Each coloured line follows a thinker from birth to the documented end of their life, or to today. When several lives pass through the same place at the same time, a curve shows that a physical encounter was possible.
Sharing an era proves nothing. Connectors distinguish a documented relationship, a reported tradition and mere plausible co-presence. Distances between dates are compressed to keep every name legible.
1 thinkers shown
Birth
Death
Disputed dating
Documented link
Reported tradition
Disputed tradition
Plausible co-presence
Historical landmark
Ancient worlds
6th century BCE to 5th century CE
Greek cities, Hellenistic kingdoms, the Roman Republic and then the Empire: paths cross, but every connector keeps its degree of certainty.
Historical landmarkThe Peloponnesian War exhausts Athens, Sparta and their allies.
Historical landmarkAlexander’s conquests open the Hellenistic age, where Greek schools spread far beyond Athens.
Historical landmarkThe Qin unify the rival Chinese kingdoms into a single imperial state.
Historical landmarkRome destroys Corinth and dominates Greece politically, while Greek philosophy increasingly shapes Roman elites.
Historical landmarkJulius Caesar is assassinated. A new civil war begins instead of restoring the old Republic.
Historical landmarkOctavian becomes Augustus. The Roman Republic gives way to the Principate.
Historical landmarkNero becomes emperor. Seneca serves as tutor and, for a time, political adviser.
Historical landmarkVesuvius buries Pompeii and Herculaneum, preserving an abrupt cross-section of Roman life.
Historical landmarkThe Constitutio Antoniniana grants Roman citizenship to most free inhabitants of the Empire.
Historical landmarkThe last western Roman emperor is deposed, a conventional marker for the end of the Western Empire, not an overnight end to antiquity.
Transmission and new worlds
6th to 17th century
Texts change languages, libraries and readers. Religions, print and voyages move the frames of thought.
Historical landmarkCharlemagne is crowned emperor in Rome, binding royal power to a revived western imperial title.
Historical landmarkBaghdad’s translation movement brings Greek scientific and philosophical works into Arabic scholarly networks.
Historical landmarkTemüjin is proclaimed Genghis Khan and begins the rapid construction of the Mongol Empire.
Historical landmarkThe Black Death kills a vast share of the population across Europe, North Africa and western Asia.
Historical landmarkMovable-type printing in Europe makes the copying and circulation of books radically faster.
Historical landmarkColumbus reaches the Caribbean. Permanent Atlantic contact brings conquest, colonization and a vast exchange of peoples, plants and diseases.
Historical landmarkGalileo publishes telescopic observations of the Moon and Jupiter’s satellites.
Historical landmarkNewton publishes the Principia, unifying terrestrial and celestial motion mathematically.
Modern revolutions
18th to 20th century
Political revolutions, evolutionary science and the birth of psychology redraw the map of the human being.
Historical landmarkThomas Newcomen’s atmospheric engine begins pumping water from mines.
Historical landmarkThe French Revolution overturns the monarchy and makes citizenship, rights and sovereignty immediate political questions.
Historical landmarkDarwin publishes On the Origin of Species and changes how life’s history is understood.
Historical landmarkBell receives a patent for the telephone, turning the human voice into an electrical signal.
Historical landmarkThe First World War industrializes mass destruction across Europe and beyond.
Historical landmarkThe Second World War and the Holocaust reshape the world’s political and moral landscape.
The contemporary world
1945 to today
The transistor, computer networks, popular culture and living authors enter the conversation in turn.
Historical landmarkThe first working transistor points toward electronics without hot, fragile vacuum tubes.
Historical landmarkThe first ARPANET message travels between UCLA and the Stanford Research Institute.
Historical landmarkStar Wars reaches cinemas. Yoda joins the saga on screen three years later, in The Empire Strikes Back.
Historical landmarkAt CERN, Tim Berners-Lee proposes an internet-based hypertext system that becomes the World Wide Web.
Historical landmarkThe Berlin Wall falls, the clearest public symbol of the Cold War’s ending in Europe.
Today
Living Prokoptons
The branches of living authors remain open. Ancient voices do not silently learn the present: all modern context remains labeled.