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Plutarch
Table Talk Section 1
Section 222 of 260
Canonical reference 8.8.1
Ancient Greek
ἐπεὶ δὲ τούτων λεγομένων ὁ Λεύκιος οὔτε ψέγων οὔτʼ ἐπαινῶν, ἀλλʼ ἡσυχίαν ἄγων, σιγῇ δὲ καὶ καθʼ ἑαυτὸν ὁρῶν ἤκουεν, ὀνομαστὶ καλέσας τὸν Σύλλαν ὁ Ἐμπεδοκλῆς Λεύκιος εἶπεν ὁ ἑταῖρος εἰ μὲν ἄχθεται τοῖς λεγομένοις, ὥρα πεπαῦσθαι καὶ ἡμᾶς· εἰ δὲ ταῦτα τῶν ὑπὸ τὴν ἐχεμυθίαν ἐστίν, ἀλλʼ ἐκεῖνό γε δοκῶ μήτʼ ἄρρητον εἶναι μήτʼ ἀνέξοιστον πρὸς ἑτέρους, ὅτι δὴ μάλιστα τῶν ἰχθύων ἀπείχοντο· καὶ γὰρ ἱστορεῖται τοῦτο περὶ τῶν παλαιῶν Πυθαγορικῶν καὶ τοῦ καθʼ ἡμᾶς Ἀλεξικράτους ἐνέτυχον μαθηταῖς, ἄλλα μὲν ἔστιν ὅτε μετρίως προσφερομένοις καὶ νὴ Δία θύουσιν, ἰχθύος δὲ μὴ γεύσασθαι τὸ παράπαν ὑπομένουσιν. ἣν δὲ Τυνδάρης ὁ Λακεδαιμόνιος αἰτίαν ἔλεγε δὲ τῆς ἐχεμυθίας τοῦτο γέρας εἶναι, τοὺς ἰχθῦς καλεῖν ἔλλοπας , οἷον ἰλλομένην τὴν ὄπα καὶ καθειργομένην ἔχοντας· καὶ τὸν ὁμώνυμον ἐμοὶ τῷ παυσαμένῳ Πυθαγορικῶς περαίνειν τὰ δόγματα στέγουσαι φρενὸς ἀλλʼ ὅπερ ἐλάσσω , καὶ ὅλως θεῖον ἡγεῖσθαι τὴν σιωπὴν τοὺς ἄνδρας, ἅτε δὴ καὶ τῶν θεῶν ἔργοις καὶ πράγμασιν ἄνευ φωνῆς ἐπιδεικνυμένων ἃ βούλονται τοῖς ξυνετοῖς.
English
Thomas Creech, 1874
OUR former discourse Lucius neither reprehended nor approved, but, sitting silent and musing, gave us the hearing. Then Empedocles addressing his discourse to Sylla, said: If our friend Lucius is displeased with the discourse, it is time for us to leave off; but if these are some of their mysteries which ought to be concealed, yet I think this may be lawfully divulged, that they more cautiously abstain from fish than from other animals. For this is said of the ancient Pythagoreans; and even now I have met with Alexicrates’s scholars, who will eat and kill and even sacrifice some of the other animals, but will never taste fish. Tyndares the Spartan said, they spared fish because they had so great a regard for silence, and they called fish ἔλλοπας , because they had their voice shut up ( ἰλλομένην ); and my namesake Empedocles advised one who left the school of Pythagoras to shut up his mind,... and they thought silence to be divine, since the Gods without any voice discover their meaning to the wise by their works.
French AI-generated translation, non-official
Codex gpt-5.6-sol · Non-official working translation · 2026-09-13
LUCIUS ne blâma ni n’approuva notre précédent entretien ; assis en silence et plongé dans ses réflexions, il nous écoutait. Alors Empédocle, adressant son discours à Sylla, dit : Si notre ami Lucius est mécontent de cet entretien, il est temps que nous cessions ; mais si ce sont là quelques-uns de leurs mystères qu’il convient de tenir cachés, je pense néanmoins qu’on peut légitimement divulguer ceci : ils s’abstiennent de poisson avec plus de scrupule que des autres animaux. C’est du moins ce que l’on dit des anciens Pythagoriciens ; et, aujourd’hui encore, j’ai rencontré des disciples d’Alexicrate qui mangent, tuent et même sacrifient certains des autres animaux, mais ne goûtent jamais au poisson. Tyndarès le Spartiate disait qu’ils épargnaient les poissons parce qu’ils tenaient le silence en si haute estime, et qu’ils les appelaient ἔλλοπας parce qu’ils avaient la voix enfermée, ἰλλομένην ; et mon homonyme Empédocle conseillait à celui qui quittait l’école de Pythagore de tenir son esprit enfermé,... et ils estimaient le silence divin, puisque les Dieux, sans aucune voix, révèlent par leurs œuvres leur pensée aux sages.
Concepts in this passage
Care of the soul
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Comparative character
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Education
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Intelligible forms
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Friendship
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God
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Law
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Reason
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Sin
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Time
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Worship
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