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Cicero

On Divination Passage 106

Passage 239 of 284

Canonical reference 2.106

Latin

perseus-cicero-de_divinatione-lat

'Neque non possunt futura praenoscere.' Negant posse ii, quibus non placet esse certum, quid futurum sit. Videsne igitur, quae dubia sint, ea sumi pro certis atque concessis? Deinde contorquent et ita concludunt: Non igitur et sunt di nec significant futura ; id enim iam perfectum arbitrantur. Deinde adsumunt: Sunt autem di , quod ipsum non ab omnibus conceditur. Significant ergo. Ne id quidem sequitur; possunt enim non significare et tamen esse di. Nec, si significant, non dant vias aliquas ad scientiam significationis. At id quoque potest, ut non dent homini, ipsi habeant; cur enim Tuscis potius quam Romanis darent? Nec, si dant vias, nulla est divinatio. Fac dare deos, quod absurdum est; quid refert, si accipere non possumus? Extremum est : Est igitur divinatio. Sit extremum, effectum tamen non est; ex falsis enim, ut ab ipsis didicimus, verum effici non potest. Iacet igitur tota conclusio.

English AI-generated translation, non-official

Codex gpt-5.6-sol · Non-official working translation · 2026-09-11

“Nor are they unable to foresee future events.” Those who do not believe that the future is fixed deny that they can. Do you see, then, how doubtful claims are assumed as certain and conceded? Next they twist the argument and conclude: “Therefore it cannot be the case that the gods exist but do not signify the future.” They think the matter is already settled. Then they add: “But the gods exist,” which itself is not conceded by everyone. “Therefore they signify the future.” That does not follow either, for they may exist and still not signify it. “If they signify it, they do not fail to give some means of understanding its signification.” But even this is possible: they may possess such means themselves without giving them to human beings. Why should they give them to the Etruscans rather than the Romans? “If they give the means, divination exists.” Grant that the gods give them, which is absurd. What does it matter if we cannot receive them? The last step is: “Therefore divination exists.” Let that be the final proposition, but it has not been established. As we learned from the Stoics themselves, truth cannot be derived from falsehoods. The whole syllogism therefore collapses.

French AI-generated translation, non-official

Codex gpt-5.6-sol · Non-official working translation · 2026-09-11

«Et ils ne sont pas incapables de connaître l’avenir.» Ceux qui refusent de croire que l’avenir est fixé nient qu’ils le puissent. Vois-tu donc comment des propositions douteuses sont prises pour certaines et accordées? Ensuite, ils tordent leur raisonnement et concluent ainsi: «Donc, si les dieux existent sans signifier l’avenir, ils n’existent pas.» Ils jugent alors leur démonstration achevée. Puis ils ajoutent: «Or les dieux existent», ce que tout le monde n’accorde pas non plus. «Ils signifient donc l’avenir.» Cela même ne suit pas, car ils peuvent ne pas le signifier tout en étant des dieux. «Et s’ils le signifient, ils ne manquent pas de donner quelque voie pour connaître leurs signes.» Mais il se peut aussi qu’ils ne donnent pas cette voie à l’homme et la gardent pour eux-mêmes. Pourquoi la donneraient-ils aux Étrusques plutôt qu’aux Romains? «Et s’ils donnent des voies, il existe une divination.» Admets que les dieux les donnent, ce qui est absurde; qu’importe si nous ne pouvons les recevoir? La conclusion finale est: «La divination existe donc.» Qu’elle soit la conclusion, soit; mais elle n’a pas été établie, car le vrai ne peut découler du faux, comme les Stoïciens eux-mêmes nous l’ont appris. Toute leur conclusion s’effondre donc.

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