion ’s money, neither did I ask for any of it nor did anyone pay me any. On arriving at Olympia , in the Peloponnese , I came upon Dion , who was attending the Games; and I reported what had taken place. And he, calling Zeus to witness, was invoking me and my relatives and friends to prepare at once to take vengeance on Dionysius, - we on account of his treachery to guests (for that was what Dion said and meant) , and he himself on account of his wrongful expulsion and banishment. And I, when I heard this, bade him summon my friends to his aid, should they be willing - But as for me, I said, it was you yourself, with the others, who by main force, so to say, made me an associate of Dionysius at table and at hearth and a partaker in his holy rites; and he, though he probably believed that I, as many slanderers asserted, was conspiring with you against himself and his throne, yet refrained from killing me, and showed compunction. Thus, not only am I no longer, as I may say, of an age to assist anyone in war, but I also have ties in common with you both, in case you should ever come to crave at all for mutual friendship and wish to do one another good; but so long as you desire to do evil, summon others. This I said because I loathed my Sicilian wandering and its ill-success. They, however, by their disobedience and their refusal to heed my attempts at conciliation have themselves to blame for all the evils which have now happened; for, in all human probability, none of these would ever have occurred if Dionysius had paid over the money to Dion or had even become wholly reconciled to him, for both my will and my power were such that I could have easily restrained Dion . But, as things are, by rushing the one against the other they have flooded the world with woes.
French
Victor Cousin · wikisource-cousin-epistles-fr-01
[350a] J’habitai donc dorénavant hors de la citadelle, au milieu des soldats mercenaires. Bientôt je fus averti, par quelques domestiques athéniens, mes compatriotes, qu’on m’avait noirci dans l’esprit des peltastes, et que quelques-uns d’entre eux avaient annoncé qu’ils me tueraient s’ils me rencontraient. Voici le moyen que je résolus d’employer pour me sauver. Je fis connaître ma position à Archytas et à mes autres amis de Tarente : ceux-ci, sous le prétexte d’une ambassade, m’envoyèrent un vaisseau [350b] à trente rames avec Lamisque, l’un d’eux, qui intercéda pour moi auprès de Denys en l’assurant que je n’avais qu’un seul désir, celui de m’en aller. Denys y consentit, et me congédia en me donnant de quoi faire le voyage. Quant aux biens de Dion, je ne renouvelai point mes réclamations, et personne ne m’en parla. À mon arrivée dans le Péloponnèse, je trouvai Dion aux jeux olympiques et lui racontai tout ce qui s’était passé. Alors, prenant Jupiter à témoin, il annonça à tous ses amis [350c] et à moi qu’il voulait tirer vengeance de Denys, d’abord pour m’avoir indignement traité quand j’étais son hôte (ce furent là et ses pensées et ses paroles), et aussi pour l’avoir lui-même injustement persécuté et banni. À ces mots, je lui dis qu’il pouvait bien engager ses amis à le seconder, si cela leur convenait ; mais pour, moi, lui dis-je, toi et tes amis m’avez presque contraint de partager la table, la maison et les sacrifices de Denys ; et quoique la calomnie lui ait persuadé que je conspirais avec toi contre sa vie et sa tyrannie, il n’a point osé me tuer. [350d] D’ailleurs, je ne suis plus en âge de porter les armes pour qui que ce soit. Je réserve mes services pour le temps où la vertu vous rapprochera et vous inspirera le dessein de renouer votre ancienne amitié. Mais, tant que vous ne respirerez que la haine, appelez-en d’autres pour s’associer à votre entreprise. Je parlais ainsi avec un amer dégoût de mon séjour et de mes mauvais succès en Italie. Je ne pus persuader Dion et les siens, et leur aveuglement fut la cause de tous les malheurs qui sont survenus ; malheurs qui ne seraient pas arrivés, autant qu’on peut juger des affaires humaines, si Denys [350e] eût rendu à Dion sa fortune, ou plutôt s’il se fût tout-à-fait réconcilié avec lui. Mes conseils et mon influence auraient aisément arrêté Dion ; mais en se cherchant tous deux les armes à la main, ils n’ont fait qu’engendrer toutes sortes de maux.
Concepts in this passage
Anger
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Beneficence
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Care of the soul
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Desire
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Dialectic
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Faith
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Family
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Intelligible forms
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Fortune
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Friendship
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Holiness
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Judgment
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Justice
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Li, ritual propriety
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Messiah
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Philosophical eros
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Reason
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Ressentiment
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Roles and relationships
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Salvation
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Service
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Spirit
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Time
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Virtue
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War and peace
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Worship
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