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John Locke
An Essay Concerning Human Understanding Section S4
Section 424 of 1,114
Canonical reference B2.C22.S4
English
Project Gutenberg transcription of Locke author text
Every mixed mode consisting of many distinct simple ideas, it seems reasonable to inquire, Whence it has its unity; and how such a precise multitude comes to make but one idea; since that combination does not always exist together in nature? To which I answer, it is plain it has its unity from an act of the mind, combining those several simple ideas together, and considering them as one complex one, consisting of those parts; and the mark of this union, or that which is looked on generally to complete it, is one NAME given to that combination. For it is by their names that men commonly regulate their account of their distinct species of mixed modes, seldom allowing or considering any number of simple ideas to make one complex one, but such collections as there be names for. Thus, though the killing of an old man be as fit in nature to be united into one complex idea, as the killing a man’s father; yet, there being no name standing precisely for the one, as there is the name of PARRICIDE to mark the other, it is not taken for a particular complex idea, nor a distinct species of actions from that of killing a young man, or any other man.
French
Pierre Coste · Pierre Mortier, Amsterdam, 1735, third edition
Chaque Mode mixte étant compoſé de pluſieurs Idées ſimples, diſtinctes les unes des autres, il ſemble raiſonnable de rechercher d’où c’est qu’il tire ſon Unité, & comment une telle multitude particulière d’Idées vient à faire une ſeule Idée, puis que cette combinaiſon n’exiſte pas toûjours réellement dans la nature des choſes. Il eſt évident, que l’Unité de ces Modes vient d’un Acte de l’Eſprit qui combine enſemble ces différentes Idées ſimples, & les conſidére comme une ſeule Idée complexe qui renferme toutes ces diverſes parties : & ce qui eſt la marque de cette union, ou qu’on regarde en général comme ce qui la détermine exactement, c’eſt le nom qu’on donne à cette combinaiſon d’idée. Car c’eſt ſur les noms que les hommes réglent ordinairement le compte qu’ils font d’autant d’eſpèces diſtinctes de Modes mixtes ; & il arrive rarement qu’ils reçoivent ou conſiderent aucun nombre d’Idées ſimples comme faiſant une idée complexe, excepté les collections qui ſont déſignées par certains noms. Ainſi, quoi que le crime de celui qui tuë un Vieillard, ſoit de ſa nature, auſſi propre à former une idée complexe, que le crime de celui qui tuë ſon Pére ; cependant parce qu’il n’y a point de nom qui ſignifie préciſément le prémier, comme il y a le mot de Parricide pour déſigner le dernier, on ne regarde pas le prémier comme une particuliére Idée complexe, ou comme une eſpèce d’action diſtincte de celle par laquelle on tuë un jeune homme, ou quelque autre homme que ce ſoit.
Concepts in this passage
Care of the soul
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Degrees of knowledge and probability
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Education
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Ether and field
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Family
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Ideas from sensation and reflection
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Impressions and assent
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Knowledge
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Law
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Messiah
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Mode
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Nature
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Nominal and real essence
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Personal identity and consciousness
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Political union
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Primary and secondary qualities
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Psychological complex
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Reason
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Roles and relationships
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Simple and complex ideas
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Sin
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Spirit
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