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Sextus Empiricus
Against the Professors, Books I-VI of Against the Learned Section 279
Section 279 of 757
Canonical reference 1.279
Ancient Greek
Hermann Mutschmann and Jürgen Mau, editors · adversus-grc
εἶτα φψάῖσις μόνον ἐστὶν ἡ γνώμη, καθάπερ τὸ τοιοῦτο (Eurip. fr. 200 Nauck), σοφὸν γὰρ ἕν βούλευμα τὰς πολλὰς χέρας νικᾷ, σὺν ὄχλῳ δʼ ἀμαθία πλεῖστον κακόν φάσει δὲ οὐ πείθεται ὁ νοῦς περὶ τοῦ καλῶς εἰρῆσθαι ἤ μὴ [εἰρῆσθαι], ἀλλʼ ἀποδείξεων δεῖται. αἱ δέ ἀποδείξεις τῶν καθηκόντως λεγομένων ἢ μὴ οὐ γραμματικῆς εἰσιν ἀλλὰ φιλοσοφίας· τοίνυν καὶ ταύτῃ περισσὴν καὶ μα- ταίαν συμβέβηκεν εἰναι τὴν γραμματικήν. καὶ μὴν εἴπερ διὰ τὸ πολλὰ καλῶς εἰρῆσθαι τοῖς ποιηταῖς καὶ βιωφελῶς χρησίμη ἐστὶν ἡ προqῆτις γραμματικὴ αὐτῶν, ἐπεὶ πολ- λαπλασίονα τούτων διαστρόφως καὶ ἐπὶ λύμῃ τοῦ βίου παρʼ αὐτοῖς ἐξενήνεκται, ἄχρηστος γενήσεται. καθὰ γὰρ ἔστι τις ὁ εἰπὼν (Eurip. fr. 20 Nauck) μὴ Πλοῦτον εἴπῃς· οὐχὶ θαυμάζω θεόν, ὅν χώ κάκιστος ῥαδίως ἐκτήσατο, οὕτως ἔστι καὶ ὁ τοὐναντίον ἀποφαινόμενος (id. fr, 324 Nauck)· ὧ χρυσὲ δεξίωμα κάλλιστον βροτοῖς, ὡς οὔτε μήτηρ ἡδονὰς τοίας ἔχει, οὐ παῖδες ἀνθρώποισιν, οὐ φίλος πατήρ, οἵας σὺ χοὶ σὲ δώμασιν κεκτημένοι. καὶ πάλιν εὖ πρᾶσσε τὰ φίλων δʼ οὐδὲν ἤν τις δυστυχῇ. καὶ (adesp. fr. 464 Xauck) κάλλιστα μουσῶν φθέγγεται πλουτῶν ἀνήρ.|
English AI-generated translation, non-official
Codex gpt-5.6-sol · Non-official working translation · 2026-09-11
Next, a maxim is only an assertion, such as this one (Euripides, fr. 200 Nauck): “One wise counsel conquers many hands, while ignorance joined with a crowd is the greatest evil.” The mind is not persuaded by assertion as to whether something has been well said or not, but requires demonstrations. Demonstrations of whether statements are fitting or not belong not to grammar but to philosophy. In this respect too, therefore, grammar proves superfluous and futile. Moreover, if grammar, the interpreter of the poets, is useful because they have said many things well and beneficially, then since they have uttered many times more things perversely and to the ruin of life, it will be useless. For just as someone said (Euripides, fr. 20 Nauck), “Do not speak of Wealth. I do not admire as a god what even the vilest man easily acquired,” so another declares the contrary (fr. 324 Nauck): “O gold, fairest welcome gift to mortals, neither mother nor children nor dear father afford people such pleasures as you and those who possess you in their homes.” And again: “Fare well. Friends are nothing if one suffers misfortune.” And (adesp. fr. 464 Nauck): “A wealthy man utters the fairest music of the Muses.”
French AI-generated translation, non-official
Codex gpt-5.6-sol · Non-official working translation · 2026-09-11
Ensuite, une sentence est une simple affirmation, comme celle-ci (Euripide, fr. 200 Nauck): «Car une sage décision vainc de nombreuses mains, mais avec la foule l’ignorance est le pire mal.» Or l’esprit n’est pas convaincu par une affirmation que la parole est bonne ou non; il lui faut des démonstrations. Les démonstrations de ce qui est dit convenablement ou non relèvent non de la grammaire, mais de la philosophie. De ce point de vue encore, la grammaire se trouve superflue et vaine. En outre, si la grammaire, prophétesse des poètes, est utile parce qu’ils ont dit beaucoup de choses bonnes et profitables à la vie, comme ils en ont exprimé bien davantage d’une manière perverse et nuisible à la vie, elle deviendra inutile. De même qu’un poète a dit (Euripide, fr. 20 Nauck): «Ne dis pas Ploutos; je n’admire pas un dieu que même le pire acquiert aisément», un autre soutient le contraire (fr. 324 Nauck): «Ô or, objet d’accueil le plus beau pour les mortels, ni une mère, ni des enfants, ni un père ami ne procurent aux hommes des plaisirs tels que ceux que tu donnes, toi et ceux qui te possèdent dans leurs demeures.» Et encore: «Sois prospère; si l’on tombe dans le malheur, les amis ne sont rien.» Et (fr. anonyme 464 Nauck): «L’homme riche fait entendre le plus beau chant des Muses.»
Concepts in this passage
Duty
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Education
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Equipollence
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Intelligible forms
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Fortune
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Friendship
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Human wisdom
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Knowledge
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Pleasure
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Suspension of judgment
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Wisdom
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