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Sextus Empiricus

Against the Professors, Books I-VI of Against the Learned Section 242

Section 242 of 757

Canonical reference 1.242

Ancient Greek

Hermann Mutschmann and Jürgen Mau, editors · adversus-grc

ίδιαί- τερον δέ ἐκεῖνο λεκτέον. τὸ ἐτυμολογία κρινόμενον ὄνο- μα ὅτι ἑλληνικόν ἐστιν, ἤτοι ἔτυμα πάντως ἔχειν ὀφείλει τὰ προηγούμενα αὐτοῦ ὀνόματα εἰς τινα τῶν φυσικῶς ἀναφωνηθέντων καταλήγειν. καὶ εἰ μὲν ἀπὸ ἐτύμων πάντως, κατὰ τοῦτο εἰς ἄπειρον τῆς ἐκπτώσεως γινομέ- νης ᾶναρχος ἔσται ἡ ἐτυμιολογία, καὶ οὐκ εἰσόμεθα εἰ ἑλ- ληνικόν ἐστι τὸ ἔσχατον λεγόμενον ὄνομα, ἀγνοοῦντες ποῖον ἦν τὸ ἀφʼ οὖ πρῶτον καιάγεται.

English AI-generated translation, non-official

Codex gpt-5.6-sol · Non-official working translation · 2026-09-11

But this more specific argument must be stated. A word judged by etymology to be Greek must either invariably have prior words that are themselves etymologically true, or those prior words must terminate in one of the expressions uttered naturally. If it invariably derives from etymologically true words, then, because the regress proceeds to infinity, etymology will have no beginning, and we shall not know whether the final word under discussion is Greek, since we do not know what first word it ultimately derives from.

French AI-generated translation, non-official

Codex gpt-5.6-sol · Non-official working translation · 2026-09-11

Mais il faut ajouter cet argument particulier. Le nom que l’étymologie juge grec doit nécessairement avoir des mots antérieurs qui sont eux-mêmes étymologiquement véritables, ou aboutir à l’une des expressions proférées naturellement. S’il procède toujours de mots véritables, la régression se faisant à l’infini, l’étymologie sera sans principe; nous ne saurons pas si le dernier nom prononcé est grec, puisque nous ignorons quel fut le premier dont il dérive.

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