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Aristotle
Rhetoric Section 12
Section 101 of 882
Canonical reference 1.13.12
Ancient Greek
ταῦτα δʼ ἐστὶν τὰ μὲν καθʼ ὑπερβολὴν ἀρετῆς καὶ κακίας, ἐφʼ οἷς ὀνείδη καὶ ἔπαινοι καὶ ἀτιμίαι, καὶ τιμαὶ καὶ δωρεαί (οἷον τὸ χάριν ἔχειν τῷ ποιήσαντι εὖ καὶ ἀντευποιεῖν τὸν εὖ ποιήσαντα, καὶ βοηθητικὸν εἶναι τοῖς φίλοις, καὶ ὅσα ἄλλα τοιαῦτα), τὰ δὲ τοῦ ἰδίου νόμου καὶ γεγραμμένου ἔλλειμμα.
English
J. H. Freese, 1926
One kind arises from an excess of virtue or vice, which is followed by praise or blame, honor or dishonor, and rewards; for instance, to be grateful to a benefactor, to render good for good, to help one's friends, and the like; the other kind contains what is omitted in the special written law.
French AI-generated translation, non-official
Codex gpt-5.6-sol · Non-official working translation · 2026-09-13
L'une naît d'un excès de vertu ou de vice, auquel succèdent l'éloge ou le blâme, l'honneur ou le déshonneur, et des récompenses ; par exemple, témoigner de la reconnaissance à un bienfaiteur, rendre le bien pour le bien, aider ses amis, et autres choses semblables. L'autre comprend ce qui est omis dans la loi écrite particulière.
Concepts in this passage
Anger
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Beneficence
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Care of the soul
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Fear
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Friendship
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Justice
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Law
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Reason
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Rhetoric
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Virtue
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War and peace
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