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Aristotle

Rhetoric Section 18

Section 633 of 882

Canonical reference 2.5.18

Ancient Greek

αὐτοὶ δʼ οὕτως ἔχοντες θαρραλέοι εἰσίν, ἂν πολλὰ κατωρθωκέναι οἴωνται καὶ μὴ πεπονθέναι, ἢ ἐὰν πολλάκις ἐληλυθότες εἰς τὰ δεινὰ καὶ διαπεφευγότες ὦσι· διχῶς γὰρ ἀπαθεῖς γίγνονται οἱ ἄνθρωποι, ἢ τῷ μὴ πεπειρᾶσθαι ἢ τῷ βοηθείας ἔχειν, ὥσπερ ἐν τοῖς κατὰ θάλατταν κινδύνοις οἵ τε ἄπειροι χειμῶνος θαρροῦσι τὰ μέλλοντα καὶ οἱ βοηθείας ἔχοντες διὰ τὴν ἐμπειρίαν.

English

J. H. Freese, 1926

We feel confidence in the following states of mind: if we believe that we have often succeeded and have not suffered, or if we have often been in danger and escaped it; for men are unaffected by fear in two ways, either because they have never been tested or have means of help; thus, in dangers at sea, those who have never experienced a storm and those who have means of help as the result of experience have confidence as to the future.

French AI-generated translation, non-official

Codex gpt-5.6-sol · Non-official working translation · 2026-09-13

Nous éprouvons de la confiance dans les dispositions d’esprit suivantes : si nous croyons avoir souvent réussi sans subir de dommage, ou si nous nous sommes souvent trouvés en danger et y avons échappé. Car les hommes restent insensibles à la crainte de deux manières : soit parce qu’ils n’ont jamais été mis à l’épreuve, soit parce qu’ils disposent de moyens de secours. Ainsi, dans les dangers de la mer, ceux qui n’ont jamais connu de tempête et ceux à qui l’expérience procure des moyens de secours envisagent l’avenir avec confiance.

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