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Aristotle

Rhetoric Section 5

Section 468 of 882

Canonical reference 2.2.5

Ancient Greek

καὶ ὁ ὑβρίζων δὲ ὀλιγωρεῖ· ἔστι γὰρ ὕβρις τὸ πράττειν καὶ λέγειν ἐφʼ οἷς αἰσχύνη ἔστι τῷ πάσχοντι, μὴ ἵνα τι γίγνηται αὑτῷ ἄλλο ἢ ὅ τι ἐγένετο, ἀλλʼ ὅπως ἡσθῇ· οἱ γὰρ ἀντιποιοῦντες οὐχ ὑβρίζουσιν ἀλλὰ τιμωροῦνται.

English

J. H. Freese, 1926

Similarly, he who insults another also slights him; for insult consists in causing injury or annoyance whereby the sufferer is disgraced, not to obtain any other advantage for oneself besides the performance of the act, but for one's own pleasure; for retaliation is not insult, but punishment.

French AI-generated translation, non-official

Codex gpt-5.6-sol · Non-official working translation · 2026-09-13

De même, celui qui insulte autrui le méprise également ; car l’insulte consiste à causer un dommage ou un désagrément qui déshonore celui qui le subit, non pour obtenir quelque autre avantage que l’accomplissement même de l’acte, mais pour son propre plaisir ; car les représailles ne sont pas une insulte, mais un châtiment.

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