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Posidonius
Fragments on Customs and Wars Carrier unit 108k
Carrier unit 147 of 197
Canonical reference F.108k
Ancient Greek
EXC. DE SENT. p. 384, 18;24: ὅτι ἀπηγριωμένων τῶν ἀποστατῶν δούλων πρὸς ὅλην τὴν οἰκίαν τῶν δεσποτῶν καὶ τρεπομένων πρὸς ἀπαραίτητον ὕβριν καὶ τιμωρίαν, ὑπέφαινον ὡς οὐ δι’ ὠμότητα φύσεως, ἀλλὰ διὰ τὰς προγεγενημένας εἰς αὐτοὺς ὑπερηφανίας ἐλύττων πρὸς τὴν προαδικησάντων κόλασιν τραπέντες. ὅτι καὶ παρὰ τοῖς οἰκέταις αὐτοδίδακτός ἐστιν ἡ φύσις εἰς δικαίαν ἀπόδοσιν χάριτός τε καὶ τιμωρίας.
English AI-generated translation, non-official
Codex gpt-5.6-sol · Non-official working translation · 2026-09-15
EXC. DE SENT. p. 384, 18-24: Although the rebellious slaves had become savage toward their masters’ entire household and had turned to implacable violence and punishment, they showed that it was not from natural cruelty, but because of the arrogant treatment they had previously suffered, that they raged and turned to punishing those who had first wronged them. Even among household slaves, nature is self-taught in making a just return for both kindness and punishment.
French AI-generated translation, non-official
Codex gpt-5.6-sol · Non-official working translation · 2026-09-15
EXC. DE SENT. p. 384, 18;24 : Les esclaves révoltés, devenus féroces contre toute la maison de leurs maîtres et se livrant à des outrages et à des châtiments sans merci, montraient qu’ils ne se déchaînaient pas par cruauté naturelle, mais qu’ils s’étaient tournés vers le châtiment de ceux qui leur avaient fait subir les premiers torts à cause des outrages antérieurs. Même chez les esclaves, la nature apprend d’elle-même à rendre justement aussi bien le bienfait que le châtiment.
Concepts in this passage
Beneficence
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Customs and institutions
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Empirical inquiry through travel
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Historical causation
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Justice
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Luxury and corruption
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Nature
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Reason
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War and civil disorder
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