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Posidonius
Fragments on Customs and Wars Carrier unit 111g
Carrier unit 173 of 197
Canonical reference F.111g
Ancient Greek
EXC. DE VIRTUT. I 309, 31 (= 29): ὅτι μετὰ τὸν Γράκχον ὑπὸ τοῦ ἰδίου δούλου τῶν γεγονότων αὐτοῦ φίλων Λεύκιος Οὐιτέλλιος πρῶτος ἐπιστὰς τῶι πτώματι αὐτοῦ οὐχ ὅπως ἠχθέσθη τῆι συμφορᾶι τοῦ τετελευτηκότος, ἀλλὰ τὴν κεφαλὴν ἀφελὼν καὶ κομίσας πρὸς ἑαυτὸν εἰς οἶκον ἰδίαν τινὰ πλεονεξίας ἐπίνοιαν καὶ ὠμότητος ὑπερβολὴν ἐπεδείξατο. ὁ γὰρ ὕπατος ἦν ἐπικεκηρυχὼς τῶι τὴν κεφαλὴν ἀπενέγκαντι δώσειν ἰσόσταθμον χρυσίον· ὁ δὲ τὸν τράχηλον διατρήσας καὶ τὸν ἐγκέφαλον ἐκκενώσας ἐνέτηξεν ἀντὶ τούτου μόλυβδον. ἀναδοὺς δὲ τὴν κεφαλὴν ἐκομίσατο μὲν τὸ χρυσίον, κατεγνώσθη δὲ εἰς ἅπαντα τὸν βίον ἐπὶ προδοσίαι φιλίας. ὁμοίως δὲ οἱ Φλάκκοι διεχειρίσθησαν.
English AI-generated translation, non-official
Codex gpt-5.6-sol · Non-official working translation · 2026-09-15
Excerpta de virtutibus I 309.31 (= 29): After Gracchus was killed by his own slave, Lucius Vitellius, the first of his former friends to come upon his corpse, far from being distressed by the dead man’s misfortune, cut off his head and carried it home, displaying a peculiar ingenuity in greed and an extraordinary degree of cruelty. For the consul had proclaimed that he would give the person who brought him the head its weight in gold. Vitellius pierced the neck, emptied out the brain, and poured molten lead into it instead. By handing over the head, he obtained the gold, but for the rest of his life he was condemned for betraying a friendship. The Flacci were likewise killed.
French AI-generated translation, non-official
Codex gpt-5.6-sol · Non-official working translation · 2026-09-15
Exc. De virtut. I 309, 31 (= 29) : après que Gracchus eut été tué par son propre esclave, Lucius Vitellius, qui avait compté parmi ses amis, fut le premier à se présenter devant son cadavre. Loin de s’affliger du malheur du défunt, il lui coupa la tête, l’emporta chez lui et conçut une ruse singulièrement cupide, qui témoignait d’une cruauté excessive. Le consul avait proclamé qu’il donnerait à celui qui lui apporterait la tête son poids en or. Vitellius perça donc le cou, en vida le cerveau et coula du plomb à sa place. Après avoir livré la tête, il reçut l’or, mais fut condamné pour le restant de ses jours comme traître à l’amitié. Les Flaccus furent tués de la même manière.
Concepts in this passage
Customs and institutions
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Empirical inquiry through travel
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Friendship
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Historical causation
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Luxury and corruption
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Nature
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Reason
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War and civil disorder
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