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John Locke
An Essay Concerning Human Understanding Section S5
Section 350 of 1,114
Canonical reference B2.C21.S5
English
Project Gutenberg transcription of Locke author text
This, at least, I think evident, - That we find in ourselves a power to begin or forbear, continue or end several actions of our minds, and motions of our bodies, barely by a thought or preference of the mind ordering, or as it were commanding, the doing or not doing such or such a particular action. This power which the mind has thus to order the consideration of any idea, or the forbearing to consider it; or to prefer the motion of any part of the body to its rest, and vice versa, in any particular instance, is that which we call the WILL. The actual exercise of that power, by directing any particular action, or its forbearance, is that which we call VOLITION or WILLING. The forbearance of that action, consequent to such order or command of the mind, is called VOLUNTARY. And whatsoever action is performed without such a thought of the mind, is called INVOLUNTARY. The power of perception is that which we call the UNDERSTANDING. Perception, which we make the act of the understanding, is of three sorts: - 1. The perception of ideas in our minds. 2. The perception of the signification of signs. 3. The perception of the connexion or repugnancy, agreement or disagreement, that there is between any of our ideas. All these are attributed to the understanding, or perceptive power, though it be the two latter only that use allows us to say we understand.
French
Pierre Coste · Pierre Mortier, Amsterdam, 1735, third edition
Une choſe qui du moins eſt évidente, à mon avis, c’eſt que nous trouvons en nous-mêmes la puiſſance de commencer ou de ne pas commencer, de continuer ou de terminer pluſieurs actions de notre Eſprit, & pluſieurs mouvemens de notre Corps, & cela ſimplement par une penſée ou un choix de notre Eſprit, qui détermine & commande, pour ainſi dire, que telle ou telle action particuliére ſoit faite, ou ne ſoit pas faite. Cette Puiſſance que notre Eſprit a de diſpoſer ainſi de la préſence ou de l’abſence d’une idée particuliére, ou de préferer le mouvement de quelque partie du Corps au repos de cette même partie, ou de faire le contraire, c’eſt ce que nous appelons Volonté. Et l’uſage actuel que nous faiſons de cette Puiſſance, en produiſant, ou en ceſſant de produire telle ou telle action, c’eſt ce qu’on nomme Volition. La ceſſation ou la production de l’action qui ſuit d’un tel commandement de l’Ame, s’appelle volontaire ; & toute action qui eſt faite ſans une telle direction de l’Ame, ſe nomme involontaire. La Puiſſance d’appercevoir eſt ce que nous appelons Entendement ; & la Perception que nous regardons comme un Acte de l’Entendement peut être diſtinguée en trois eſpéces. 1. Il y a la Perception des Idées dans notre Eſprit. 2. La Perception de la ſignification des Signes. 3. La Perception de la liaiſon ou oppoſition, de la convenance ou diſconvenance qu’il y a entre quelqu’une de nos Idées. Toutes ces différentes Perceptions ſont attribuées à l’Entendement ou à la Puiſſance d’appercevoir que nous ſentons en nous-mêmes, quoi que l’Uſage ne nous permette d’appliquer le mot d’entendre, qu’aux deux derniéres ſeulement.
Concepts in this passage
Attribute
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Care of the soul
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Moral decorum
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Degrees of knowledge and probability
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Family
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Ideas from sensation and reflection
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Impressions and assent
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Knowledge
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Law
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Mindfulness
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Nominal and real essence
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Personal identity and consciousness
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Philosophical training
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Primary and secondary qualities
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Reason
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Simple and complex ideas
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Spirit
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Wisdom
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