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Aristotle
Rhetoric Section 36
Section 326 of 882
Canonical reference 1.9.36
Ancient Greek
ἐπεὶ οὖν ἔχομεν ἃ δεῖ πράττειν καὶ ποῖόν τινα εἶναι δεῖ, ταῦτα ὡς ὑποθήκας λέγοντας τῇ λέξει μετατιθέναι δεῖ καὶ στρέφειν, οἷον ὅτι οὐ δεῖ μέγα φρονεῖν ἐπὶ τοῖς διὰ τύχην ἀλλὰ τοῖς διʼ αὑτόν. οὕτω μὲν οὖν λεχθὲν ὑποθήκην δύναται, ὡδὶ δʼ ἔπαινον μέγα φρονῶν οὐκ ἐπὶ τοῖς διὰ τύχην ὑπάρχουσιν ἀλλὰ τοῖς διʼ αὑτόν . ὥστε ὅταν ἐπαινεῖν βούλῃ, ὅρα τί ἂν ὑπόθοιο· καὶ ὅταν ὑποθέσθαι, ὅρα τί ἂν ἐπαινέσειας.
English
J. H. Freese, 1926
Accordingly, when we know what we ought to do and the qualities we ought to possess, we ought to make a change in the phrase and turn it, employing this knowledge as a suggestion. For instance, the statement that one ought not to pride oneself on goods which are due to fortune, but on those which are due to oneself alone, when expressed in this way, has the force of a suggestion; but expressed thus, he was proud, not of goods which were due to fortune, but of those which were due to himself alone, it becomes praise. Accordingly, if you desire to praise, look what you would suggest; if you desire to suggest, look what you would praise.
French AI-generated translation, non-official
Codex gpt-5.6-sol · Non-official working translation · 2026-09-13
Ainsi, lorsque nous savons ce que nous devons faire et quelles qualités nous devons posséder, il nous faut modifier et retourner la formulation, en employant cette connaissance comme conseil. Par exemple, dire que l’on ne doit pas tirer fierté des biens dus à la fortune, mais de ceux que l’on ne doit qu’à soi-même, formulé de cette manière, a la force d’un conseil. Mais si l’on dit : « Il tirait sa fierté non des biens dus à la fortune, mais de ceux qu’il ne devait qu’à lui-même », cela devient une louange. Par conséquent, si vous désirez louer, examinez ce que vous conseilleriez ; si vous désirez conseiller, examinez ce que vous loueriez.
Concepts in this passage
Anger
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Desire
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Fear
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Force
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Fortune
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Justice
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Knowledge
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Reason
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Rhetoric
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