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Sextus Empiricus
Against the Physicists, Books IX-X of Against the Learned Section 33
Section 473 of 791
Canonical reference 10.33
Ancient Greek
Hermann Mutschmann and Jürgen Mau, editors · adversus-grc
ὅσον δὲ ἐπὶ τοῖς οὕτω λεγομένοις ὑπὸ τῶν Περιπατητικῶν, κινδυνεύει ὁ πρῶτος θεὸς τόπος εἶναι πάντων. κατὰ γὰρ Ἀριστοτέλη ὁ πρῶτος θεὸς ἦν τὸ πέρας· τοῦ οὐρανοῦ. ἤτοι οὖν ὁ θεὸς ἕτερόν τί ἐστι παρὰ τὸ οὐράνιον πέρας, ἢ αὐτὸ ἐκεῖνο ὁ θεός ἐστιν. καὶ εἰ μὲν ἕτερόν ἐστι παρὰ τὸ οὐράνιον πέρας, ἔσται τι ἕτερον ἐκτὸς τοῦ οὐρανοῦ, καὶ τὸ τούτου πέρας τόπος γενήσεται οὐρανοῦ, καὶ ταύτῃ δώσουσιν οἱ περὶ τὸν Ἀριστοτέλη ἐν τόπῳ περιέχεσθαι τὸν οὐρανόν· ὅπερ οὐχ ὑπομενοῦσιν, ἀνθεστῶτες ἑκατέρῳ τούτων, τῷ τε εἶναί τι ἐκτὸς τοῦ οὐρανοῦ καὶ τῷ τὸν οὐρανὸν ἐν τόπῳ περιέχεσθαι. εἰ δὲ ταὐτόν ἐστι τῷ οὐρανίῳ πέρατι ὁ θεός, ἐπεὶ τὸ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ πέρας τόπος ἐστὶ πάντων τῶν ἐντὸς οὐρανοῦ, ἔσται κατὰ τὸν Ἀριστοτέλη ὁ θεὸς πάντων τόπος, ὃ καὶ αὐτὸ τῶν ἀπεμφαινόντων.
English AI-generated translation, non-official
Codex gpt-5.6-sol · Non-official working translation · 2026-09-11
So far as these statements of the Peripatetics go, the first god is in danger of being the place of everything. For according to Aristotle, the first god was the boundary of heaven. Therefore either god is something other than the heavenly boundary, or god is that boundary itself. If god is something other than the heavenly boundary, there will be something outside heaven, and its boundary will become the place of heaven. In this way the followers of Aristotle will grant that heaven is contained in a place, which they will not accept, since they oppose both claims: that anything exists outside heaven and that heaven is contained in a place. But if god is identical with the heavenly boundary, then, since the boundary of heaven is the place of everything within heaven, according to Aristotle god will be the place of everything, which is itself incongruous.
French AI-generated translation, non-official
Codex gpt-5.6-sol · Non-official working translation · 2026-09-11
À s’en tenir aux propos des Péripatéticiens, le premier dieu risque d’être le lieu de toutes choses. Selon Aristote, le premier dieu était en effet la limite du ciel. Ou bien le dieu est autre chose que la limite céleste, ou bien cette limite même est le dieu. S’il est autre que la limite céleste, quelque chose d’autre existera hors du ciel, et la limite de cette chose deviendra le lieu du ciel. Les disciples d’Aristote accorderont alors que le ciel est contenu dans un lieu, ce qu’ils n’accepteront pas, puisqu’ils s’opposent à ces deux affirmations: qu’il existe quelque chose hors du ciel et que le ciel soit contenu dans un lieu. Mais si le dieu est identique à la limite céleste, puisque la limite du ciel est le lieu de toutes les choses situées à l’intérieur du ciel, le dieu sera, selon Aristote, le lieu de toutes choses, ce qui est encore incohérent.
Concepts in this passage
Equipollence
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Nature
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Philosophical eros
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Suspension of judgment
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