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Plato
Socrates in Plato’s Republic Passage 383
Passage 55 of 278
Canonical reference 383
Ancient Greek
perseus-plato-republic-grc
κομιδῇ ἄρα ὁ θεὸς ἁπλοῦν καὶ ἀληθὲς ἔν τε ἔργῳ καὶ λόγῳ, καὶ οὔτε αὐτὸς μεθίσταται οὔτε ἄλλους ἐξαπατᾷ, οὔτε κατὰ φαντασίας οὔτε κατὰ λόγους οὔτε κατὰ σημείων πομπάς, οὔθʼ ὕπαρ οὐδʼ ὄναρ. οὕτως, ἔφη, ἔμοιγε καὶ αὐτῷ φαίνεται σοῦ λέγοντος. συγχωρεῖς ἄρα, ἔφην, τοῦτον δεύτερον τύπον εἶναι ἐν ᾧ δεῖ περὶ θεῶν καὶ λέγειν καὶ ποιεῖν, ὡς μήτε αὐτοὺς γόητας ὄντας τῷ μεταβάλλειν ἑαυτοὺς μήτε ἡμᾶς ψεύδεσι παράγειν ἐν λόγῳ ἢ ἐν ἔργῳ; συγχωρῶ. πολλὰ ἄρα Ὁμήρου ἐπαινοῦντες, ἀλλὰ τοῦτο οὐκ ἐπαινεσόμεθα, τὴν τοῦ ἐνυπνίου πομπὴν ὑπὸ Διὸς τῷ Ἀγαμέμνονι· οὐδὲ Αἰσχύλου, ὅταν φῇ ἡ Θέτις τὸν Ἀπόλλω ἐν τοῖς αὑτῆς γάμοις ᾄδοντα ἐνδατεῖσθαι τὰς ἑὰς εὐπαιδίας Hom. Il. 2.1 - νόσων τʼ ἀπείρους καὶ μακραίωνας βίους, ξύμπαντά τʼ εἰπὼν θεοφιλεῖς ἐμὰς τύχας παιᾶνʼ ἐπηυφήμησεν, εὐθυμῶν ἐμέ. κἀγὼ τὸ Φοίβου θεῖον ἀψευδὲς στόμα ἤλπιζον εἶναι, μαντικῇ βρύον τέχνῃ· ὁ δʼ, αὐτὸς ὑμνῶν, αὐτὸς ἐν θοίνῃ παρών, αὐτὸς τάδʼ εἰπών, αὐτός ἐστιν ὁ κτανὼν τὸν παῖδα τὸν ἐμόν - Aesch. Frag. 350 ὅταν τις τοιαῦτα λέγῃ περὶ θεῶν, χαλεπανοῦμέν τε καὶ χορὸν οὐ δώσομεν, οὐδὲ τοὺς διδασκάλους ἐάσομεν ἐπὶ παιδείᾳ χρῆσθαι τῶν νέων, εἰ μέλλουσιν ἡμῖν οἱ φύλακες θεοσεβεῖς τε καὶ θεῖοι γίγνεσθαι, καθʼ ὅσον ἀνθρώπῳ ἐπὶ πλεῖστον οἷόν τε. παντάπασιν, ἔφη, ἔγωγε τοὺς τύπους τούτους συγχωρῶ, καὶ ὡς νόμοις ἂν χρῴμην.
English
Benjamin Jowett · perseus-plato-republic-en
Then God is altogether simple and true in deed and word, and neither changes himself nor deceives others by visions or words or the sending of signs in waking or in dreams. I myself think so, he said, when I hear you say it. You concur then, I said, this as our second norm or canon for speech and poetry about the gods, - that they are neither wizards in shape-shifting nor do they mislead us by falsehoods in words or deed? I concur. Then, though there are many other things that we praise in Homer, this we will not applaud, the sending of the dream by Zeus to Agamemnon, nor shall we approve of Aeschylus when his Thetis avers that Apollo singing at her wedding, foretold the happy fortunes of her issue Hom. Il. 2.1 - Their days prolonged, from pain and sickness free, And rounding out the tale of heaven’s blessings, Raised the proud paean, making glad my heart. And I believed that Phoebus’ mouth divine, Filled with the breath of prophecy, could not lie. But he himself, the singer, himself who sat At meat with us, himself who promised all, Is now himself the slayer of my son. Aesch. Frag. 350 When anyone says that sort of thing about the gods, we shall be wroth with him, we will refuse him a chorus, neither will we allow teachers to use him for the education of the young if our guardians are to be god-fearing men and god-like in so far as that is possible for humanity. By all means, he said, I accept these norms and would use them as canons and laws.
French AI-generated translation, non-official
Codex gpt-5.6-sol · Non-official working translation · 2026-09-11
Dieu est donc entièrement simple et vrai en action comme en parole ; il ne se transforme pas lui-même et ne trompe pas les autres par des visions, des paroles ou l’envoi de signes, dans la veille ou dans les rêves. C’est aussi ce que je pense, dit-il, lorsque je t’entends l’exposer. Tu conviens donc, dis-je, que voici notre seconde norme ou notre second canon pour les discours et les poèmes sur les dieux : ils ne sont ni des sorciers qui changent de forme, ni des êtres qui nous égarent par des mensonges en paroles ou en actes ? J’en conviens. Bien qu’il y ait beaucoup d’autres choses que nous louons chez Homère, nous n’approuverons donc pas l’envoi du songe par Zeus à Agamemnon ; nous n’approuverons pas davantage Eschyle lorsque sa Thétis affirme qu’Apollon, chantant à ses noces, avait prédit l’heureux destin de sa descendance, Hom. Il. 2.1 :
Leurs jours prolongés, exempts de douleur et de maladie,
Et, achevant le récit des bénédictions célestes,
Il entonna fièrement le péan, réjouissant mon cœur.
Et je crus que la bouche divine de Phébus,
Emplie du souffle prophétique, ne pouvait mentir.
Mais lui-même, le chanteur, lui-même qui prit place
À notre banquet, lui-même qui promit tout cela,
C’est lui-même à présent qui tue mon fils.
Esch. Frag. 350
Lorsque quelqu’un tient de tels propos au sujet des dieux, nous nous courroucerons contre lui ; nous lui refuserons un chœur et nous ne permettrons pas aux maîtres de se servir de lui pour l’éducation des jeunes, si nos gardiens doivent être des hommes craignant les dieux et semblables aux dieux autant qu’il est possible à l’humanité. Absolument, dit-il, j’accepte ces normes et j’en ferais des canons et des lois.
Concepts in this passage
Care of the soul
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Education
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Elenchus
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Ether and field
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Faith
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Family
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Fear
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Intelligible forms
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Fortune
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Freedom
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Friendship
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God
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Impressions and assent
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Law
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Prophecy
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Reason
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Ren, humaneness
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Sin
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